Mamaev kuKurgan muna Volgograd. Mamayev Hill - History

nyika yedu ine akasiyana iri nhoroondo inonakidza, izvo zvinoratidzwa mapurani nzvimbo, zvirangaridzo, sezvivako. nzvimbo dzakawanda dzinokosha vose dzemarudzi Vagari yeRussian Federation, izvi zvinosanganisira Mamayev kuKurgan muna Volgograd. Nhoroondo pakuvaka chirangaridzo kunzwisisa akakodzerwa chiitiko, uyo Kukudzwa yakavakwa.

Mamaev kuKurgan

Maererano Masayendisiti akawanda uye vanhu vanogara Volgograd, chinoshamisa nzvimbo zvakaoma kufungidzira. Sei izvi chikomo shoma aizviti vakundi zhinji zvokuti vade panyika, iyo akabatsira nevanozvitsigira vake, uye nei izvozvo yakakura wandei vabatwa kuti murwi? A yakawanda zvakavanzika uye ngano dzakapoteredza nzvimbo uye shongwe pacharo.

Where akaita zita "Mamayev Kazan '? Nhoroondo mubvunzo uyu haapi mhinduro yakajeka. Kune shanduro dzakawanda, imwe neimwe ine nevatsigiri vayo. Rakajairika ndiro zita chokuita Khan Yechinwiwa Horde, Mamai. Dzidziso iyi inobva pakuti pachikomo chiri memasvingo Tatars. Kazhinji zvakataurwa mune mitauro shanduro zita, vanhu veko akadana kukwirira "ano" iri mumutauro Volga Tatars shoko iziviswe se "Mama". Imwe pfungwa anodudzira shanduro shoko "Amai" pamwe drevnetibetskogo sezvo "mai wenyika."

Urefu 102,0 - sezvo rakatumidzwa panguva zvikuru zvakaitika zviri Second World War. Mumwe venhau akadana pachikomo "murwi", uye mashoko iwayo aiva ouprofita. Nhasi iye vakawanda guva. Chero zvazvingava, Mamaev kuKurgan mu Volgograd - nzvimbo kwete chete kune nyika yakakurumbira, asiwo zvainoreva mazhinji vanhu Russian.

Nhoroondo murwi

Volgograd Zvivako nenzvimbo nzvimbo inokosha munhoroondo mumisasa dzedu muchiuto, kunyanya huru chirangaridzo kunzwisisa kuna guru uye ropa zviitiko zviri Second World War. Munguva Hondo Stalingrad akanga akareba 102 chinhu sokuronga kuchikosha, zviri kakawanda vakapfuura paruoko mumwe kukakavadzana. Izvi imhaka nzvimbo yomugariro nomurwi - nayo kunopfuura yose munzvimbo, vachibvumira iwe kudzora kwete chete guta asiwo kuyambuka Volga, uye Trans-Volga.

Hondo nokuti Mamayev kuKurgan aiva kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda munhoroondo yehondo. It rwakatora mazuva 135, uye hondo nokuda Stalingrad - mazuva 200 uye nousiku. The kurukundo muhondo iyi vakakunda mauto eSoviet, zvakanga pakataurwa kubatwa 102 uye kukwirira mureza hoisting. The kukunda dzimwe Stalingrad yakachinja muhondo, kukosha uye unoratidza nedambudziko chirangaridzo kunzwisisa "Motherland".

Mamaev kuKurgan akava nzvimbo vanhu vanopfuura zviuru 34 vakafa achidzivirira Stalingrad uye rakapoteredza kuvigwa. Pashure pehondo, ichi charred uye yonhuwa mabara, anoshongwa kunyika kwenguva refu aishanda shongwe kune umhare zviitiko navose vakafa nokuda kumusha nguva. Pfungwa kuzomisa shongwe pachikomo muna 1959, mudzidziso vari chirangaridzo Magamba Hondo Stalingrad, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro Mamayev Hill.

