Financial pamisika. Financial musika vechikamu Russia

Financial misika - vari masangano kuti anopa nokuyerera mari pakati mapato: hurumende, makambani uye makambani. Chinangwa chimwe - kupa mari kuti matambudziko ari nemauto chaiyo, mumwe - kuwedzera musoro. Zvakawanda pamusoro ndedzipi misika yemari, zvemari musika vechikamu verenga mberi.

kupatsanura

inogona kupatsanurwa maererano nechinangwa pamusoro misika:

• vatorwa Exchange;
• mari;
• chikwereti;
• izwi;
• chinokosha;
• unganidza.

rwezvemabhengi zvekutepfenyura

Nheyo kwava mari pamusika kwenguva pfupi upfumi. Kuita kwema, vatori vaipanana zviridzwa zvemari zvokunwa. Basic zviratidzo zviri mumusika Anoongororawo ngozi revarombo. chidimbu Izvi zvikuru novimba mari mutemo vaikudzwa pamahombekombe US Federal Reserve. Kana musika Zvinhu Zvinoipisisa, chikwereti zvikoro funga ngozi sezvo mukuru uye kuwedzera prices pamusoro unozvipiwa kwezvikwereti.

Central mabhanga sezvo huru mari pamusika vechikamu vane ndiye kodzero kuti ape Banknotes, -wedzera reserves, atarisire nyika yose.

Specialised chikwereti Masangano kushumira nemakasitoma kuzadzikisa imwe indasitiri kana mutsa kushandiswa.

Vatori vechikamu pamisika mari pose mabhanga Universal sezvo anopa zvakawanda mabasa: CSC anokwezva deposits, zvokutengeserana uye amatura of Central Bank, mari.

Other zvemari-chikwereti masangano (panodonedzerwa, mudyandigere mari, makambani inishuwarenzi) chekuunganidza mari vokuparidzira, ichipa zvikwereti chikwereti, aite kwema pamwe migove uye zvisungo.

musika guta

Pano kurapwa kwenguva refu zviridzwa. Issuers nyaya zvisungo pamusoro misika yemari. Financial musika vechikamu kupa yera rakavimbika mukwereti, izvo yakaratidzwa Central Bank of profitability. Mari vakarerwa inogona kushandiswa zvinangwa zvakasiyana, somuenzaniso, mari inivhesitimendi zvirongwa. The yepamusoro ngozi, dzakanga mutengo nokukwereta. Central mabhanga ungamutsa upfumi akakotamisa chisungo goho. Kureva kuti, mamiriro ezvinhu mukwereti kungachinja nani mushure mubhizimisi. A guru rikamuka anonzi kuti chikuru chepfungwa kunoramba upfumi.

pamusika wemari

Its chikuru basa - kukwezva mari bhizimisi. Namaoko vakagovera anogoverana nokutengesa chikamu boka ravo makambani. Central Bank yakarova misika yemari. Financial musika vechikamu vanoongorora tarisiro kukura sangano, chisarudzo kutenga kana kutengesa mugove.

Forex

The kukurukurirana pamusoro misika yemari matatu rinoitwa nokuda exchange. For kwema Vatori vanofanira kutenga currency munyika mune mari yesangano izvo vanoronga mari. Kana investor achida mari muzvisungo New Zealand, unofanira kutanga probresti New Zealand dhora.

musika nyika

Pane akatakura kuunganidza mari iripo pakati munyika. On pamusika chikuru pane redistribution kuti guta pakati makambani uye anokwereta, pamusoro yechipiri - shanduko varidzi.

The musika nyika iri rakakamurwa dzakawanda uye nyika. Under rokutanga rinoreva:

• akaisa remapazi mugari munzvimbo yenyika mari;
• nokukwereta, izvo kuti mari pamusika vechikamu mune dzimwe mari.

akavhiyiwa All vakatakudzwa kubva pamwe kutora chikamu mugari bhengi. Under dzakawanda fin.rynkom zvinoreva dzimwe mari kwema dzisiri pasi zvakananga mamiriro mutemo. Muna rwezvemabhengi chidimbu kuvhiyiwa kutora nzvimbo pakati chikwereti masangano kupa pfupi zvikwereti izwi. Financial musika vatori vechikamu vanogona kugamuchiravo zvikwereti uye kutengeserana of Central Bank. Borrowings anowanikwa sezvo pfupi (anosvika 3 months) uye nguva refu, ari kuyangarara pamwero kufarira. Chinosanganisira mutengo rokurera mari yakananga anokwereta uye varikumahombekombe.

