Chii rusaruro? Kukarukureta of selectivity mudunhu namapoporodzi

By selectivity chinorehwa chinamafuta mashandiro ari kudzivirirwa magetsi nematunhu mano. Somugumisiro fuses kana redunhu namapoporodzi iri kudziviswa uye combustion wiring kukundikana mitoro chokuita nazvo pfupi matunhu exceedances nemasangano ari nzvimbo akasarudzwa, apo vamwe redunhu anoramba kushanda.

Zano automata

Pfungwa yokuti selectivity kwakadaro kunogona kuwanikwa nokuongorora Zano kumba magetsi remadziro.

Kana redunhu pfupi iri mukicheni kana zvimwe kamuri vanofanira kushanda midziyo wokudzivirira imwe chete iyo inesungano chuma. pamusoro Automatic kupinda hakuna kudzorwa kure, uye achaita kuitisa magetsi kuti zvikamu yasara. Kana paine chikonzero chinoita kuti chinja kuti mukicheni haana kushanda, ipapo chinetso kudzora otomatiki kupinda nokuramba kubvisa simba vose magetsi matunhu.

kupatsanura

Chii selectivity pamusoro muchina, unogona anomirirwa muchimiro akaunganidzwa dzavo, uye wiring chati.

1. Complete. Kana iwe Daisy cheni akawanda mano pamusoro overcurrent ikasakendenga ndiye pedyo zvashata wongoramba.
2. Kukwana. Dziviriro zvakafanana zvizere, asi zviri chete inoshanda kusvika imwe yakawanda overcurrent.
3. Temporary. Kana mano zvakabatana muna ngaatevedzane chete ano unhu kuisa dzakasiyana nguva kunonoka pamusoro nokushanda kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera kubva mugove ane atadze kushanda zvakanaka kusvikira nesimba kunobva. Time rusaruro michina inoshandiswa nechinangwa hedging mumwe panguva shutdown nokukurumidza. Somuenzaniso: wokutanga kunouya pashure 0.1 masekonzi, wechipiri - 0.5 masekonzi, wechitatu - 1 chik.
4. Current. Selectivity nguva yakafanana chete parameter ndiyo vaifanira ano cutoff. Mano vanosarudzwa nenzira kuderedza setpoint pasimba kwaibva kuti mutoro zvinhu (semuenzaniso, 25 A kuti kwezvavakaisa mberi imwe nzira yokubudisa 16 A uye 10 A - kuti chiedza).
5. Time-ano. The michina inopiwa kuti maitiro mamiriro, uyewo - nguva. Michina vari mapoka mapoka A, B, C, D. Dzinoronga nguva selectivity pa mhosva (pfupi wedunhu) zvinonetsa nokuti unhu mano vari seari pane mumwe. Kufadza unodzivirira kushanda kunoitwa mune boka A, iro kudiwa kushandiswa zvemagetsi matunhu. The inonyanya mhando C mudziyo, asi kufunga pose uye vasina inokurudzirwa. Group D rinoshandisirwa nemotokari enyika makuru inrush dzenzvimbo.
6. Zone. Kushanda nesimba romugove tarisisa tambo chikwata. Kana setpoint pachikumbaridzo (zvakafanorongwa pachikumbaridzo ukoshi), mashoko ari chakasvitswa kudzora centre, iyo anosarudzwa kuti otomatiki shutdown. The nzira yaishandiswa indasitiri nekuti zvakaoma, inodhura uye zvinoda vakaparadzana simba rinopiwa. Akashandisa zvemagetsi zvabudiswa: kana munhu mhosva iri dzakaonekwa nomurwizi muchina anotumira chiratidzo kuti nechokumusoro kwerwizi uye mumwe anotanga kuverenga nguva penguva iri vanenge 50 MS. Kana iri pasi chinja panguva ino zvikasashanda, batidza kuti, riri pamusoro cheni.
7. Energy. Michina vane kumhanya, mauri pfupi-redunhu ano haana nguva kusvika kufadza.

Marudzi rusaruro

Protection selectivity rakakamurwa Mhedziso kana hama, zvichienderana izvo site vakaremara. Nekuti chekutanga kana ndiyo chakavimbika kupfuura rukungiso fuses chikamu kwemutariri zvaparadzwa. Mumakore vasingadiwi michina wechipiri riri kumusoro, kana kudzivirirwa haina vakashanda pazasi nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana.

selectivity tafura

kudzivirirwa Kusarudza unoshanda kunyanya apo runopfuura aizviti redunhu mudariki I _N, t. E. At yakaderera accelerations. Apo pfupi-nematunhu kuti vabudirire kwayo zvikuru kuoma. Kuti izvi zvidaro, vagadziri kutengesa zvigadzirwa kuna matafura selectivity nayo wagadzira mitundu pamwe igumburwe anyatsosarudza. Pano unogona kusarudza boka mano mugadziri mumwe chete. selectivity petafura akapa pazasi, unogona kuwana navo pamusoro Websites makambani.

