Binary: svomhu uye useability

Kubva pauduku tinodzidziswa kuti zvinhu hunokosha muupenyu akura: kuti chero matanho ari nyore netsika kutaura, kuverenga uye kuverenga. Zvichida vose anoyeuka zvakaoma sei yakapiwa mamakisi ari kukireshi kana kuchikoro chepuraimari, zvakanga zvakaoma kujaira kuperetera nenhamba. Kwapera nguva, tiri saka kujaira chokuti zvose kunobva kuna grade hurongwa (mamakisi, mari, nguva), kuti haritombotauri chifungidziro kuvapo dzimwe gadziriro (uyewo zvinowanzoshandiswa muminda siyana, somuenzaniso, mukurima kana mumunda IT ).

Mumwe ava "dzisiri mureza" nhamba zvaungasarudza chinhu binary hurongwa. Sezvo zita rinoreva, rose akagadzirwa vatambi mairi inoumbwa 0 uye 1. Kunyange zvinoita nyore, asi binary gadziriro rinoshandiswa akaoma zvevakomana hwokugadzira mano - makombiyuta nezvimwe zvoga zvivako.

The mubvunzo unomuka: sei kusarudza kuti iwe kuishandisa, nekuti murume nyore zvikuru kutarisa zvatinosiita 10 nhamba? Chokwadi chokuti kombiyuta - muchina unomhanya nemagetsi, uye zvayo nyoro stuffing chokwadi, nyore algorithm yezviito. Binary maitiro nemaonero kombiyuta rinofananidzwa rimwe akatevedzana zvakanakira:

1. Nokuti muchina varipo 2 inoti: kumhanya kana kwete, pane kuitika kana pasina kuitika. Mumwe nomumwe inoti izvi vanoonekwa ne mumwe kutaurwa: 0 - "kwete", 1 - "hungu."

2. The binary (binary) hurongwa anobvumira kurerutsa mudziyo machipisi (i.e., zvakakwana kuti migero maviri emhando akasiyana anonongedzera).

3. Hurongwa uyu zvishoma asingatani kukanganiswa uye kutsanya. Ruzha kutapata nokuti nyore uye zvinoita kuderedzwa ngozi-software kukundikana, asi nokuti binary nemasvomhu zviri nyore zvikuru realizable pane grade.

4. Boolean akavhiyiwa pamwe binary nhamba kuti nyore. Kazhinji, pfungwa nemasvomhu (Boolean) raireva kuti kunzwisisa kuoma dzinotsanagura chiratidzo transduction mukugadzirwa makombiyuta.

Kana ukadzidza kubva zvekushandisa dzakagadzirirwa, iwe zvimwe zvinokosha kumiririrwa nhamba binary chimiro. Kazhinji, munhu asina ruzivo munyaya dzakadaro, svomhu akavhiyiwa pamwe 0 uye 1 zvinodiwa kuti kunzwisisa kombiyuta, iro zvechokwadi wose ane zvizere.

Saka, pamwe razero uye mumwe anogona kuita zvakafanana svomhu kushanda sokunge kwakajairika nhamba. Munyaya ino, hatisi funga akavhiyiwa zvakadai inversion, Kuwedzera modulo 2 uye vamwe (evasingatombonamati chaicho).

Funga kuti kuwedzera mune imwe binary ino. Somuenzaniso, kuwedzera nhamba mbiri: 1001 uye 1110. Sezvo rokupedzisira zvinoyerera, Kumbofungatira: 1 + 0 = 1, ipapo 0 + 1 = 1, zvinotevera: 0 + 1 = 1, uye pakupedzisira 1 + 1 = 10. Total tine nhamba 10111.

Kubvisa munyika binary nhamba hurongwa kunotevera chete mazano. Tora iyoyo nhamba somuenzaniso, asi ikozvino bvisa 1110 kubva 1001. Kuwana pamwechete rokupedzisira digit: 0-1 = 1 (kubvisa 1 anotevera chechetere), hereinafter kunzi mharidzo. Total 101.

Division uye chokuwanziridza vane zvikuru kusiyana tichienzanisa nheyo tiri kushandiswa kune grade chimiro.

Kuwedzera binary, ternary kureva kombiyuta, octal uye hexadecimal nhamba enyika.