Uhhorod: kuona. Nhoroondo yeUhhorod

Transcarpathia (Uzhgorod inofungidzirwa kuti iri guta guru) inyika isingakanganwiki ine nyika inofadza inokwezva vashanyi kwete kubva kuUkraine yose, asi kubva kumativi ose enyika. Inzvimbo ine nyika-inozivikanwa mineral chemithombo, horticulture uye viticulture centre. Iyi chikamu cheUkraine chinonzi "goridhe yegoridhe". Iko kune masango akawanda, minda neminda yemizambiringa pano. Chete muTranscarpathia ndiyo makomo nemipata yemakomo, yakafuma mumatsime ekurapa emigodhi yakabva, ndeyekunaka kwakasiyana. Uye pakati pezvose izvi kunaka kune nzvimbo yakakura uye yekare yeUhgorod - guta rinonakidza neyakaitika, rakagadzirwa uye zvinotaridzirwa.

Guta rine nhoroondo yemakore anopfuura chiuru

Iyo nyanzvi yeHungarian munyori wenhau Shimon Kezai inoratidza kuti Uhgorod yakatangwa muna 872. Zita razvino reguta rinoti iyi ndiyo kugadzirisa kunowanikwa pamusoro peRwizi Uh. Nhoroondo yeUhhorod yakakura, seguta pachayo. Ndiyo imwe yemisha yekare yeTranscarpathian yeUkraine. Ndiyo nzvimbo yaro yekare uye yepamatunhu. Nhoroondo yemuguta ine makore anopfuura 1100. Panzvimbo yezuva ranhasi Uhgorod, munguva yekare, paiva nemisha yekutanga. Mukurumbira pakati pavo ndeavo vaiva vevaSlav.

Nhoroondo muDetail

Nhoroondo yekare, kwemazana emakore akawanda, paiva nematatu emaguta-Zamkovaya Gora, Radvanka naGorjani. Mepu yekare yeUzhorod uchapupu hwakanaka hwechokwadi ichi. Kwapera nguva pfupi kubatsirwa kwakapfurikidza kupfuura kune imwe nzvimbo yakavakirirwa ku Castle Hill. Muzana remakore rechipfumbamwe, rusvingo rweguta-rakakomberedzwa rwakava guta rekutanga rekugara-guta, iro raitungamirirwa naChristine Laborets. Muna 903, madzinza eHungary, pasi peutungamiri vevatungamiri veAlmo naArpad, vakaparadza Gungwar nhare yemazuva mana. Mariri, pamwe nemasoja ake, kudzivirirwa kwaiitwa neChristian Laborets. Sezvo masimba akanga asina kukodzera, mutungamiriri akakundwa, uye kugadzirisa pachako kwakapiswa. Asi mushure mechinguva, varidzi vatsva vakavakazve guta racho. Asi muna 1806 Uzhgorod zvakare akakundwa nekurwisa kwekutesk Khan. Akange asina kutarisirwa kutora guta.

Mukutanga kwema1940 ezana remakore rechi12, Uhgorod zvakare yakatsva. Muna 1248 guta idzva riri kuvakwa mune imwe nzvimbo itsva (nzvimbo yemazuva ano yeGoryany). Muna 1290, Uhgorod yakapinda simba kuUgric Chancellor Obo Omodya. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi14, guta racho rakaparadzwa zvakare. Uye muna 1312 akapfuura mumaoko aPeter Pete. Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemana ezana remakore rimwechete chikoro chokutanga chakazarurwa muUzhorod.

Iko kushandiswa kwezana re XIX-XX pakuumbwa kweUzhgorod

Kusvikira kutanga kwezana remakore rechina, guta rakagadziriswa nedzinza dzakasiyana siyana nevatongi. Munguva iyi, aive kazhinji akaparadzwa uye akaberekwa zvakare. Akapona nguva dzekuwa nekupenya. Pano pane kukura guta guru chaizvo , iro zvishoma nezvishoma asi rakakonzerwa. Mazana ezana remakore rechi19 nemazana makumi maviri aiva nemasimba makuru pakuumbwa kwayo. Uhgorod, uyo maonero ake anogona kutaura zvakawanda pamusoro penguva ino, muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe rakakundwa nehuwandu hunoshamisa hwehupfumi. Kubatana kwehurumende kwakatanga kukura munyika yose yeTranscarpathia, kunyange zvazvo mafekitari okutanga akaonekwa muhutungamiri hwehuMwari, naizvozvo nzvimbo yeguta yakawedzera kazhinji. Pakazosvika 1837 kwaiva nemigwagwa 36 muUzgorod.

Ugric revolution, iyo yakaitika pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nemana, yakakosha zvikuru kuUhgorod pakati pezviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika. Mumazana makumi matanhatu imba yekutanga yekudhinda neIkrainian font yakazarurwa pano. Makore mashomanana gare gare, pakarepo pakave nekugadzirwa kwechitsuwa, chifambisi chezvitima, fekitari yefenicha.

Hondo Yenyika Yenyika Yakaderedza zvishoma nezvishoma kufamba kweguta. Muna 1919, kugadzirisa kwakava chikamu cheCzechoslovak Republic. Yaiva panguva iyi iyo guta rakawana kukwaniswa kwemazuva ano ekugadzirwa. Muna 1938 Uzhgorod akatamirwa kuHungary, uye munguva yefascism yakazova kambani yehondo yeuto reHungary. Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri haina kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru muguta racho, asi huwandu hwehuwandu hwevanhu hwakashanduka zvikuru. Mushure mokuguma kwemhirizhonga Uhgorod inotanga kuwana zvayo zvemazuva ano.