Yokuedza selectivity pakati nechokumusoro kwerwizi uye nomurwizi midziyo ndiye mharadzano ane mutsara uye mbiru, apo "t" - zvachose selectivity, uye nhamba - haasaruri (kana mhosva Kuyerera muduku kupfuura raanotaura ukoshi iri tafura).

Pakuverenga michina selectivity

Protective mano Anonyanyowanika kushandiswa kwakajairika haizoshandisi, iro selectivity izvo zvakafanira kuitira nezvinyorwa zvakarurama kusarudzwa uye kurongwa. Zvavakaita vanosarudza kudzivirira iiswe pedyo simba nerubatsiro inopiwa zvinotevera ezvinhu.

• I _s.o.posled ≥ K _{nd it} ∙ I _k.pred. Where:
  - I _s.o.posled - kuitika panguva iyo chokudzivirira kusashanda;
  - I _k.pred. - pfupi-redunhu kudzivirirwa pakupera chikuva, riri kure zvikuru kubva simba kwaibva;
  - K _{nd it} - Kuvimbika coefficient iyo kunobva paradzira parameters.

Chii selectivity panguva murau Michini, zviri kuoneka ukama pazasi.

• T ≥ t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} + Δt, apo:
  - T t _{s.o.posled k.pred.} - nguva zvikamu panguva iyo kukonzera kupararira-kure michina, ukuwo, pedyo uye kure kubva simba kwaibva;
  - Δt - nguva rwakazara selectivity, selectable katarogu.

Graphical kumiririrwa selectivity

For yakavimbika overcurrent kudzivirirwa wiring vanoda kadhi selectivity. Zvinomirira nguva-achangobuda zvechadenga redunhu mano akagadzawo serially mune nengetani. The chikero anosarudzwa kuti pamuganhu pfungwa kuonekwa inodzivirira ehupfumi ari namano. In tsika, iyo selectivity ari kadhi muzvirongwa advantageously kwete kushandiswa, inova kuvamirira chikuru uye kunotungamirira blackouts vanozvishandisa.

Chezita reshiyo anofanira kanenge 2.5 nokuda selectivity. Asi kunyange vane zvakafanana kuvhiyiwa nzvimbo, kunyange zviduku. panguva nhamba 3.2 chete iri kuchengetwa, mharadzano yavo. Asi iyi rimwe masangano anogona kuti inflated uye vanofanira kuisa mushure otomatiki wiring kurei muchinjikwa chikamu.

Kazhinji, ari selectivity kudzivirirwa haina kuzvireva. Zvinokosha chete pane anogona mutsekwende.

Kana akaverenga tsika vakawana inflated masangano automata pamusoro chiyamuro akaisa vematunhu namapoporodzi kana mutoro haizoshandisi.

Unogonawo kushandisa chaiwo michina anyatsosarudza.

Kusarudza otomatiki S750DR

ABB manufactures zvigadzirwa S750DR mucherechedzo, uko selectivity pamusoro haizoshandisi inopiwa mamwe ano usingagoni waisakurwa pashure huru nokuchinja kuonana panguva redunhu pfupi.

Kana nokuzviparadzanisa ari zvashata nzvimbo nomurwizi zvokusarudza bimetallic kuonana akasikwa kubudikidza nguva kunonoka norudaviro. Saka chinokosha chinja kuonana zvokusarudza munzvimbo patsime chiito. Kana pamusoro-pari kuramba iyerere kubudikidza 20-200 MS akochonorwa kudzivirira chafariz mune huru uye okuwedzera matunhu. Saka vanosarudza bimetallic ubvise kutigumbura disengaging mashandiro uye tsime havazokwanisi kuvhara kudzokera huru kuonana.

Kuderedza ano muchina inopiwa zvokusarudza resistor 0.5 ohms kurwisa uye arcing guru mukati midziyo.

mhedziso

Chii selectivity, zviri nyore kunzwisisa kana tichifunga yemagetsi matunhu pamwe dzakatevedzana chokuita Michini. Ndivo nyore tonotora, kupa igumburwe zvokusarudza pamusoro zadzisa. Difficulties kuitika kana hombe pfupi-redunhu dzenzvimbo. Nokuti ichi chinangwa vanoverengeka nzira, uyewo chaiwo michina ABB, kutanga kunonoka iri activation nguva.