Chirangaridzo kunzwisisa

The chirongwa ramangwana Monument yakagadzirwa refu. All-Union makwikwi, raisanganisira kwete chete ezvivako, vemifananidzo nemainjiniya, asiwo vose hwavanokonzera kuyeuka mazuva iwayo, rakapera mumakore 10. I. V. Stalin pachake vakasarudzwa mukuru murongedzeri EV Vucetic, pasi ani aishanda vavezi vemabwe boka mainjiniya uye ezvivako. Mamaev Mile Volgograd rinomiririra mapurani uye STRUCTURAL sezvamunoita, iyo unobatanidzwa pfungwa uye dzidziso mutoro. The zvachose nzvimbo chirangaridzo kunzwisisa hwunopfuura 26 hectares, urefu - 1.5? Km. Nerimwe sculptural boka akasiyana nevamwe, asi anopa mukana kuona mufananidzo yose umhare uye zvinosuwisa kuti 1942-43. Basa rwakatora makore anopfuura masere, kubva 1959 kusvika 1967, munguva iyi yakawanda sculptural uye mapurani pfungwa zvakachinja, ari Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri youinjiniya zvinogadzirisa, akasika zvikuru kuratidza sculptural siyana zvakawanikwa.

The kunzwisisa

To musi, shanyira shongwe anogona kuva munhu. Vanhu vazhinji vanobva siyana kumatunhu nyika yedu huru vanowanzotevedzera kuona nemaziso avo zvikuru Monument of War Huru - the Mamayev Hill. Tour of zvakaoma usingabhadhari, vashanyi vakawanda pre-vaimuziva, asi vose anoti ari chete akashanyira panguva pakakwirira ichi, zvinokwanisika kuti vazive heroism ari kutsigira Stalingrad uye kunzwa simba chokurangaridza. Sculptural boka zvinotevera kuti:

1. Pamukova nzvimbo rurefu rusununguko "Memory kwezvizvarwa".
2. Mukoto, yakashongedzwa Lombardy yemishambangwena.
3. The sculptural boka "Mirai kusvikira Death" pamusoro eponymous pachivara.
4. High kusunungurwa, inomiririra matongo Stalingrad pashure hondo yapera.
5. Heroes 'Square.
6. Akakura ruyamuro.
7. Military Hall Vakakurumbira.
8. Kutambudzika nharaunda, muzinda iyo - rwiyo "Yokuchema Mother".
9. Misa guva.
10. "Motherland Kudanwa" - nechepakati chivezwa ari chirangaridzo kunzwisisa.
11. Low vakawanda guva.
12. All Saints Church.
13. Military Memorial Cemetery.
14. Arboretum mujinga zvakaoma.

"Memory zvizvarwa"

Munzvimbo yokutanga chirangaridzo ari rusvingo-soro zororo kuratidza vanhu vakatakura maruva, mireza, nezvishongo. Sezvo nemimba neMweya ezvivako, mufananidzo rinomiririra ndangariro zvizvarwa, kuti Feat ari kutsigira Stalingrad haazokanganwiki. Kukotamira varwi vakanga vakapa upenyu hwavo rugare uye rusununguko nyika yedu, achapiwa zvose sapamarudzi vanhu Russian. Uyewo ari mativi pane Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda, riri kuna gamba-guta. Gumi niches vanounganidza girenayiti urns pamwe nenyika kubva kunozivikanwa kumaguta. Kuenderera nharaunda anoshumira yemishambangwena mukoto urefu 223 metres uye upamhi 10 m.

Nzvimbo 'Mirai kusvikira Death "

Masitepisi dzakagadzirwa girenayiti ndiko kuguma nzira wemishambangwena. It rinopera dziva nharaunda, izvo dzimba kuti chivezwa kuti "The War." Gamba aine pfuti muruoko anoitwa kubva monolithic block ibwe. sezvamunoita izvozvi anomiririra yakaomesesa nguva Hondo Stalingrad, apo ushingi ravarwi eSoviet vakaputsa yomuvengi kudavira invincibility yake. Under chimvuramabwe mabara uye anoshongwa pamusoro muvengi vaiva vanhu vakanga vakazvidza rufu uye akatarira chake. Warrior anosimuka kubva ake yechizvarigo. Iye anomubatira achinditsigira akavimbika kupfuura zvinotyisa awa yehondo. An nzvimbo "Mirai kusvikira Death" kupedza manera zvinosanganisira matanho 200 - mazuva nousiku, hondo nokuti Stalingrad.

ungwandangwanda

Pamwe matanho kuti kukonzera pakati chirangaridzo zvakaoma muchimiro rusvingo rakakwirira 18 uye 46 metres refu akaita Bhanabhasi-zororo. Pamadziro - yose nyaya yacho umhare yokurwisana. Vakabayiwa makomba bara kwavo pechiso zvemapuranga magwaro acho chaiwo mishumo kubva pachimiro hondo. Kusarira rinonzwika nechokumashure - akanzwa nziyo makore hondo, izwi Levitan raMwari rinobudisa mamiriro ezvinhu panguva fronts, kuburitswa ruzha muhondo. Patsva ngozi kuitika nguva, kuti abudise mweya nevanozvitsigira kurutivi rusvingo yasara kuburitswa mhiko Stalingrad.

