Cornea - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikamu dzevanhu ziso

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zvikamu kwevanhu ziso ndiwo cornea, izvo zvinodzivirira kubva kukuvara uye zvirwere. Zvisinei, iye vanoshupika chaizvo, pachena kuti zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.

Cornea anodzivirira mugove nechemberi uye ainge akamonererwa kuita raundi chokunze pemvura ziso; Rine hapana tsinga kupa ruzhinji yevanhu munyama, zvakasiyana Manyiminya homogeneity. To qualitatively refract chiedza, kuti cornea anofanira kuva segirazi, kuvapo midziyo vashomashoma kuchaita kuvhiringidza izvi. The refractive cornea ziso riri 43 diopters. simba kwayo anogamuchira kunonyanya kubva misodzi uye aqueous humour pamberi yomukati.

Cornea kazhinji zvichienzaniswa girazi maawa, akaiswa mugomba puranga, sezvo curvature pamusoro cornea pachayo yakati kupfuura curvature yacho sclera. Cornea ine shanu akaturikidzana, nerimwe riine inokosha nerevane kwayo: epithelium, Descemet kwakaita Kamudzira, Bowman kwakaita layer endothelium, stroma.

Front rukoko - epithelium - rinoumbwa sandarara polygonal masero. Next ndiyo paiva Bowman - homogeneous structureless pamberi ndiro muganhu. Chaizvoizvo pacharo corneal stroma fuma anonzi kuti rinoumbwa mutete chaizvo connective matete, rakatumbuka nemumwe ine muzvizhinji kuti usingaoneki fibrils. In basa ane namira fuma anoita mucoid kuva kwaro sezvamunoita sulfogialuronovuyu asidhi kuti anopa zvinhu pachena pamusoro cornea. The stroma harina midziyo ropa, uye ari zvishoma nezvishoma kufefemuka. goko Descemet vake, kana Kamudzira, mumwe shure, munhu gobvu kwazvo, pamuganhu ndiro, fibrils ayo panofanira kuva zvinhu chaiyo iri akafanana kuti collagen; izvozvo regenerates zvakanaka. The endothelium (corneal epithelium kana kuzvimutsira) - munhu gobvu paiva hexagonal contiguous prismatic masero sandarara. rukoko Iri basa pachena pamusoro cornea uye haina yakadzorerwa.

The nemamiriro cornea vari 80% mvura, 18% of zvachose collagen, anenge 2% mucopolysaccharides, lipids, mapuroteni, C mavhitaminzi, B, et unto. Ita vakwegura cornea rine mari mavhitamini uye mwando duku zvikuru, zvinonzi akatonga globulin, mapuroteni zvikamu zviduku uye iiswe karusiyamu munyu uye lipids. Mhedzisiro Kuchinja idzi kuchinja yezwi iri cornea (the limbus) iri sclera - iri scleral akaturikidzana vanotanga 'yokuturika "pamusoro cornea uye rinowanika atumidzwa gerontoxon akaderedzwa corneal nehanya uye ayo simba refractive. Uyezve, yekudyidzana nayo akaderedza permeability kuti ziso madonhwe, mafuta uye zvokudya.

The aikanganiswa of cornea (innervation) trigeminal tsinga. Kunyanya yakawanda tsinga harinzwi ari zvachero akaturikidzana, mudukusa - iri endothelium. In vachangoberekwa vacheche, cornea haanzwiri tsitsi nemhaka kukwana kukura ari cranial tsinga, uye pazera remakore gore rimwe, ayo utetsa iri rinenge kufanana nedzevakuru.

Nokuti chokuti cornea - chokunze goko weziso, zviri kuramba neVadzidzi kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza. Naizvozvo, pane chinokosha zvigadziriswe kudzivirira pakukuvadza kunoita kubva kunze uye kukuvara:

1. Reflex Kuvharwa kwemaziso;
2. Flushing pamwe corneal zvinokuvadza vamiririri achishandisa lacrimal mvura;
3. The kufambira uye kwakakwana kupora kubva epithelium.

zvirwere Major of cornea vari: zvokukura abnormalities, dystrophic uye anogumbura pezvakaitwa (sclerites keratitis) uye anomera.

meso keratitis kana corneal kuzvimba pathologies pakati rakajairika. Keratitis muri exogenous uye endogenous. Kakawanda, pashure kutambura keratitis ari dzisavhiringidza pamusoro cornea kunosiyana nekuomarara. Maererano kusimba mugore uye kukosha kwayo kusiyanisa gore muchimiro tsanga, makwapa uye makore. Thorn ari mudanga dzisavhiringidza pamusoro cornea, riri kukonzerwa scarring, corneal vaitonga chikamu kana hwose cornea. Spot - vairamba zvikuru corneal opacity unopinza micheto pamusoro arikunze kana pakati. Gore shoma Blurred pfumbu ruvara izvo asiri atora panguva kuongorora.