Datya - mhuka kana Tupukanana? Yokuzviparadzanisa pamusoro tailless amphibians

Chii munhu anoziva pamusoro datya uye nzira yaro muupenyu? Monotonous croaking manheru zhizha, zvakanaka chitarisiko (richifadza kutora pamusoro), yakabudikira maziso uye mosikito vavo kufarira zvokudya (kanenge, sezvinoratidzwa cartoons) - iyi ndiyo sangano chikuru shoko "datya". Asi Handizivi: Frog - mhuka kana Tupukanana?

Datya: asi nechitarisiko chavo

matatya Ndivo vamiririri mukirasi amphibian zvikuru zvakawanda. Dzakasiyana kukura (muviri kureba 30 kusvika 250. mm), vari vakapararira munyika yose, pamwe chete zvinoita kunze Antarctica uye Australia. Kuva nemhuri tailless amphibians, matatya, mune zvinopfuura 3,500 marudzi kuti vane zvakafanana nechitarisiko chavo. meno iri yokumusoro shaya, zvakaneta akaratidza lumpy ganda, kushambira makumbo webbed hadzi. datya musoro - pamwe guru bulging maziso maviri, izvo vanodzivirirwa emakore matatu (rezasi, repamusoro uye läpinäkyvä nictitating Kamudzira) uye sezvakarayirwa unokosha zvikuru Mobile kupfuura hove. meso vasati papi kuburikidza mhino, uye vakagadzirira pamwe mavharuvhu kuti azarure kupinda nomumukanwa mhango.

Datya - mhuka kana Tupukanana?

Chimiro yaingowanikwa musoro kunobatsira datya chinyararire hura chayabata: chubvu mumvura, mhuka ichiita meso ake uye mhino, kufema nenzira iyi uye, kufunga zvose, akamirira kuti yaunayo chisvusvuro. Kunzwa wah riri shure meso eardrum. Glass datya rayo zvachose läpinäkyvä ganda ndiye muenzaniso dzepamusorosoro izvo zvinoita kuti kudzidza womukati maumbirwo muviri nhengo amphibians. Kuburikidza zvachose läpinäkyvä ganda anogona zvakajeka kuchengeta mukati. Kutonga tsananguro pamusoro apa, mubvunzo "datya - nemhuka kana Tupukanana," unogona kupa mhinduro yakajeka uye chivimbo: Zvechokwadi, mhuka! Encombrements amphibians vane siyana. Duku iri mumiririri Cuba: kureba kwarwo 8,5-12 mm. Remasangano wacho iyeye amphibians - datya Goriyati, mugari Cameroon. Weight hwaipfuura kubatwa mumiririri kwemarudzi akanga 3 makirogiramu 660 magiramu ane Kureba (makumbo noruoko) 87 cm. Hombe chiratidzazvizhinji kwakadaro uye zvaanofarira mhenyu "panguva huru", achisarudza rekristaro mvura yakachena uye mambo akafanana pamusoro yakatanhamara akatasva pemidengerero matombo.

What anodya datya

Tucked datya - munhu wakachenjera muvhimi, munhu akuvara ari kutyaira vanhu: madandaude, tumbuyu, makonye, slugs uye furaya hove. Zvaakanga kunotsanangurwa remangwana zvokudya, kutamira maonero, datya mumvura anobvumira kuti auye pedyo rokupedzisira uye akadzinga munhu namuka rurimi uko ane zvipembenene rutanda. Datya kukwanisa kumedza chayabata guru, woiisa mune muromo wake rubatsiro forelimbs. Pane zviitiko apo avo vawirwa vakanga kumedza vakanwa mvura pamusoro nhunzi. Chii akadya datya? Chokwadi kuti kumhanya, kubhururuka, zvinokambaira apfuura wake, kuti Uchibviswa; mira chinhu mune anurans nyore haungavhenekeri mubereko.

Mhuri tailless amphibians ndiyo Inonyanya pamusoro building uye inodziya mwedzi. Animal kufamba saka anotaurisa uye nokuveza, kuti pakarepo pachena, uko kwave okuratidza "floats ari datya" kana "nokuuruka somunhu datya." Kuita waruka datya zvikuru agadzirisa makumbo; Izvi zvinoitika kana munhu kusunda simba runodzingira amphibian mberi uye zvichikwira. Kumhara paruchaitika makumbo pfupi mberi. Datya floats sezvo hasha, kutangira kubva mvura hadzi makumbo, izvo riri pakati minwe membrane. Kana ukadzokera kamwe zvakare kujekesa mubvunzo "? Frog - mhuka kana chinhu Tupukanana," mhinduro iri pachena: mhuka!

Namatafi: How zvichiberekana

Kubereka matatya rinowanikwa muchirimo, pashure ichimutsa kubva kuhwanda. Yaipedzerwa mazai-kunonoka zvakasiyana siyana kwemarudzi, kubvira 600 kusvika mazai zviuru 20. Zvokudya tadpoles vari unicellular algae uye majemusi mhuka uye miriwo residues kuora. Kuyaruka matatya vanosvika makore 2-4 pazera ane maonero hunotarisira makore 5-6 upenyu. Pane zvave zviitiko apo nhapwa tailless amphibians kunge zvaiitikawo anopfuura 10 makore.

upenyu namatatya zvakasikwa ndiyo kufarira zvechokwadi nokuda kwayo mumwechete. Saka, vakawanda vavo vakasiya vasina akavatarisa ichinonoka mumvura kana pedyo dura mazai; hanya nevabereki zvakamushamisa chikamu maduku amphibians. Somuenzaniso, varume Surinamese pipa mazai seri munhukadzi nenhongo rhinodermatidae Darwin anovaponesa rinokosha mubhegi huro iyo vakarangana uye akura matatya zvadaro tisingatungamirirwi vakasarudzwa kunze.