Heroes Square uye wokuratidza ruyamuro

Kuti kupinda Hall of Military Kubwinya, vashanyi zvose Mamayev Hill ndivo divi nzira achishandisa hombe pool, izvo muzhizha uzere mvura. Heroes Square, migove miviri. Kurudyi pane sculptural mapoka. Dzinokwana nzvimbo nhanhatu dziri pano, chakagadzirwa nekongiri, mamita matanhatu kumusoro. Vanoratidza chaiye hondo mifananidzo zviitiko muguta. E100m mureza zvinopindura kurutivi rworuboshwe zvakanyorwa pemitsara kuti mafungiro uye neguta Stalingrad nevanozvitsigira. Akakura ruyamuro - rusvingo pamusoro iyo vemifananidzo vakaratidza pachimiro kurwisa Soviet, kukunda kwavari, chokunyengera varwi muvengi.

Hall Military Kubwinya

Kuisa cylindrical chimiro, riri pakati ane shanu-mita ruoko vachisimudza husingaperi womoto, rinoreva zvikuru kuziviswa mifananidzo zvaizobatsira Volgograd Attractions. Photo uye mufananidzo mapurani chinhu chinogona kuwanikwa zvinyorwa zvakawanda. Hall iri kuna husingaperi ndangariro kwevaya vakafa hondo kuti Stalingrad uye Mamayev Kazan. Padenga kuvaka rinoratidza mamiriro mibayiro pamadziro - 34 tsvuku mireza, imwe neimwe ine mazita varwi vakafa. Eternal Flame nguva dzose kuisa maruva uye nezvishongo, magamba hatina, vasara nokusingaperi murwi.

Kutambudzika Area anovhura vaya vabuda Hall Vakakurumbira. Center ndiye sculptural boka "Yokuchema Mother". Mashoko haagoni kuratidza kusuruvara zviuru vanamai, vakadzi uye vana ivavo varwi vasina kudzoka kubva kuhondo. Lake misodzi runopoteredza shongwe, rinokwira mu haiperi kurwadziwa pamusoro pemvura. Mamaev kuKurgan muna Volgograd - shongwe Kukunda Great uye kutambudzika kukuru avanhu Soviet Union.

"Motherland Kudanwa"

Pride rinotaura wose anoona yose chokurangaridza kunzwisisa uye ayo nechepakati Monument. Sculpture "Motherland" - chiratidzo nyika yedu, kusanganisira maguta akadai Volgograd. Mamayev kuKurgan (mapikicha makore hondo, nenguva erection ari shongwe, nhasi zviri kugara kudiwa, kufarirwa kuti chirangaridzo rinopfuura pamwe nguva) vanoedza kushanyira vose vakakokwa veguta kuona meso ake anokubwinya.

Kusvika panguva chivezwa "Motherland" rwuripowo mazita 10 soro munyika. Panguva iyoyo, iye kwakapfuura zvikamu erection kukwirira uye vakapinda mune Guinness Book of Records. The munondo chifananidzo (33 mamita - Kureba munondo) - 85 metres, zviri negomba mukati uye akapa vane esimbi tambo gadziriro kudzivisa kuparadzwa. Woman murwi kudana navanin'ina vake kupinda muhondo vose kuti aidaro munyika ino - ichi rinowanikwa kwatiri Motherland. Chifananidzo pamire yakakwirira murwi, nheyo yakavigwa pasi muvhu, kamari nechigadziko anopa kunzwa nenyama multi-tani mamiriro. Usiku, "Motherland" iri yakavhenekerwa Spotlights simba. Inogona kuonekwa kubvira pose muguta, uye nomunondo imire pamusoro Volga. Mujinga ari shongwe iri kuvigwa ravarwi navatariri, vanhu vanoda kusvika 35 zviuru vakavigwa pamusoro mujinga ari murwi. Kusvikira nhasi, hapana chokwadi kuti vose varwi yakawanikwa, kupfuurira Zvakafukunurwa yakawanikwa mapfupa hwakatamisirwa Military Memorial Cemetery, hwakasikwa ichangopfuura iyi kuti chinangwa.