Chii taxonomy mu zvipenyu? Biology: Plant systematics

Unoyeuka here zvipenyu chidzidzo "Systematics uye kupatsanura zvipenyu"? Kana kwete, ipapo nyaya yedu kwamuri. Tichafara tinyatsoziva nyaya sayenzi iyi uye kutsanangura nemapoka zvinomera uye zvikonzero pamusoro zvavakanga ikashandiswa.

Chii taxonomy mu zvipenyu

Kusiyana zvipenyu panyika kunoshamisa. Chimbofungidzira, mune ano munguva mamiriyoni 8.7 rudzi dzinozivikanwa masayendisiti. Vakaita Inoziva zvose Oréal dzinogarisana nemvura miviri uye ivhu kuti parasitic kuvapo mukati zvipenyu. Sezvo paiva sayenzi kuti aigona streamline kusiyana ichi, izvo nyore zvikuru nedanho nguva yavo yokudzidza.

Chii taxonomy? Mharidzo pamusoro zvipenyu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira kupiwa tsanangudzo dzakawanda pfungwa iyi. Tichakurukura zvikuru chaiwo. Systematics - sayenzi Diversity uye kupatsanura zvipenyu. MuchiGiriki zita iri rinoshandurudzwa se "zvakarongeka".

Yokutanga kuedza kushamwaridzana zvinenge yakavakirwa vakawanda hunhu uye vaite Aristotle Theophrastos. Naizvozvo, chii chiri taxonomy iri zvipenyu, aizivikanwa munyika yekare.

Muvambi taxonomy anoonekwa kuti musayendisiti Swedish Karl Linney. Ndiye akatanga sayenzi kaviri kana binary, mazita nemhuka. Nanhasi, ari chairema kupatsanura ndiyo chitarisiko. Somuenzaniso, sirivha poplar, nebharisami, zvakafanana plantain.

Umambo muzvarirwo

Systematics - mumwe muboka iri zvipenyu, iyo anosanganisa zvinenge mapoka zvakafanana zvatariswa. Dzinonzi taxa. Vashoma izvi ndiwo maonero, uye zvepamusoro - umambo. Pakati pavo pane zvenguva taxa. Somuenzaniso, mumwe muti ari genus, mhuri, kuitira, kirasi uye kupesana.

Umambo shanu zvakasikwa:

• Plants Paaiita autotrophic nzira romugove, kuvapo uswa ruvara chlorophyll mumasero vanokwanisa photosynthesis, kuda mararamiro risingagumi kukura.
• Mhuka nenzira dzichifura ndiyo heterotrophic, achishingaira kufamba, kukura kukura chete mune imwe nguva.
• Howa - boka zvipenyu, iyo anopindura ane zvenguva nzvimbo pakati zvinomera uye mhuka. Chine mashoko zvinhu zvose ushe. Somuenzaniso, akaita zvirimwa, notumwe vari zvakabatanidzwa mararamiro. Nokudaro ivo zvokudya vakagadzirira pamwe Organic zvinhu semhuka.
• Utachiona - chimwe-celled nemaziso zvipenyu regai zvamatonga musimboti.
• Nemavhairasi - non-cellular upenyu siyana. Izvi nucleic asidhi mamorekuru kuumbwa, takapoteredzwa puroteni jasi.

Biology, Grade 6: taxonomy zvinomera

Zvino mumwe Ukanyatsotarisa kupatsanura pakati vamiririri chirimwa umambo. We munotoziva kuti yakadaro taxonomy mune zvipenyu uye chii chinokosha zvinhu Munokudzwa dzinomiririra umambo uhwu. boka chii voga mukati maro?

Biology uye taxonomy kuvakuru zvinomera vanoonekwa maviri: yakaderera uye yakakwirira. boka zvinomera izvi kutanga hatuzoumbiki nyama uye nhengo dzomuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvose algae. Izvi zvinonyanya chinyakare zvinomera, izvo pakutanga akazviratidza panyika.