Zvitsva zveguta

Guta rakafanana neUhhorod rinosangana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenhoroondo, zvivakwa zvekuvaka, magwagwa akasiyana-siyana uye marudzi ese emamamziyamu. Uhgorod, uyo anoona zvinhu asingagoni kusiya chero munhu asina hanya, anozviti Kereke yeRoma Katurike yeSt. George (George). Iyi chivako chekuvakwa chakavakwa muzana remakore re XVII. Yakanga yakavakwa na Yu. Druget panzvimbo yekereke yeLutheran, iyo iye pachake yakaparadza. M. Bercheni - mutsigiri weDruget - aibatanidzwa mukuenderera kwebasa rekuvaka. Pamusoro pebhero shongwe yeimba iyi pane maawa anoenderera mberi achishanda kwemakore anopfuura zana nehafu.

Chimwe chido, icho chinozivikanwa nezvose art art connoisseur, ndiyo inyanzvi yemu Museum (Zhupanat House). Chivako ichi ndechekutanga kwezana remakore rechina. Inogadzirwa nenzira yekuyananisa uye pakutanga yakanga yakagadzirirwa kuiswa kwe zhupanat (zvivako zveguta). Kubvira pakupedzisira kwema-70-yezana remakore rapfuura pane musamuti anonzi J.Bokshay.

Icho chikuru pane zvekuona

Ukraine, Uhgorod kunyanya, inozivikanwa nokuda kwezvivakwa zvayo. Guta rimwe nerimwe munyika ino rine imba yaro, iyo vagari vose vehurumende vanogona kuzvikudza. MuUhgorod, chiratidzo ichi chakakosha, nokuti chakasara kwete zana rimwe chete uye chaiva nenguva yekuona zvakawanda zvinofadza uye zvinoshamisa. Kuyeuka kwekutanga kweimba iyi yakadzokera kuzana remakore rechipfumbamwe. Munguva iyi, yakaita sechinhu chakavezwa chehuni. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechigumi uye yekutanga kwemazana emakore imba yebwe yakavakwa muguta. Icho chaiva chimiro ichi chisina kukurirwa nekurwisa kwekutesk Khan. Nhare (Uzhgorod), kufanana neguta pachayo, yakapfuura kubva ruoko kuenda kuruoko. Yakaparadzwa kanoverengeka, asi mumwe mutongi mutsva akaiumba zvakare uye akaita shanduko yayo kune iyo. Akanga ari pasi pekutonga kwevose vaHungari, vaItaly, uye vaFascists. Akatsungirira zvinhu zvakawanda, asi akakwanisa kupona uye zvino anokwira pamusoro peUhgorod sechiratidzo chesimba, simba uye kusagadzikana.

Nhoroondo dzeimba

Uhhorod, uyo maonero ake akazara muzvinyorwa, nhema dzinonyangadza zvinyararire kune vanotarisa, uye zvichida nhau dzechokwadi dzakabatana neizvi kana kuti chivako. Asi "mutungamiri" maererano nehuwandu hwenhepfenyuro dzakave runyerekedzo inhare yemahombekombe. Mumwe wavo anotaura kuti kumabvazuva kweimba iyo yaimbova yemakuva apo Druget, Bercheny nevamwe vanovigwa. Uye kumaodzanyemba kwechivako panguva yakakodzera Drugets yakavakira imba yevatongi vevatongi veMutungamiri Pauro. Asi iyo mhondi yakaparadzwa kare kare. Panzvimbo yemamatare, uye kumakuva nhasi ndiyo Transcarpathian Museum-Skansen. Uye kana pane mweya, saka, zvichida, inoratidzika kutanga kune yose pano, uye zvino inotanga kudzungaira kune imwe nzvimbo yose.

Castle Sculpture

Iyo yadhi yeimba iyi yakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yemusango weshiri - turul. Uhgorod, uyo anoona zvisikwa zvake mazambiringa akaomeswa, anozvirumbidza nemuongorori uyu. Mushure mezvose, kune vaHungari, shiri iyi yakanga iri rudzi rwechiedza. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rapfuura, bhaeliski yakagadzirwa panzvimbo yechitubu ichi, iyo yakasvika kusvika mamita 18. Yakashongedzwa nehutu, yakadururwa kubva mumhangura. Mushure meHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, chivigiro chakabviswa, asi pakupera kwema80 chakanga chavakwazve zvakare. Izvo zvakave zvakavezwa zvakaendeswa kuTranscarpathian Museum of Local Lore.

Usatikanganwa isu

Uhgorod ndeimwe yemaguta ekare eUkraine, asi nguva dzose inogara ichiri muduku. Iye ane ushamwari kune vose vakokwa naye uye anoda kuagamuchira ivo mundima yake. Iyi i "shanduro yeEurope." Akarambidza zvakanyanya, akakwanisa kupora shure kwekuita seasingawiri mavanga, uye nhasi anopa vashanyi vake ushamwari, kunaka, rugare uye kuseka kwakanaka.