The rinofarirwa kupfuura nhamba hurongwa

nhamba gadziriro - ichi inzira chaiye nhamba kunyora vachishandisa dzakananga akagadzirwa nhamba - chaiwo vatambi. Wakaisa uyu nhamba rudzi nearufabheti, kuburikidza iyo munhu anogona kuverenga zvakanyorwa nhamba.

Mukuita pakukura yebudiriro yakaitika mugadziriro nhamba kunyora zvakawanda. Chokutanga chaiva yakasarira yeChina, zvimiti kana nezvikokovonho, vane nhamba akaenzana nokuwanda zvinhu kuverengwa. Sezvo nhamba aigona kutaura uye earufabheti, uye kunyange mabhii kutaura. Pakupedzisira, zvose zvekare uye ano nhamba gadziriro inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikwata zvitatu: asi positional maitiro nonpositional uye zvakasiyana.

In nepozitsionnyh hurongwa uremu uye zvinorehwa nenhamba havasi zvakananga novimba incumbents idzodzo nzvimbo. Panguva iyoyo vakaisa mitemo vamwe pamusoro sezvakarayirwa nhamba yavo nzvimbo vachikwira nekuburuka hurongwa. Somuenzaniso, akakurumbira sezviverengo Roman - nayo nepozitsionnyh nhamba hurongwa.

Kana hurongwa nemifananidzo zvakananga uremu dzinosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nzvimbo kutevedzana, inova nhamba wakanyorwa, kuti hurongwa anoonekwa kuti positional. Somuenzaniso, nhamba 888 rakanyorwa zvakafanana sezviverengo, asi vane zvakasiyana kusanganiswa ukoshi zvichienderana vakatora nzvimbo 8 vamazana, makumi 8, 8 dzakabatana.

Chero positional ezvinhu dzinoratidzwa chawo. The positional Hurongwa nechigadziko - inhamba akasiyana zviratidzo kana mavanga, iyo inoshandiswa kunyora nhamba iri kupiwa ino. Sezvo mujinga anogona kuita chero integers zvakanaka. Saka, zvinokwanisika here avake isingaperi nhamba dzakasiyana Positioning enyika. Iye zvino zvikuru akashandisa grade hurongwa, binary, octal uye hexadecimal. Ngatitaurei vakurukure navo zvizere.

arşive maitiro

Akauya kuna Europe kubva kuIndia, uko kwakanga kusina paya kupfuura 6 fung remakore BC The Hurongwa anoshandisa 10 digits - kubva razero mapfumbamwe. Kana ruzivo urwu unotakurwa kwete chete nhamba asiwo nzvimbo nezvarinomiririra.

nhamba 10 aro papi zvikuru nokuda grade hurongwa. Last ndeuke rworudyi chikamu nhamba rinomiririra nhamba vezvikwata, kunoteverwa nhamba vemakumi, nemazana etc.

Chikonzero kukurumbira uye kuwanda munyika yacho grade ino ndechokuti wokutanga kuverengwa umhare munhu akanga ake. Kuwanda minwe uye akava pokutangira kuverengwa hurongwa.

binary

ino inoshandisa nhamba mbiri - mumwe uye razero. The Hurongwa rinoumbwa vanoverengeka maviri uye masimba aro. The rightmost digit inoratidza nhamba vezvikwata kuitevera - vari vaviri vaviri, zvino - mana, eights, etc.

Ane mukana binary gadziriro chero dzinongoitika nhamba anogona kunyorwa sezvo kutevedzana kwezviitiko Kwemagandanga Achishandisa Kombiyuta. Zvisinei, mashoko binary notation inogona encoded kwete chete nhamba, asi mifananidzo, mafirimu, magwaro, maCD. Zvazviri, binary Coding iri rakatangwa zvakarurama nyore, saka chichiri kushandiswa mumunda kwemichina.

octal

In ichi masere digit vakaverengwa hurongwa - kubva razero kusvika manomwe. Munguva shoma nhamba 1 rinoreva kuerera chikwata - uyewo ari grade mugadziriro. Asi anotevera buditsa Unit zvinoreva 8, ipapo - 64 nezvakadaro. The nhamba 100 rakanyorwa octal yekubvuma achiverengwa somunhu grade 64.

Kutendeutsa octal nhamba 611 kusvika binary hurongwa, zvakakodzera kutsiva mumwe digit ari binary nhamba zvinoenderana vanamwari vatatu vatatu. A neizvi shanduro binary nhamba wemuTesitamende octal zvakakodzera kuti govera mariri vanamwari vatatu vatatu kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe, ipapo kutsiva ose matatu digits zvinoenderana digit yacho octal hurongwa.

The hexadecimal hurongwa

Number akanyorwa octal, atova anotarisa zvikuru tsindirana. Asi hexadecimal hurongwa unokubvumira kunyora zvakatonyanya tsindirana. Kubva 1st kuti rechi10 digit munyika ino inoshandisa zvatinosiita kutevedzana - kubva razero mapfumbamwe, asi seizvo nhanhatu digits (11 kusvika 16) rinoshandiswa tsamba nhanhatu dzokutanga earufabheti Latin.

Sezvaiitwa yapfuura hurongwa, asi nhamba mumwe LSB anoreva chimwe. Munyaya inotevera kuerera, izvozvo ichichinja 16 (kubva grade ino), kunyange zvinotevera - 256 (kubva grade hurongwa). Kana nhamba F umire LSB, rinomiririra grade nhamba 1.

Forward uye neizvi kuchinjwa ichi kuna binary nhamba gadziriro chinoitwa zvakafanana kuti apa kuchinjwa kuti octal hurongwa.