Sezvo vachipinda munyika miti akatanga kuumba nyama uye nhengo dzomuviri. Pasina izvozvo, kuvapo kwavo hakwaikwanisika itsva ezvinhu. Saka nedanho Kushanduka dzakakwirira chero zvinomera.

dzikisa miti

Chii taxonomy mu zvipenyu? Zviri zvakare sayenzi kuti anobvumira kusiyanisa chikuru chinoratidza zviri zvipenyu. Zvinomera rwevanhu - ndiyo autotrophic nzira yokudya nokuti dzakaderera - kusavapo nemasero specialized. Nokuti algae, vose vane mamiriro. Combined ivo chete anatomically, asi kwete vakuru.

algae muviri akadana okuti "thallus", "Slano" kana "thallium". Uye pachinzvimbo midzi vaine rhizoids. Vanogona kuva kuroorwa kana zvipuka zvine masero akawanda uye ichitongwa. Kunze ruvara chlorophyll, algae masero ingasanganisira madhayi mamwe mavara. Zvichienderana ichi uchisaruta madhipatimendi manyoro, tsvuku uye mashava, yendarama algae. Asi Vamiririri Diatom takapoteredzwa goko kuti silica. kwakanyorwa rinoitwa kuburikidza mawindo muviri.

Yakakwirira: asi maitiro zvinhu

Yokutanga vatamira munyika asati ane tishu zvechokwadi. Vakanga vachiri kuchengeta rhizoids, uye kutiza chinjikira uye forked mapazi. Mune shanduka zvinomera akapukunyuka mitezo iyo yemuviri anogamuchira wehunyambiri nzvimbo. Izvi inopa vanobudirira ezvinhu kuti panowanikwa photosynthesis. Saka dzakakwirira miriwo rine specialized masero uye nyama - zvemaziso, conductive, pakavha uye core.

The kupfuura chinyakare Nhengo chikwata ichi vari zvakanyatsorongwa spore. mhando dzavo ano ndivanaani vanomirirwa mapoka mana: Moho-, Plauno-, Hvosche- uye Fern. Ravaigona zvinhu zviri vachiwaridza nemamiriro kupukunyuka, kubereka achishandisa spores, alternation muupenyu kunoita zvepabonde uye asexual zvizvarwa.

A-siyana nembeu

More mazhinji zviri sechivako ndivo mbeu miti. The zita pacharo rinotaura pamusoro imwe nzira dzavo kubereka. Mbeu, mukusiyana nenharo, vane yakawanda kugoverwa muviri. Ivo pave rikurumidze kumera uye kugadzira vaduku zvirimwa.

Mukati boka iri systematics mbiri dhipatimendi: gymnosperms uye angiosperms. Vamiririri rokutanga vari spruce, nemipaini, misipuresi, omujunipa, kinkgo, Welwitschia. mbeu yavo kuva pamusoro cône chikero rakavhurika, wakashama. chinhu ichi anosarudza zita taxon. Gymnosperms hatuzoumbiki maruva nemichero, zvakawanda zvacho miti yakasvibira.

Angiosperms, kana maruva zvirimwa, ndivo boka zvinomera, izvo pari kugara hukuru nzvimbo panyika. Nemhaka zvimwe STRUCTURAL zviri izvi? Kutanga, zviri pamberi iruva, achiita rokubereka nhengo basa, umo kaviri muchangosangana. Zvibereko vari akaumba mukati iyo mbeu kukura somugumisiro izvi. mamiriro ichi anodzivirira pamusoro yaivhuvhuta ezvinhu, akanaka kukura nokuparadzirwa zvinomera.

Saka, munyaya ino isu akatarisa kuti taxonomy mu zvipenyu. Chinhu nesayenzi kuti anosarudza nzvimbo zvipenyu zviri makemikari ezvinhu nyika inobva maumbirwo zvimwe.