Chisimbiso - ndiko kuti mhuka?

Nhasi tinogona kutaura chokwadi kuti kana chisimbiso nokuda dzinoverengeka ezvinhu zvakakura, akaurayiwa mukufamba shanduka sechinhu rudzi, ipapo Earth aizova varombo zvikuru. Sei? Tinoedza kupindura mubvunzo uyu munyaya.

Aaverenga, uchawana mashoko zvakaita mhuka iri chisimbiso, chii kukosha kwayo, chii chine rine, uye zvichingodaro.

Vhuṱanzi

Common zita hwemvura mhuka idzi mhuri zvisimbiso (reCaspian, iwo uye Baikalian) - chisimbiso.

Sea seal muRussia yakapararira kubva Murmansk kusvika Bering Strait nemiganhu, kusanganisira mvura Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya, Severnaya Zemlya, Gungwa White uye Itsva Siberian Islands. It anogara kumahombekombe chikamu gungwa Okhotsk, kusanganisira vakawanda bays ayo uye yegungwa pamusoro Tatar Strait, Sakhalin Gulf uye East Sakhalin. Habitat chisimbiso rinosvika kumahombekombe chitsuwa Japanese pakati Hokkaido.

Panewo zvisimbiso kuti vanogara dziva nemvura yakachena. Somuenzaniso, yakakurumbira Russian Lake Baikal anozivikanwa munyika yose kwete chete nokuti ndiyo zvikuru uye akanaka mudhamu. mvura yaro inogarwa rakasiyana mhuka, iyo kumwe zvakafanana reservoirs. chisimbiso ichi, vari endemic uye relict pamusoro Tertiary fauna of. Zvakanyorwa kunzi Baikal chisimbiso.

tsananguro

Ndivanaani zvisimbiso? mhuka idzi zvinoshamisa vane fusiform muviri, zvinyoronyoro achiumburuka ari musoro wake.

The kukura vanozadzika 165 masendimita vavo kurema ndiyo 50 kusvika 130 makirogiramu. mhuka mutumbi rine yakawanda subcutaneous mafuta, zvakakwana anochengeta kupisa mumvura inotonhora uye anobatsira mhuka kumirira yakareba nokuperevedza kwezvokudya, uyewo vanhu akabata mvura pamusoro pakurara. Ivo hope zvokuti soundly kuti kunyange paiva nguva apo siyana avo angapikisana pasina kuvhiringidza hope dzavo.

Strong mhuka ganda Anofukidza rakaoma, guru uye pfupi bvudzi jasi. Between minwe vane nzeve uye pamberi flippers takashongedzerwa pamwe simba nenzara. Zviri nemhaka pamberi nemakumbo zvisimbiso kuita pokubuda napo ari chando, kuti kubuda pashure pakuvhima uye kuzorora pamusoro pamatombo kana chando, uye kufema mhepo yakachena.

Chisimbiso ane tisaone kugona kugara pasi mvura kwemaminitsi 40 akaramba. Izvi imhaka pamberi shoma chiedza uye zviri ichiputswa okisijeni muropa. Nokuda makumbo hadzi mhuka swims nekukurumidza zvikuru pasi mvura, asi pasi pose zviri zveufende zvikuru uye netsa.

Zvisimbiso mu Lake Baikal

Kare, iyo Baikal chisimbiso mhuka raiva airemekedzwa, kunyanya pakati pemarudzi, inoremekedzwa zvikuru zvegungwa kunovhima. Kunyange iye zvino, vamwe Orochi Anoiswa mumuromo zvikaramba chisimbiso dzemusango gariki uye fodya, nokuti kwavari rudzi rwechibayiro Tam, uko chisimbiso chinonyanya akakodzera nokuti ndiye mwene zvomumvura maatomu akafanana.

Mumazuva ekare, Baikal chisimbiso kunovhima yaiva huru zvoupfumi kukosha omunharaunda zvokurarama nazvo, kugadzirwa mhuka idzi ndekwokuda shoma. Tichienzanisa nedzimwe mhando chisimbiso pelts ose mbava (vaduku nevakuru zvakafanana) ndiyo yakanakisisa mbava pakugadzira zvinhu, saka dzinopfuura anoongwa.

Habitat Baikal seal

Muzhizha (June) pamahombekombe Ushkaniye zvitsuwa vanonyanya vakawandisa mhuka idzi - pachitsuwa navo vari unodziya dzinongoitika dzinongoitika rookery. Madekwana, nemicherechedzo vanotanga zvavo vakawanda kufamba kuzvitsuwa.