Vakwikwidzi mumusika mari dzakawanda

On romugove uye kudiwa divi kune zvikwereti, vanoita, mamiriro uye vanozoshanda. Vagari anoita ravo mari muchivigiro nemari, izvo invests pamisika yemari. Financial pamusika vechikamu pamberi yakakodzera mashandiro angava tsime Kukura kwehurumende. Emit kuchengetedzeka yokupira masangano. All zvidzidzo izvi pamusoro nomutemo chikonzero vari rakakamurwa munhu uye maindasitiri vechikamu. Enterprises haagoni chete kurega Central Bank, asi kuti mari dzavo kwechinguva vakasununguka mari.

kazhinji mamiriro ndiro anokwereta, izvo nyaya chikwereti mari bhajeti dhefisiti. Rinotaurawo anoita kushandiswa. Achibatsirwa mitemo nemirayiro, zvinokanganisawo unhu vechikamu uye anotungamira pakukura kumusika. Kana paine pachisara mari, Hurumende aigona kuva investor, ndiko, kuti kutsigira nemari dzimwe mabhizimisi masangano.

Financial musika vechikamu vari zvakare vanozoshanda kuburikidza iyo mumari vanhu kutendeukira zvikwereti, iyo inoita emakambani kusangana kudiwa mari.

nevaichinja

vechikamu izvi pamisika mari dzakawanda zvinobatanidzwa pakubatsira ari Implementation kuti kwema senhumwa kana nekutumwa mumiriri, kureva kuita kwema pamusoro pachangu kwavo kana nokuda nemhosva, asi panguva yake nemari. Vanoshandira zvose pamusoro kwakarongwa uye pamusoro yemabhuku pamusika. brokerage mari - basa iri mari kubva kwema akapedzisa. The yeGmail.END_STRONG anosaina chibvumirano ane nyanzvi nebato, izvo anenge marudzi ose mirairo. Pahwaro gwaro iri, iro bhuroka anoita mabasa ari pamusika, kusarudza Bank dzavo. Chero nguva iyo yeGmail.END_STRONG anogona misa basa nhume. kwema ose bhuroka vanofanira kuzivisa nemhosva uye mazita nayo mari kubva kutengesa kuchengetedzeka iri waiti izwi iri gwaro. kwema All inozviisa fanira kunyoresa.

dealers

Izvi musika vechikamu zvinobatanidzwa kwema vaine zviridzwa zvemari yavo hatiripe aine maonero kuwana. Vatengesi pachena kuzivisa mutengo remapazi, vaite kuti aite neizvi kutengeserana pamwe wainyatsotaura ezvinhu. mari yavo yakawanikwa kubva musiyano pakati kutenga uye kutengeswa mitengo. Naizvozvo, dealers vanofanira kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu ari pamusika. Marezinesi anogona chete zviri pamutemo masangano. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe chete sangano angava munyengeri, bhuroka, issuer, imwe zvechechi investor. kazhinji boka iri zvinosanganisira:

• yezvokutengeserana mabhanga;
• inivhesitimendi kambani;
• nheyo;
• underwriters;
• Makambani inishuwarenzi;
• PF uye vamwe zvikwereti uye zvemari masangano.

Vatengesi kuita zvinotevera mabasa:

• kupa ruzivo pamusoro Central Bank of nyaya;
• kuzadzikisa kasitoma mirairo;
• kuongorora mamiriro pakati kuchengetedzeka pamusika;
• kuderedza vatengesi nevatengi.

vachengeti

Panodonedzerwa - Central Bank pamusika zvemari vechikamu kuti dzinoita mabasa kuchengetera, kunyoresa kodzero uye kwebasa Central Bank shareholders. A chibvumirano ane nyanzvi Muchirongwa anofanira ane zvinotevera ezvinhu:

• anotongwa kutengeserana - urongwa mabasa kuchengetera muCentral Bank kana kuziva kodzero;
• nzira kuparadzira mashoko pamusoro kurasira certificate;
• ichiri kushanda;
• murayiro muripo panodonedzerwa mabasa;
• periodicity Mushumo;
• mabasa ose depositary.

