Mykolayiv nzvimbo. Nikolaevsky wesuwa reMykolayiv. Mykolaiv region, Ukraine

Mykolaiv ruwa rweUkraine nechepamusoro muguta reNikolaev sehurumende yekusimudza yakasimuka mumakore ekupedzisira muna 1937. Kusvika iye zvino, ine nzvimbo ye 24,598 square mita. Km, ine zvikamu 19, misha 822, 17 misha yemaguta, maguta gumi nematanhatu. Nikolaev nzvimbo inogarwa nevanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni.

Historical yapfuura

Nguva yekupedzisira Paleolithic ndiyo nguva iyo nyika dzeNorth Black Sea nzvimbo inotanga kugadziriswa nevaScythia, maGreek makoloni, Sarmatians. Muna 1415 vaLithuania vakagadzira nhare yeOchakov.

Kubva muna1526, vaTurkey vakakunda nechokuchamhembe kweUkraine, iyo nharaunda pakati peDniester ne Southern Southern rivers. Vanomutumidza kuti Yedisan. Iyi nzvimbo yaive muUtoman Empire kusvika muna 1774. Mushure mehondo yeRusso-Turkish, nharaunda yeYedisan inopinda muRussia, uye makore gumi nemasere gare gare, pasi pesungano yekuyananisa, Turkey iri kunyorera kubva kumadokero munharaunda kubva kuSouth Bug River kuenda kuRussia.

Nheyo dzeNikolaev dzinowira muna July 1788. Nokufamba kwenguva, ndima iyi yakabva kune imwe nzvimbo kuenda kune imwe. Izvo nevaGerman vanogara, nyika ino inowanikwa muruwa rweKherson. Kubvira muna 1922, nyika yeNicholas yakave yeruwa reOdessa. 1937 inoratidzirwa nekugadzwa kwepamutemo kwehutano hwemasangano ekutungamirira kunyika. Inosvika Nikolaev. Pashure peGreat Patriotic War (kubvira muna 1944) zita iri rekutungamirirwa rakagoverwa mundima iyi.

Economy of the region

Muchidimbu kondinendi yemamiriro okunze, chernozem ivhu, huwandu hwe nzizi hunobatsira kukura kwekurima. Anopfuura mamiriyoni maviri mahekitare aNicholas nyika inyika yezvekurima, iyo nyika inobata mbeu inosvika mahekita 1,7 mamiriyoni.

Dzinokura zvikuru zviyo, shuga beet, sunflower, nemiriwo. Mukuwedzera, vanodyara minda, mazambiringa, mbeu yekudyara mbeu. Itaiwo kukura nyama nemiriwo yekurima.

Kuwanda kwehova, dziva, matanda ndiyo inotarisirwa pakuumbwa kwebhizimisi rekubata hove, uye kuwanika kwegungwa kunobatsira pakusimudzira kwekushanyirwa, kuvaka. Dunhu rekupedzisira rinomiririrwa nemasangano matatu makuru ekuvakisa ngarava: "Gorosi rekuGadzira Shipuriro", "Plant Shipbuilding anonzi pashure. 61 communards "," Damen Shilyards Okean ".

Zvinopfuura 60 mabhizimusi emabhizimisi aripo paNicholas land (ingayenzi, metallurgy isiri-ferrous, zvokudya, magetsi). I Mykolayiv inowanikwa basa guru muhupfumi hweUkraine (3.6% ndiyo inharaunda yenharaunda yekutengeserana kwenyika kune dzimwe nyika).

Upfumi hwepanyama hweNicholas nyika

Nokufamba kwenguva, miganhu mishanu yeMykolayiv yakaumbwa: kubva kumabvazuva - pamwe neDnipropetrovsk neKherson nzvimbo, kuchamhembe kune nzvimbo yeKirovograd, kumavirira kumadokero kune nyika dzeOdessa, uye kumaodzanyemba yakashambidzwa neGungwa Dzvuku. Zvinhu zveNikolaevsky zvinotora nzvimbo yemasango-steppe uye steppe, asi nzvimbo zhinji iri muGungwa Dzvuku.

Mepu yemuMykolayiv ine ruzivo nemitsinje 85, iyo yakawanda yakaoma. Iyo yakakura ndeye Southern Bug, Ingul, Ingulets. Kuvonga kunzizi uye gungwa, zvina zvisingadziviriki (gungwa) zvinoumbwa pano: Dnieper-Bug, Tiligul, Bug, Berezansky. Mukuwedzera, 13 000 mahekitare eNicholas munharaunda inotora dziva, matangi uye mamwe mamiriro emvura.

Nharaunda yacho yakafuma uye yakavezwa matanda. Anopfuura mahekita zviuru makumi manomwe akafukidzwa nedondo, apo maoki, pine, poplar, acacia inowanzo. Kurutivi rwokumusoro kwenharaunda yacho yakazara munyika yakazara yepasi, uye kumaodzanyemba yakazara chestnut uye masikati chestnut ivhu.

