Chisingaperi chivakashure: chiperengo mitemo

Chii chisingaperi inonyaradza uye sei akasiyana achinje? Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu inogona kuwanikwa zvinhu ino. Uyezve, tichaita anokuisai mienzaniso mishomanana kushandisa morphemes izvi.

Vhuṱanzi

Tisati nezvekuva Ndezvipi invariable chivakashure vanofanira kutsanangura ichi chikamu shoko.

Chivakashure, kana chivakashure (rakashandurwa kubva muchiLatin zvinoreva praefixus "akabatana pamberi") akataura chikamu neshoko, inomira pamberi mudzi. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti morphemes dzakadaro angava akawanda (1 kusvika 3). Somuenzaniso: Kana mu-kubva-kryvat pa-co-rakabatana uye zvichingodaro.

Zvinoumba prefixes Russian

Most seti-pamusoro mabhokisi mumutauro wokuRussia vari akafanana chimiro, uye dzimwe nguva achishandisa ukoshi, kana prepositional inoramba. Heino mimwe mienzaniso:

• kure-road, kureva kuti, asina mugwagwa;
• askance, kureva, kubva pasi nehuma yake;
• pedu, ndiko kuti, kubva rechiito;
• Hapana-inoratidza - hariwaniki.

marudzi inonyaradza

In mutauro wokuRussia mune chisingaperi inonyaradza, mutable uye wokumwe mutauro. Achitaura vapedzisira, ipapo vari chikwereti, izvo zvinhu pfungwa:

• zvikuru (arch-);
• munhu (sub-);
• kwete (Anti);
• zvose (pan);
• pamusoro (kaunda);
• ne (mhiri) nezvakadaro.

zvisingashanduki chivakashure

Cherechedzai pataidzidza inonyaradza kuzvipa kuchinjika. Ndechipi chikonzero, isu funga pazasi. Zvino mufunge zvichakurukurwa zvose zvakadai prefixes uyewo mashoko prefixes zvisingashanduki:

• Chi- (famba, awane fembera).
• O- (rega kunzi, bindira, kunayisa).
• Va- (nzvimbo, mota, kukura, prank).
• Po- (remubatanidzwa kutenda, kuvimba, akavezwa).
• Pra- (kushandiswa bedzi chinokosha tsika, semuenzaniso, mune ukama rinoreva: sekuru, proto, mbuya, etc.).
• Za- (musungwa, mamakisi, wakaiswa, kunhonga).
• HA (hove, kurwisa, cover).
• Akakurira kutya, mune zvimwe zviitiko nado- (wakatsemuka, kuruma, overstrain, kuinyora).
• Dzinomiririra pacho podo- (nokutsigira, yanyungudiswa, akavavandira kunoshayisa).
• Nekuona, mune zvimwe zviitiko, notation (This chivakashure rinoshandiswa zvinotevera mashoko: ngaakuyire, kugera munhu, yokunzvenga, pukuta).
• Chi- (a aizotangira, sachigaro, kufanotonga).
• The hama, mune zvimwe zviitiko oto- (chivakashure ichi rinoshandiswa mumashoko, kusunda, kutandara, kupa, kuvhura).
• B, mune zvimwe zviitiko, rakennus (ichi chivakashure rinoshandiswa zvinotevera mashoko: tora, zvinonakidza, kuswedera, yokusona).
• Pere (dira, manyowa, skew).
• C, mune zvimwe zviitiko, Co (ichi chivakashure rinoshandiswa zvinotevera mashoko: rakarasika, kutama, neshamwari, kunze, uchipa, vanobwembura, Itai).

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanhu vakawanda chiperengo C uye Co chisingaperi nokunyaradza iri zvikuru chokwadi, kunyanya nemashoko aya, sezvo pano, chero DZAMISA, chivako veko uye utano.

Tsamba lexical dzakabatana dziri kwokutanga anoita "z". Ndechipi chikonzero mutemo uyu? Chisingaperi inonyaradza kuti dzave kukurukurwa kumusoro, hakusi pasina inonzi dzakadaro. Pashure pezvose, zvakanyorwa yunifomu nenzira, zvisinei nenzwi neimwe nzvimbo. Uye sei angatsunga here kuona chivakashure z- kwete pakati pavo. Uye, vose zvavo, yakadai chivakashure muna Russian mutauro haako. Izvi kunosimbiswa ndechokuti mashoko pano chero DZAMISA, chivako dzemo Health uye tsamba "H" ndiwo mudzi uye kwete chivakashure. Ndokusaka vazhinji vadzidzisi vanokurudzira Rangarirai chiperengo dzavo, uye musaedza kuzvishandisa chero mitemo.

