Features ano kutaurirana nehurongwa

Pakutanga, izvi pfungwa angaita zvakafanana, asi ivo anoreva zvakasiyana zvachose.

Cipher inzira rokutendeutsa mashoko kuitira kuidzivirira kubva nesanktsionnovanih vanoshandisa. Sayenzi kuti vanodzidza nzira uye date encryption nzira inonzi cryptography. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kare midzi cryptography vamwe setsikawo mazwi nemauto: kurwisa muvengi, code, etc. - Ivo zvakarurama kuratidza zvairehwa kuMudzidzisi pfungwa. Zvisinei, uto mazwi, kwakavakirwa rokuti "bumbiro" hazvinei chokuita yokungotaura cryptography, nokuti emakore achangopfuura vanowanika Coding dzidziso - huru munda nesayenzi kuti zvidzidzo uye anovandudza nzira mashoko kudzivirirwa panowanikwa anongoitika zvikanganiso pakukurukurirana makwara. Saka, achiti "Coding - mufananidzo encryption" pfungwa iyoyo yakarasika.

Encoding uye encryption vari titsigire, asi mumwe nomumwe azvaiitwa ine chinangwa chawo. ruzivo Coding rinoitwa kuti mashoko maererano nemimwe mitemo muchimiro akakodzera hutachiwana pamusoro imwe gwara. Chinoumba chero yeEncoding hurongwa ndiyo kwemasvomhu notation sezvo kurekodha mapatani, kwakavakirwa iyo munhu anogona kuwana chero nhamba Codes siyana. Kazhinji, asi Codes dzinomirira hungiso ose binary Kwemagandanga Achishandisa Kombiyuta (kurekodha kwakadaro Ndezvomuzvarirwo kushandisa kana achitumira uye kuchengeta mashoko makombiyuta).

date encryption - nzira rokutendeutsa ruzivo kuna AI kudzivirira kunze komutemo kuwana. Saka, shoko iri encrypted zvokuti zvinova zvisinganzwisisiki, uye coded - kuramba zvakajeka kunyange pashure kuchinjwa kudyidzana chiteshi, izvo zvinogona kukanganiswa ruzha. Coding ruzivo vanofanira kuderedza hunhu rugwaro ane vashoma vacho (kureva, Coding anofanira Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri), uye kuziva uye akarurama zvikanganiso zviri kupararira uye kuchengetera ruzivo (Coding kunofanira kwokururamisa).

Naizvozvo, kana uchida kupfuura mashoko imwe kubatana, saka kuti panguva goho kuwana mashoko echokwadi chakavanzika vanofanira chokubatanidza zvose kutendeuka muitiro, zvinoti:

- Kutamisirwa mashoko mamwe nhamba hurongwa (dzimwe nguva zvakakwana dzikwanise kuva binary hurongwa notation, asi kune vamwe, semuenzaniso, binomial, fibonachieva etc.);

- Encrypt shoko (pane zvakasiyana-siyana encryption nzira, kubva pakagadzwa Codes inosvika vekare);

- Vakagamuchira encrypted shoko kuti encoded kuti goho shoko rinofanira inonanga decoded;

- bata shoko unofanira kuziva uye zvakarurama zvikanganiso kuti munguva kupararira shoko;

- Decrypt shoko maererano encryption kuitwa (nokuti yatumira uye mugamuchiri unofanira kutanga kupindirana encryption nzira). Kazhinji, nzira iyi rine vakawanda nzira, uye "kiyi". Chinokosha yakatarwa pakati umboo nokududza chaiyo Kutendeuka muzvizhinji ose Cipher Kushandurwa;

- Vakagamuchira shoko kuchinjirwa kubva vakawana nhamba gadziriro chepakutanga.

Saka, dziviriro uye yakarurama hutachiwana mashoko inoda yakawanda nesimba. Mazuvano, ane simba Michina kombiyuta nyore zvikuru iyi, asi hazvibviri nguva decrypt shoko, kunyanya kana kiyi zvisingazivikanwe achibatsirwa kwemichina. Nokuda zvipingamupinyi zviri hova mashoko anogona kukanganiswe, saka kushandisa mitoo yakadai Coding kuti anogona kuona uye kugadzirisa kukanganisa.

Saka, pamusoro aakaudzwa chiteshi shoko zvitange. Shoko akagamuchira iri zvakaongororwa parity nhamba vezvikwata: kana nhamba iri kunyange zviumbu kuti nokufungidzira kuti hapana zvikanganiso, uye kana decoding vanoramba rokupedzisira digit. Kana nhamba vezvikwata Zvinoshamisa, shoko kumutuma zvikanganiso. Zvakaipira Nzira ichi ndechokuti unokubvumira chete kuona zvikanganiso pasina uchivagadzirisa, apo kudzokororwa code kwete chete anoona asiwo anomururamisa zvikanganiso.

Saka, mumwe nomumwe zvinotevera nzira Coding ane Zvisinei, zvainovhiringidzawo ayo, nzira idzi kutamba guru kukosha mune Coding dzidziso uye ndivo hwaro chokuvakira Codes kupfuura akakwana. Munguva yedu, iyo Hamming Codes anoshandiswa, Nagoya, Reed -Myullera, Hadamard, etc ..

Tichishandisa ciphers sei kudzivirira mashoko kubva kunze komutemo kuwana zvinoreva pane nzira dzakawanda naro unogona patsanura ciphers. Kazhinji, pfungwa kupatsanura anonzi:

a) shoma Kushandisa ciphers;

b) ciphers vakawanda Kushandisa paruzhinji-kiyi;

c) Codes-kuudzawo hwevatambi kiyi.

Muna 1963, ivo American yemasvomhu Klod Shennon kushandisa nzira chete akava tsvakurudzo Cipher mathematically isimbiswe kuti mune zvose dzenhoroondo ciphers sezvo mifananidzo zvinoriumba anotevera nzira encryption sezvo Codes uye ciphers kuvhenganisa vaparadzirwa.

Pfupiso Cipher akapararira ndiko redistribute redundancy bhuku iri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana Plaintext. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, pamwe kuzvitsinhanisa munhu finite nhamba zvinhu P, inova risingazivikanwi kiyi. Saka, nhamba zvichibvira makiyi akaenzana P.

Kana deciphered kushandisa Ivan Kuchin kuzvitsinhanisa. encryption kwakadaro, kunyange haina chokuita kakawanda tsamba, asi kuvanza kakawanda bigrams, trigrams, etc .. The musimboti wenyika Cipher vaiitawo iri kuti ukama pakati kiyi uye encryption rugwaro kuita kudaro kunzwisisa sezvinobvira. kushandiswa zviri nani kuzvitsinhanisa vamapoka anoverengeka zviratidzo shoko nearufabheti, kunyange zvazvo inotungamirira ndechokuti kiyi anova yakareba.

Kuvaka cryptology ano sezvo sayenzi inobva raora chokwadi uye pfungwa wemasvomhu, wefizikisi, mashoko dzidziso , etc .. Zvisinei, pasinei kunzwisisa, nokuwanda yokungotaura mberi cryptology zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, zvakadai mapurasitiki makadhi, e-mail, bhangi muripo hurongwa, pamwe nezvimwewo kuunzwa Databases, zvemagetsi dzokuvhota enyika, ..