All Entries yakanyorwa munhoroondo "kuchengetwa" iri nemhosva.

Registrars vari vanatenzi Vakaverengwa vakanyorwa Central Bank. Kuti vaverengwe, kuchengetwa ruzivo, kuchinja kuti yokunyoresa uchapiwa mhosva. Rezinesi kuti mabasa akadai anogona chete zviri pamutemo masangano. The yokunyoresa ndiwo mazita Central Bank of varidzi, iyo inoratidza nhamba, ndima kukosha, Mapato magwaro kuti ndezvaJehovha shareholders iri yakati zuva. The chibvumirano kupa basa muripo weUS chinhu chete munyoresi. Asi imwe nhengo nyanzvi inogona kutungamirira hwesaruro havasi vashomanana issuers. Varidzi uye yokuisira of Central Bank inofanira kupa ruzivo rakakodzera ari yokunyoresa mugadziriro. Kana nhamba shareholders kukasapfuura 500, uchinyora anaro inofanira kuva huru unyanzvi sangano. The chikuru mabasa yeboka - ndiye nenguva nourongwa yataura uye kuramba pachavo nyaya varidzi uye yokuisira.

yokururamisa masangano

vechikamu ava pamusika wokuRussia zvemari vaunganidze, ongorora uye mashoko nomazvo kuna Central Bank nhoroondo, zvidzidzo kwema pakati masangano. In chinonyanya Kazhinji Clearinghouse - a kushandiswa risingaoneki akadai mubhengi, iyo anoita mari kugarwa pakati bidders. Kuderedza ngozi default pamusoro kwema kubvisa makambani vanoumba chengetedza mari. Zvasikwa somunhu kambani. On basa anofanira kuwana rezinesi pakati Central Bank. Mari kwakaita kubva nemasangano aya:

• kunyoresa kubhadhara remapazi;
• Revenue kubva rokutengesa izvi;
• mari anobata iripo mari;
• mari kubva kutengeswa kwayo usashandisa;
• dzimwe mari.

Other nyaya

Zvinotevera Nhengo SM anoshanda ebetsero mabasa.

1. Self-pamutemo Masangano - chokuzvidira kuwadzana pamusika wemari vechikamu kuti adzivirire zvinofarirwa kuchengetedzeka varidzi.

2. Control - the yeboka kuti musika mari, izvo inoshanda kwavo achiitira Central Bank, mari pedhi (nokuti vachibhadharisa pakuchinja imwe nguva).

3. Information masangano - masangano anopa vatengi vane basa kubudiswa uye kufambiswa musika mashoko kuchengetedzeka pamusika nyaya, ano Exchange, indices rokunyora kuongorora uye kuitika.

4. varongi the kutengeserana - nyanzvi vechikamu kuti musika mari, iyo anobata ari Central Bank. Zvavanokupai zvinotevera mashoko chero pati vanofarira:

• Mitemo kubvuma kuti kutengesa;
• Terms uye Conditions;
• mitemo kuti vaverengwe, vakauraya kwema;
• kurambidzwa mitengo;
• nzira kuti kuchinja ari dzokushandura;
• Nyora pasi Central Bank akabvuma kuti kutengesa.

5. jobbers - consultants panyaya RZB ezvinhu. Kukura nemamiriro musika kunoramba kuwedzera, kushanda vari kwakaoma. The depositories vari vazhinji dzakasiyana issuers CB. Jobbers kwete chete kuongorora kunaka migove kare wakabudiswa, asi kunobatsirawo issuers kuisa certificate itsva. Ivo mazano pamusoro taitarisira okutengesa zvazvingava, kusarudza tarisiro kukura zvoupfumi sectors, ongorora mutero mitemo.