To muchidimbu

Zvino munoziva kuti kusachinjika pamusoro tsamba chivakashure - the chivakashure, zvakanyorwa saizvozvo. Nemamwe mashoko, pasinei nenzvimbo yaro shoko rakapiwa, inofanira kushandiswa zvatsanangurwa pamusoro.

Kana iwe yeuka, chisingaperi zvose inonyaradza izvi, ipapo muchagona tsvarakadenga nyore kusika munhu kuverenga mashoko. Pashure pezvose, nokuti yakarurama chiperengo pamusoro morpheme Hatifaniri kutsvaka mitemo zvakafanira kusarudza mashoko pedyo kukosha kuona vataura kana nzvanyira, uye zvichingodaro.

Asi kuti kuyeuka zvose prefixes izvi, uchada nguva yakawanda. Pashure pezvose, havana kudaro zvishoma. Kuti zviite basa iri, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti asaende sezvinotevera: tsamba neimwe iri isingachinji yakatarwa chivakashure ari oga tafura sero kuti uchida kuswedera pamusoro yoga jira. Pachikamu chechipiri (pedyo nomumwe chivakashure), unofanira kupinda vaviri mienzaniso - kuitira kuti vave nyore kuyeuka. Kanoverengeka Tichishandisa ichi tafura pakusika wenyaya, unogona kushandiswa nevasiri kuchinjaniswa mabhokisi, tichidzivisa vanokanganisa.

Mamwe zvakabatanidzwa

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, kuwedzera kune chisingaperi inonyaradza, mumutauro wokuRussia , panewo shanduka, uye dzimwe mutauro. Vapedzisira zvakare kuyeuka. Ita nyore, sezvo vashoma chaizvo. Panyaya shanduka prefixes, muchiitiko ichi, pane zvinetso zvikuru. Pashure pezvose, ivo vari pasi chaiyo mitemo zvizhinji.

Saka, kune shanduka prefixes zvinosanganisira: kusava / magumo, Roses / ros-, vz- / vs-, zvakasiyana / kuparadzirwa, ani naani / Boc, pasi / nis-, iz / IP chrez- (kuburikidza -) / chres- (cheres-). Izvi prefixes vanonzi rakatumbuka kuti "c" uye "z". How kuzvishandisa panguva tsamba anogona kunzwisiswa kubva mitemo zvinotevera:

• Zvakadaro chivakashure chetsamba "s" rinoshandisirwa vataura nemavara, kureva pamberi W, c, m, b, z, z, peji, Q, L, N, d. Maererano tsamba "c", rinoshandiswa pamberi rinyerere nemavara, riri pamberi m, N, Gospels, f, K, X, W, W, p. Mienzaniso inosanganisira: nokukundwa / buruka, kudzidza / unmatched, tote / rokumutsa paradzanisa / pendi nezvakadaro.

Panewo shanduka inonyaradza zvinosanganisira dzakasiyana (marudzi -) / Rose (-ros), uye kodzero / Va-, chi- / pri-. Ndivo pasi mitemo zvinotevera:

• The siyana prefixes (vemarudzi -) / Rose (-ros) muna accented mabhii makanyorwa tsamba "iwe, uye zviri unstressed nzvimbo tsamba" mumwe ".
• Muna chivakashure pra- / Va- akapinza tsamba "munhu" kana paine kukamurwa ukoshi. "O" Zvakanyorwa tsamba mune zvimwe zviitiko.
• The prefixes chi- / pri- akaisa tsamba "e", kana pane ukoshi "kuburikidza", "chaizvo", "zvakasiyana", "chaizvo" (ndiko, pedyo Junction). Tsamba "Ini" rinoshandiswa kana paine kubatana ukoshi, napedyo, napedyo, kuunza chiito kusvikira pakuguma, kukwana chiito kana concomitant chiito.