Dynamic zvirongwa, dzinokosha

Kusarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mhinduro kana kuita zvirongwa mabasa dzimwe nguva kunodiwa kugadzirisa yakawanda mashoko anofambidzana kuti Akagutsa kuyeuka pachake kombiyuta. Nzira dzakadaro dzinosanganisira, Somuenzaniso, zvirongwa nzira "kamura uye kutonga". Panyaya iyi algorithm rinopa dambudziko kuparadzana kupinda yoga subtasks zvidiki. Nzira iyi rinoshanda chete idzodzo zviitiko apo subtasks duku dziri vashanduri akazvimirira. Kuti tidzivise kuita zvisingakoshi basa kana pasina Sub-mabasa, anoshandisa simba zvirongwa nzira aronga American R.Bellmanom ari 50s.

The nzira

Dynamic zvirongwa ndiko kuona Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mhinduro yacho N-dimensional dambudziko, achibatanidzwawo wake N unoparadzanisa nzendo. Mumwe nemumwe wavo Sub-basa panyaya imwe shanduka.

The chikuru mukana nzira iyi inogona kunzi kuti Developers muzvirongwa rimwe-dimensional dambudziko Optimization subtasks pachinzvimbo N-dimensional dambudziko ane, uye chinangwa chedu chikuru chinoenda kuti "pasi-up".

Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa simba zvirongwa Muzviitiko uko Sub-mabasa vari zvinodyidzana, kureva kugoverana zvakafanana modules. The algorithm inopa chisarudzo nerimwe subtasks kamwe, uye okuponesa mhinduro rinoitwa munguva chaiyo tafura. Izvi zvinoita kuti kwete ngaaverenge mhinduro pavakasangana zvakare pamwe chete Sub-basa.

Dynamic zvirongwa basa anopedza dambudziko pamusoro Optimization. Muvambi nzira iyi akagadzira pedyo R. Bellman optimality musimboti: chero kutanga mamiriro nechimwe matanho uye mhinduro rinorondedzerwa danho iri, vose zvinotevera kusarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri chokuita nehurumende, izvo anogamuchira hurongwa pakupera danho.

The nzira anovandudza chokupika mabasa kugadziriswa pachishandiswa dzakasiyana, kana recursion.

Building basa algorithm

Dynamic zvirongwa algorithm kunosanganisira kuvakwa mabasa zvokuti basa saka iri huviri kana kupfuura subtasks kwayo yokugadzirisa rinoumbwa ane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri huchagadzirisa subtasks zvose, chinosanganisira. Uyezve, zvinokosha kuti vanyore dzokororo ukama, uye pakuverenga ari optimum parameter tsika kuti basa rose.

Dzimwe nguva, musi 3rd danho iri nomusoro mamwe mashoko okuwedzera pamusoro mberi neimwe basa. Izvi zvinonzi kudzoka nevanga.

Application nzira

Dynamic zvirongwa rinoshandisirwa kana paine mbiri yo zvinhu:

• Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nokuti subtasks;
• kuvapo muna dambudziko pindana subproblems.

Kugadzirisa dambudziko Optimization kubudikidza simba zvirongwa, unofanira kutanga kutsanangura nemamiriro mumushonga. The basa anofanira kuva Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kana mushonga rinoumbwa zvakanakisisa zvasarudzwa subtasks ayo. Muchiitiko chino, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa simba zvirongwa.

The pfuma wechipiri dambudziko, zvinokosha iri nzira iyi, - vashomanana Sub-mabasa. Recursive mhinduro yacho dambudziko vachishandisa chete pindana Sub-matambudziko, uwandu iyo kunoenderana ukuru kutanga mashoko. Mhinduro anochengeterwa chaiyo tafura, chirongwa anoponesa nguva achishandisa mashoko ichi.

Kunyanya chinobatsira kushandiswa guru zvirongwa kana basa iri chaizvoizvo vaifanira kusarudza nezvishoma. Somuenzaniso, funga muenzaniso dambudziko yokutsiva uye yokugadzirisa midziyo nyore. Toti pamusoro kuraswa muchina fekitari kuti pagadzirwe matai panguva kuita tai miviri yakasiyana siyana. Kuri kuti rimwe siyana rapera, zvakakodzera nekukatanura muchina. Zvinonzwisisika kuti dzimwe nguva nani kutsiva uye kechipiri fomu kuti nekukatanura muchina kana uye chimiro ichi chichava unworkable inotevera danho. Kunyanya kubva zviri nyore kutsiva vose kushanda chimiro vasati vatanga akundikane. Dynamic zvirongwa nzira anosarudza akanakisisa nzira iri nyaya yaitsiva siyana izvi, kufungisisa zvose zvinhu: kubatsira mberi siyana vanozivikanwa kurasikirwa muchina downtime, mari inobviswa matai uye zvakawanda.