Uyewo nzvimbo inowanikwa mumigodhi yemari: chivakwa, dombo rakagadzirwa, granite, jecha, limestone, kaolin, sement uye ivhu-tira zvinhu zvakasikwa.

Dunhu reMykolaiv nzvimbo: Arbuzinsky naVoznesensky

Guta rekutungamirira reNikolaev musha ndiMykolayiv. Nharaunda yacho yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu 19.

• Arbuzinsky. Nharaunda yaro inopfuura makiromita makiromita makiromita. Kune nzizi nhatu dzinofamba nomunharaunda iyi: Southern Bug, Arbuzinka, Gungwa Rakafa. Heino paki yakakurumbira yepaki nemasara emakomo ekare pamusoro pemvura yakadzika. Iyi paki - "Granite-Steppe Pobuzhye" - inosvika zana zana yematongo ekuchera matongo, yakachengetedzwa nguva yedu. Kuburikidza nemunyika idzi kune imwe nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa inonzi "Trikratskiy Les" ine nzvimbo 247 mahekitare, apo maoki emakore mazana maviri anokura, mawere emvura anogara mumakoloni , kune dziva rinodiwa nevabati vehove vose, masango akasimwa nelabyrinth nemhando dzose dzemakwara uye mabhiriji.
• Kukwira. Inotakura nzvimbo ye 1392 square meters. Km. Tichifunga nezvenzvimbo yemhuka "Pobuzhye". Nzizi ina dzinopfuurira nomunharaunda: Southern Bug, Arbuzinka, Deadhead, Gniloy Elanets. Vanhu vekumaruwa vanonyanya kukosha.

Domanevsky, Pervomaisky, Novobugsky, Vralievsky

• Domanevsky. Nharaunda yeruwa inenge 1 458 makiromita makiromita. Nzizi ina dzinopfuurira nomunyika idzi: Southern Bug, Chertala, Chichikleia, uye Bashkala. Panzvimbo iyi panewo nzvimbo yePaki Granite-Steppe.
• Pervomaisky. Ocucues nzvimbo ye 1319 square meters. Km. Kune nzizi mbiri dzinofamba nomunharaunda: Sinyuha uye Southern Bug. Kuburikidza nenyika idzi dzinopfuura nharaunda yepasikisi yepanyika "Pobuzhye". Kune vanhu vanopfuura 66 zviuru zvevanhu. Guta rePervomaisk, Mykolayiv munharaunda, rine nzvimbo inotungamira mumabhizimisi (masvingo ekugadzira, mishonga yezvokudya, uyewo mukaka-canning, kusona, kubudisa dizizi).
• Novobugsky district inowanikwa munharaunda ye1243 makilomita makiromita. Nzizi mbiri dzinoyerera dzichifamba nenyika idzi - Ingul uye Sofiyivka. Panharaunda yedunhu kune paki "Priingulsky" ine nzvimbo ye 3152.7 hectares. Mune zvayo pane mairi maviri ("Sophievskoe reservoir", "Pelageevsky") uye temberi yaSt Michael's nunnery.
• Vradievsky. Zvikamu 801 square meters. Km. Nzizi mbiri dzinoyerera nharaunda yacho: Kodyma uye Chichikleia. Mugwagwa mukuru wenyika yose M-13 (inonziwo Poltavka) uye kero yeKotovsk-Pervomaisk inopfuura nomunharaunda.

Mykolaiv region: Elanetskiy, Berezansky, Ochakovsky

• Dunhu reElanets rine makiromita gumi nematanhatu. Rwizi Gniloy Elanets runofamba nharaunda. Munharaunda pane nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa yakasikwa "Elanetskaya Steppe" ine nzvimbo ye1675.7 hektare, kubva muna Kubvumbi kusvika munaOctober iwe unogona kutora rwendo rwokuti udzidze nhoroondo yezvakachengetedzwa, kuziva mairi uye zvipenyu zvaro, nekushanyira zoo.
• Berezanskiy. Nharaunda iyi munharaunda ye 1378 square meters. Km. Kumabvazuva kwenyika iyi Bereza iri mugungwa. Nharaunda yacho inosanganawo nemiganhu yenzvimbo yeTiligul, iyo Tiligulsky yenharaunda yenzvimbo yepaki iripo, iyo inowanikwa mune imwe nzvimbo yakasiyana. Kutanga, pane maruva emasango epasi pano, uye chechipiri, kune mhepo yakasiyana-siyana yemhuka uye nzvimbo yechitatu, uye chechitatu, iri denga ndiro dhamu rakachena muGungwa Dzvuku.
• Ochakovsky. Occupies 1488 square meters. Km. Kune zvidimbu zviviri (Dnipro-Bug, Berezansky) uye yakakurumbira yekuchera matongo uye yezvakaitika kare "Olvia". Guta reOchakov igungwa reGungwa Dzvuku.

