VaViking: kutungamirira akasiya Normans mu European mutsika

The Normans - vanhu asingatyi uye rusununguko-rudo, ane dandadzo kufarira aiva zvakapambwa dzimwe nyika. Kare, rudzi urwu zvehondo nguva vachirwisa napamaguta European nemisha, unopfuta uye zvose munzira kwayo achiparadza. Chii chinofanira akasiya Normans mu European mutsika, uye nei iri nokukudzwa wavo ainzi rose panguva? Sei simba ravo yakanga yakasimba zvokuti emakore akawanda gare gare, shoko "Viking", sapakutanga, chinokonzera kudedera mumwoyo yavanhu?

Ndivanaani vaiva VaViking?

The VaViking, kana Normans - ndiwo marudzi kuchamhembe, vakawanda vavo vaigara dzekuma Scandinavia, uyewo pamusoro munharaunda muDenmark ano. Kutonhora kwekunze uye dzine mabwe mapani havana kuvatendera ivhu, saka, vaisagona kukura zvokudya zvakakwana. Saka Normans akavhiringidza nyika pedyo zvokudya zvekupa mhuri dzavo.

Pakutanga shoko "Viking" rainzi gungwa rutsigiro, asi nokufamba kwemakore uye vafambisi vechikepe vakatanga vanozviti VaViking. Hazvisi varume chete akaenda kunyika itsva, vakadzi kutevera sutu, uye vanotyisa murwi akabereka rokuti "Valkyrie."

European tsika pamberi vasvike VaViking

Asati atendeuka kuti kudzidza zvinofanira vasara kuna Normans mu European mutsika, zvinokosha kunzwisisa chii chaiva pamberi dzasvika. Mumazuva iwayo, kuva chaiyo pakupera VII remakore, Europe yakakamurwa kuva umambo dzakawanda duku akaita kuti zviomere madzinza zvehondo.

Nhoroondo European tsika hunonyatsobatana kune yeRoma. Simba Papa panguva yakanga isiyo, uye mabhishopi nevapristi akaona kuti mirairo yake yose vakaurayiwa zvakarurama uye pasina kana kukakavara. Muchiitiko chino, mitemo iyi chokuita kwete chete vanhuwo asiwo kwamachinda. Pashure pezvose, pasina vatsigire Church rokutonga kwaMambo kana Duke angadai kupera ipapa kupfuura yakakodzera musi.

Kana zvikoro, zvakavapo panguva abbeys uye dzemamongi. Kudzidziswa ikoko chete vana wokuushe nevapristi ramangwana. vana munhuwo vaisagona kuenda kunzvimbo dzakadaro, kunze mashoma chaizvo nyaya.

Viking Age: Normans akasiya zvikasawanirwa iri European mutsika?

Kana, kuguma VII remakore pamberi, ivo VaViking vakarwisa uye vakapamba mumapoka maduku mumhenderekedzo yegungwa guta chete, nokuuya remakore idzva, zvose zvakachinja chaizvo. Kutanga kubva Norman marudzi VIII remakore vakatanga vabatane vachitungamirirwa nevatungamiriri simba - madzimambo. Zvino, kurwisa avo aronga, yakarurama uye mheni. Army, mumwe pashure perimwe akabvuma pasi pavo nevezera, uye vabati, achitya kuti musoro wake, akaripira navo mutero sokubhadhara.

Hazvishamisi kuti European chaizvo tsika panguva VaViking vakatambura zhinji kuchinja. The Normans vaiva vahedheni, mwari wavo mukuru One. Kutenda uku pamwe chete kuti dzakapararira yakakunda nyika, vaKristu vakawanda vakatora pamusoro payo navo, nekuti, sezvo vakafunga, uyo haadi vamwari akapa Norman ane simba.

Asi VaViking vakadzidza zvakawanda zvemo vagari venyika Europe iri Anglo-Saxons uye Franks. Izvi kunyanya kureva maindasitiri zvakadai zvokurima, nokuti Normans zvizvarwa akawanda shure panyaya iyi kubva kuvavakidzani ayo.

Ndokuguma ari Viking yaitonga iri pakati XI remakore, akasiya munhoroondo okupemberera zhinji uye ndangariro hondo huru. Panguva iyi vazhinji amarudzi Normans akanga atamira kune kondinendi, vamwe vavo kunyange vakava vaKristu, uye vakashumira vari yamambo.

Alfred Veliky

Kutaura zvinofanira vasara kuna Normans mu European mutsika, mumwe anogona kukanganwa pamusoro zvakadai kunozivikanwa manhamba sezvo Alfred Veliky. Akatonga England ari pakati IX remakore. Murume uyu akanga ari mutungamiri Anglo-Saxons uye kwenguva refu nguva kupa vakaoma kurwisa kuti Normans. Zviri nemhaka kubudirira kwake hondo VaViking, iye akawana mukurumbira uye nokukudzwa nevanhu vake, saka akava mambo.

Panguva yokutonga kwake Alfred akatendeuka London kupinda rimwe remaguta makurusa mu Europe. Akavaka pachiteshi, akaronga kuti yenzendo, kusanganisira kuIndia, uye paakapiwa yakawanda nesimba kupinda dzidzo hurongwa. Ndiye chirevo pamusoro pakuvhurwa University of Oxford, uyewo akavakamura England kupinda mumaruwa uye Shira.

Uye izvi zvose zvakaitwa zvinogoneka chete nemhaka Normans dzavo dzinotyisa nokurwisa, vakabva zvakatungamirira kuti paumbwe Alfred Guru.