Munguva kwazvo frosts kweSiberia Lake zvachose yaita chando. Pamberi kutanga kuchitonhora chisimbiso vachishandisa mazino avo uye pamberi netsoka dzakapfava unopinza nenzara kuchera kufema makomba pachavo. Kazhinji panguva yechando pamusoro pemvura munhu nechando mudziva yakawanda nguva pamuviri vanhukadzi.

On maindasitiri kugadzira

Chisimbiso - chipfuwo, iyo ine yakawanda mafuta Vakamupfekedza, ane zvimwe anobatsira semushonga. The rokutengesa Kugadzirwa zvisimbiso nhasi, kufanana emakore apfuura, kuita zvinangwa zvimwe chete.

The nemafuta emhuka nevanhu vakawanda iri zvinobudirira kushandiswa pakurapa mamwe zvirwere chokuita hypothermia (kuzvimba, frostbite), uye nyama yayo rinoshandiswa zvokudya pamwe kushayikwa vhitamini C (zvakadai muna chakakuvara).

Kunyange zvakadaro, mukuru zvikonzero pamwero mukuru maindasitiri kugadzirwa - chinokosha mhuka matehwe. Hats uye zvipfeko kubva mikobvu, gobvu mbava ne rakasimba jira vari zvikuru akakurumbira pakati kuvagari North, uye zvikuru kumaodzanyemba kumatunhu.

kubereka

Chisimbiso Hatchling, kazhinji anooneka pakati paMarch. Panopera chando, munhukadzi anotanga kubuda mumvura akatarira chando kuti kubereka vana. Asi chokutanga mukadzi kuvaka bako riri chando nokuda kwevadzidzi vavo remangwana.

Zvinosuruvarisa panguva iyi iwo chisimbiso anotarisana nengozi mukuru - kuva nokuda kwemutemo zhinji uye vavhimi yemagora. Chaizvoizvo zvisimbiso akaberekwa ari mwana, asi pangava mbiri, kana kunyange kupfuura.

Birth uremu, kazhinji anenge 4 makirogiramu. Vari kuzvarwa matehwe tsvarakadenga chena, achivapa ushamwari uye akavimbika kupfuura kamafurashi echando.

Pashure molting chisimbiso mwana anowana silvery mbava.

upenyu anotarisirwa

Kukura mucherechedzo sezvo pakureba uye uremu, pane nguva refu (kusvika pamakore 20). Vamwe mhuka uye kufa "nedorosshimi", sezvo avo avhareji yezera vari vagari akaenzana makore 8-9 chete. Pane nyaya kuti zvimwe zvisimbiso kurarama kusvika makore 40-60, asi vashoma chaizvo. Inenge hafu zvose vanhu - chisimbiso muduku anenge makore 5. mhuka Older (makore 6-16 okuberekwa) vanoumba boka guru rutivi rumwe hafu kwezvisimbiso.

Chisimbiso - mhuka iyi kujairika mupfungwa kuti zera rake, masayendisiti akadzidza kuziva nokuda fangs kana nenzara, izvo unogona kuona wegore marin'i, akadai avo kuti vave huni.

chikafu

Hwaro zvomumvura zvokudya zvisimbiso - hove uye dzemugungwa, izvo zvinoumba aggregations makuru okumusoro akaturikidzana mvura.

kufarira Zvokudya zvangu ndiko Baikal chisimbiso - the Baikal uye goby hove golomyanka. Mugore, mhuka anoshandisa inopfuura tani hwemhuka zvokudya. rikawira kupota kupinda chikafu uye cisco kweinenge 3% waro kudya nezuva.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

1. Dlinnomordye uye chiteshi Zvisimbiso pamwe gungwa nzou zvavakagoverwa dzinogarisana - munyanza.

2. Chisimbiso - chinhu dhaivha huru, akakwanisa kusvika kudzika 400 metres.

3. Kazhinji, zvisimbiso vasingagari mumvura yakachena, asi gungwa Baikal kuRussia rava musha chaivo vamwe vomumhuri. vanhu chezvidhindo mu Lake Baikal akaita sei? Saka kure, ichingori chakavanzika. Maererano nerimwe ngano, munzvimbo idzi pane vamwe vasingazivikanwi pevhu mugero unobva lake penyanza. Masayendisiti kuwana uchapupu hwokuti chokwadi ichi. The ungangotarisa nzira ndiyo Baikal mucherechedzo pamusoro Angara uye Yenisei. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti pano saizvozvowo akarova nehove omul.