Veselinovsky, Bratsky, Zhovtnevy, Novoodesky

• Veselinovsky district ine nzvimbo ye1245 makilomita makiromita. Nzizi mbiri dzinoyerera nharaunda yacho: Southern Bug uye Chichikley. Nharaunda yekugadzirisa inowanikwa munzvimbo iyi. Panzvimbo yemusha weKokrovka kwaimbova nhare yekutanga kweMiddle Ages, asi kusvika nhasi iye haana kupona.
• Fraternal. Nharaunda yenharaunda iyi 1129 square meters. Km. Nzizi mbiri dzinoyerera nomunharaunda: Mvura yakafa uye Kostovataya. Hapana maonero anokosha, kunze kwekuti mukurumbira weSoviet uye chiKukraine munyanzvi wenyika, playwright, mutevedzeri wemitambo Saksaganskiy Panas Karpovich uye mugadziri, anogadzira magetsi emagetsi Benardos Nikolai Nikolaevich akaberekerwa munzvimbo ino.
• Zhovtnevyy. Inotora nzvimbo ye 1460 square meters. Km. Nzizi mbiri dzinoyerera: Southern Bug, Ingul. Panharaunda yeruwa kune vanhu vane zviuru makumi mashanu vane vanhu vakawanda vekumaruwa.
• Nharaunda yeNovochkdez ine nzvimbo yakakwana ye 1 428 kilometer square. Pano rwizi Yuzhny Bug runoyerera.

Munharaunda dzose dzataurwa pamusoro pemusha weMykolayiv, nzvimbo yose inowanikwa pamusoro pemaguta uye maguta makuru emaguta.

Krivoozersky, Nikolaevsky, Bashtansky, Bereznegovatsky, Kazanovsky, Snigirevsky nharaunda

• The Krivoozersky. Inotora nzvimbo ye 814 square meters. Km. Rwizi rweSouth Bug runoyerera nechechirwere cheKodym. Nharaunda yacho haina zviyeuchidzo zvepanyama, asi inozivikanwa nokuda kwekuti mukuru weSoviet mukuru, mukuru we USSR, Yermeyev Boris Romanovich akaberekwa pano.
• Nikolaevsky district of Mykolaiv inharaunda inosvika 1430 makiromita makiromita. Rwizi rweSouth Bug runoyerera. Guta reNikolaev igungwa reGungwa Dzvuku. Kuburikidza neguta rekutungamira ndiyo nzira huru yekukosha kwenyika yose M-14 uye neEuropean eE-58 mugwagwa.
• Bashtansky. Nharaunda yenharaunda iyi 1706 square meters. Km. Panharaunda yaro kune nzizi mbiri: Ingul neGromokleia. Nharaunda yekugadzirisa inowanika.
• Bereznegovatsky. Occupies an area of 1264 sq. Km. Km.
• Kazankovsky. Nharaunda yenharaunda iyi ndeye 1349 makilomita makiromita. Nharaunda yeRwizi Visun.
• Snigirevsky. Occupies 1395 square meters. Km. Panharaunda yayo rwizi Ingulets runoyerera. Inenge 48 zviuru zvevanhu vanogara.

Brief conclusions

Pfuma yemasikirwo yakaisa mazano emharaunda ye Mykolaiv: hove uye zvekurima, indasitiri, kutumira, kuvaka zvikepe, kutashanya. Nzvimbo yacho yakagadzirwa nemugwagwa, tereji, kutakura mvura, kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzomunharaunda. Iyi nharaunda inokosha kwete chete maererano nehuwandu hwezvitsva zvezvisikwa, asiwo inobata basa rinokosha mumutengo wenyika yose (inorema: 3.1% - kutengeswa kwenyika, 1.4% - kutengeswa kwenyika).

Nhasi, vagari vomuguta vanowanzopfuura muna 68%. Vakawanda vese pano vamiriri vemarudzi akadaro sevaUkraine, vaRussia, vaByelorussia, vaMoldovans, vaBulgaria. Armenian, vaJudha, Korea, Azerbaijan, Germans, Tatars, Poles, Magypsi vanogara munharaunda. Mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa chiUukraine uye chiRussia

Imwe chete Mykolayiv region (Ukraine) inobatanidza 89 zvivako zvepanyama zvakasiyana-siyana, makambani emabhizimisi akasiyana-siyana (51% yezvikamu zvose zvenyika) uye zvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa zvezvakaitika kare (nzvimbo dzemauto emasitori, nzvimbo dzekare dzechiGiriki, mamamamziyamu, machechi, kumakuva ezana remakore rechi18 ).