Kunyanya ganda matatya

matatya All dzakaonda pachena ganda wakafukidzwa madzihwa, kufambisa kufema kwacho uye chinonditadzisa kupwa padebwe. Nebhitumini Namatafi ganda rine zvinhu kuti muvadzivirire pashamwari tusingaoneki. Mune dzimwe mhando, fuma iri uturu, uye kunyange mhando sedumwa matatya rurege kudyiwa nedzimwe mhuka. Saka, museve matatya uye phyllobates kuti vanogara Central neSouth America, govera zvikuru zvinouraya zvinokachidza panyika. Paaiva panyika mwando huri madzihwa runopwa, apo amphibian chisanyanya mari huru. Chikonzero ichi kuti nzvimbo matatya ari panokwanisika sezvinobvira kwavari nyoro nharaunda. Upenyu datya zvakasikwa yokuvaraidza; An dzinonakidza ndechokuti zvinokambaira usanwa mvura, achizadza kushaikwa kwayo uwandu kuburikidza ganda. Pakati zvose hama iyi kumeso-ganda inomira kubuda mvere datya; Vanhurume zvipenyu izvi panguva maberekero inotaurwa ganda bvarurwa chakatodzana bvudzi. A maitiro chinoratidza datya mvere ndiko kukwanisa kubudisa munguva ngozi nenzara, izvo, kuboora ganda, achiumba Nomumakomba mu minwe.

The ganda iri muchetura matatya?

Nenzira, ganda kuti muchetura matatya munguva dzekare akashanda huru pakuderedza iri kugadzirwa nomuchetura kuti miseve; mumwe munhu akanga zvakakwana kuti girisi 500 dzakabatana. About uturu matatya zvinogona kuonekwa inopenya, kutsutsa garish ruvara. Saka, uturu-museve matatya datya - ugere South America - kunyange ane chitsama 2 milligrams anogona kuuraya munhu.

Bemhapemha zvinobatsirawo kuti tivhare mhuka; mutungamiri munzvimbo iyi anonzi mossy datya, iyo akabatanidza zvinenge zvakakwana kwezvakatipoteredza, kunyange maziso ake tikafunga chikwindi nepaburi distinguishable. Zvinokosha datya mhando iyi yakakurumbira zvikuru pakati mafeni pamusoro zvekumwe vanoshuva kuchengetedza nayo inovaraidza. Beautiful kupenda pakati vamiririri dzinopisa uye akakoshesa maererano: mari kana mumwe chete, uyo anoziva kukwira sei zvikuru pamatombo uye miti yakareba, kusvikira 75 madhora.

Amazing zvinhu pamusoro matatya upenyu

tembiricha muviri amphibians zvakafanana ambient tembiricha. Akashuma kutevera chokwadi: vaigara Alaska muti datya munguva yechando Ndinoda kuti zvokuti anova chimedu chando. In mamiriro ichi nechando amphibian haasi kufema, ropa kuparadzirwa uye mwoyo basa kugumira. With kutanga kwematsutso thaws mhuka takasununguka, zvishoma nezvishoma achidzokera dzose upenyu. Izvi akasiyana Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika, inokwanisa akatakura tembiricha yakaderera panyika, pane mashoma rudzi, nhengo dzakawanda mukirasi iyi havagoni kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.

Matatya vane zvakawedzera kukwanisa kurarama; Mienzaniso iyi vave zvakanyorwa kupfuura kamwe. Muna 1835, imwe wokuEngland akaona sei pasi chikuva yakadhirika uye yarega pakati chidhina sandstone, uye kubva ayo mhango datya Akasvetuka achibuda. Uye pane zvikuru dzechokwadi mishumo immured mugomba namatombo matatya varipo vazhinji; Izvi chete anosimbisa rakasiyana mano matatya kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa.

Kana aigona kubhururuka datya?

Izvi amphibian mubishi yemhindumupindu akadzidza kubhururuka kupukunyuka saizvozvo pavavengi. Anozivikanwa zvinobhururuka zviitiko, anokwanisa kunyange kushandura trajectory ose (dzimwe nguva richisvika 12 metres) refu minwe splayed webbed. Matatya havasi pasina rubatsiro kwevanhu, vanokwanisa kuisa nyika zvinyorwa. Saka, muna akaronga zvikuru kwavari makwikwi mu kwenguva kusvetuka, yakaitirwa 1977 muSouth Africa, datya zita remadunhurirwa Sandtzhi dzakamusvetukira 10.3 mamita!

Kufanana matatya kukurukura nemumwe?

Kutaurirana pakati matatya kunoitika pasingasvikirwi siyana kwevanhu nzeve kuburikidza nokushandisa ultrasounds kunze womunhu kunzwa. Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa ruzha dzinogarisana nokuda amphibians, umo zvatinosiita kuti munhu pasi frequencies dzinosiyana dambudziko. Kwakadaro zvinhu kunosimudzirawo matatya kujairika nzvimbo yacho auditory nhengo; eardrums dziri seri meso, mukati chaiwo mhango. By kubvuma, nyanzvi, izvozvo urongwa anobvumira nzeve kukurira mvura matatya ruzha pakuona dzinogarisana. Chinonyanya vociferous matatya pasi simba kukurukura nharaunda anoverengeka makiromita. Kubva achidanidzira bullfrog, akanzwa kokutanga uye chokuita nokuomba chihombe mhuka inotyisa, unogona pasinei kuti zvitsitsinho zvavo pasina nokutarira shure.