Commercialization - chinhu chinokosha zvoupfumi pakati vaitungamirira nyika zvenyika

Okupedzisira emakore zvakakonzera nebope chinokosha pakupfuura yemarudzi kusangana mune zvoupfumi bhora. Nyika Tsika inoratidza kuti inonyatsobudirira nzira kusimudzira kwesainzi uye experimental kukura (R & D) vari kungoreva zvinobatsira yezvokutengeserana hukama pakati vechikamu zvose kushandurwa nokuda kwebasa nesayenzi mune chinhu. Nzira iyi inodaidzwa commercialization. It zvachose vechikamu vese vari muitiro, kutangira kubva yokuvaka uye kuzviuraya vanoita zviri zvemari vanofarira kukurumidza budiriro kubudirira kubva zviitiko itsva (nokuti migumisiro yakanakisisa, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa mabasa ari commercialization ari pakati).

Chii panzvimbo ano mupfungwa?

Commercialization - ndiko kuvaka bhizimisi kunobva migumisiro kwesainzi uye kwesayenzi uye kubudirira umo vanyori pachavo zvinobatanidzwa kakawanda. Musimboti muitiro - kuvaka bhizimisi zvichaita vaunze kutsigira zvemari Links. Kazhinji tenda kuti commercialization - ndiwo muitiro kutsvaka uye kukwezva upfumi mamwe kwesainzi.

Commercialization kunoda fanira zvinoriumba dzinovaka. Get upfumi mugumisiro kukura kwesayenzi kunobvira chete chiitiko kuti kuchawedzera munhu makwikwi. Panyaya iyi, kuguma mutengi anofanira nechokwadi yakakodzera chisarudzo ichi, uye pakudaro kuwedzera purofiti kwete kwaari chete asiwo mutengesi.

Michina commercialization

Chinhu ukama zvevanhu vose mukusika munhu marketable inogadzirwa njere pfuma zvinhu (IP) unotiranga vashanduri zvinobatsira. Mune dzimwe nyika dzakabudirira, zviri commercialization kuti ruzivo - ndiyo nheyo makwikwi yaro yose mupfungwa. inoti izvi zviri kuita zvose zvavanogona kuti vave neruzivo uye utsanzi.

For siyana kuti inobudisa commercialization pakati rezvedzidzo pfuma zvinosanganisira kutyora zvibvumirano kuti kushandisa zvinyorwa unyanzvi kugutsikana, mvumo kuti kushandisa "utsanzi", ivo makondirakiti uye subcontracts kuti aurayiwe kwemajoini yokutsvakurudza uye kukura, mari zvibvumirano, kunyoresa iyo yave pakati zvigadzirwa commercialization.

Commercialization kuti utsanzi pamusika

Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha ezvinhu kuti kukura itsva ezvoupfumi pazvinoitwa wemarudzi ose. Kushandiswa itsva yokutengesa - chinokosha chikamu commercialization, saka vaifanira kuridzidza. It is itsva kukura nzira achapedzisira kubuda kubva dambudziko, iyo rinobatanidzwa upfumi munyika. Nokuti mhinduro chinetso ichi ndivo basa, pakutanga, hurumende, sainzi, makwikwi, uyewo vanachiremba pasango itsva yokutengesa.

Commercialization - haisi chiitwa kuti ndehwokuti kuumba uye pave utsanzi-nhumbi pamusoro musika nyika, asi kuti nokuda chete chiito noruremekedzo kuti kumusika pamwe itsva nzira yakagadzirirwa kuti kuronga chaiko musika basa.

Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa nokugadzirwa - iri itsva chigadzirwa uye utsanzi - ndizvo zvinobatsira kuti vatengi vanogamuchira. Naizvozvo, nokugadzirwa inofanira kuva kudiwa pamusoro pamisika nyika, apo makambani uye chaiyo muvambi achagamuchira inotarisirwa kubatsira. Commercialization - ichi haisi kuzvitsinhanisa ari pfungwa yokutengesa, ndiko paradigm pakati itsva yokutengesa zvinhu, sezvazvakanyorwa kwakabatana paumbwe kumusika, ayo kuchinja, chigadzirwa lifecycle zvakanaka, chigadzirwa kana kambani.

The chikuru zvebasa kushandiswa rezvedzidzo pfuma

Tinogona kusiyanisa huru zvinangwa zviviri:

• ekisipoti (rokutengesa) michina ndiye chaiyeiye chinangwa patenting;
• rokutengesa (ekisipoti) nhumbi anobudiswa.

Huru dzekuziva kuti kwokugamuchirwa kuti patenting anogona ona zvinotevera:

• arasikirwe kubudirira ;
• Technical zvechadenga chinhu;
• pane kurayira uye pamusika;
• utsanzi;
• zvinorehwa nokugadzirwa kuti kukura zvesainzi;
• kuvandudzwa makwikwi.

Pari, dambudziko Kusimudzira commercialization zvigadziriswe ndeimwe anokosha chokuita zvoupfumi.