Henry Ford: biography uye kubudirira nyaya

Muongorori weAmerica, muumbi, mushanduri wemabhizimusi Henry Ford akaberekwa munaJuly 1863. Akava kudada kwemabhizimisi emabhizimisi eUnited States, muvambi weForld Motor Company, mugadziri wekugadzira uye muumbi wezvinotenderera-kutengesa.

Motokari yaHenry Ford yakasikwa sebasa reunyanzvi, hapana chinhu chisingafadzi mairi, kunaka kwayo kunobatsira uye kunoshanda. Uye ichi hachisi chido chekutengesa. Ichi ndicho chakanaka, chipo chisingakwanisi chakaita svondo rekuAmerica mhuri Henry Ford. Nhoroondo yemufananidzo uyu uye mugadziri muenzaniso wakanaka kune munhu wese.

Merit

Nhoroondo yevateveri ve "America kurota," Henry Ford haana kuumba motokari kana kutakura, sezvo vazhinji vevakidzani vake vanodavira. A self-propelled bogie yakagadzirwa kare kare kune imwe Ransom Olds, uye paChicago zvipfuyo zvezviyo uye kushandiswa kwezvenyama, bhanhire conveyors ave achishandiswa kare .

Mukurumbira Henry Ford, uyo maitiro ake ekupedzisira anowedzera zvakawanda uye zvakawedzerwa mashoko anofadza, chokwadi chokuti aikwanisa kugadzira kupera mukugadzirwa. Uye bhizinesi yemotokari ipfungwa yake, inoratidzwa naye muupenyu. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha - kutungamira. Hurongwa hwezvehupfumi hwebhizimisi hunoda vatungamiri, uye zana remakore rechimakumi maviri akapa nyika bhizimisi-muumbi. Uyu muzvinabhizimisi mukuru wezana remakore, maererano nemagazini Fortune!

Vakagadzira hurukuro yakawanda kubva kune iyo yakasikwa, iyo Ford yakawana mabhiriyoni ayo okutanga (nhasi mari iyi "yakakodzera" makumi matatu nematanhatu mabhiriyoni). Nheyo dzehutungamiri hwake huchiri kuunza simba guru pamusoro pehutano hwose hwevanhu veUnited States. Ford yakakwanisa kutengesa mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu nehafu ye "Ford-T", uye mutsara wekugadzirwa wakakosha pakugadzira wakatanga kuzivikanwa kupfuura bhasikoro mumugwagwa.

Mupikisi uye muumbi wehutungamiri

Dai Henry Ford akanga asiri muvengi wehutungamiri hutungamiri, hupenyu hwake hahuzozadzikiswa nemusoro wemudzimai webhizimisi. Aiva nemitemo yake: mushandi akabhadhara zvakapetwa kaviri sevamwe vashandi, achivatengesa motokari pamatoro akawanda. Saka akasika kirasi, achiri kudanwa "blue collar". Haana kusimudza chido chezvibereko zvake. Kwete! Akasika mamiriro ezvinhu kudai kwakadaro.

Izvi zvakange zvakasiyana zvikuru nemitemo yezvino purogiramu yekugadzira. Dzidziso yehutungamiri yakasikwa uye yakagadzirwa mumakwikwi emakakatanwa pakati pe Ford nevanoridzi vemitemo avo vasina kukwanisa kukunda muvakidzani wepamusoro kusvikira mutungamiri-gurukota weGeneral Motors abuda, uyo akakunda Henry Ford mukukakavadzana kwenguva yakazara. Saka Ford yakabudirira, inofanirwa nehupenyu hunofanirwa nepeni yemufananidzo wemafirimu eHollywood film, semudzidzi wemabhizimisi, akarova muna 1927.

Ndizvo chete chigadzirwa chinokosha

Panguva ino, Henry akanga asingachagoni kuchinja zvaaidavira. Iye chaizvoizvo "zazvezdilsya", kureva kuti, aiva nechokwadi chekodzero yake. Uye nguva dzakasvika itsva, kuchinja kwaasina kuona. Kubudirira kwekugadzira ikozvino kwaidiwa kutarisira, uye nehutano hutsva hwekutungamirira, Henry Ford aisagona kunzwisisa izvi munguva. Zvinyorwa zvake panyaya iyi zvinoshamisa: "Gymnastics haina maturo." Hazvina kunaka kune vanhu vane utano, asi zvinopesana nevarwere. " Akashandisawo kuvakuru.

Ford yakanga iine chokwadi: kana chibereko chacho chakanaka, chokwadi chichaunza purofiti, uye kana yakaipa, kutonga kwakanakisisa kunenge kusingagumi. Ford yakazvidza unyanzvi hwehurumende, yakamhanya-shanduka mabhizimisi, yakatarisa nguva imwe chete muhofisi, zvinyorwa zvemari zvaiita sezvinyadzisa, aivenga mabhengi, aiziva mari chete. Vashandi vezvemari vaiva kwaari mbavha, vashandi, zvipembenene uye vapambi, uye vagoveri - zvipembenene. Uye saka tarenda yaHenry Ford yehurukuro iyi yakapararira pane iyi nyaya! Kusvikira ikozvino, kutonga kwakaratidza kwakavashandisa semuenzaniso we kurasikirwa kwekudzidzira mune bhizinesi. Mune mhaka ipi zvayo, dai akanga asina kunaka, aive akatendeseka kwazvo nevatengi.

Honest product

Kutaura kwaHenry Ford panyaya iyi kwakakosha panguva dzose: "Basa chete ndiro rinoita kuti tive netsika!" - haana kutora kudzokorora. Saka zvaiva. Kudyiswa kwemisa pamuti hauna kutanga kusvikira mufananidzo wakasvika zvakanaka, zvachose pasi rose, mumaonero eFree, nyika. Uyezve, chikwata chekugadzira chinosimbiswa , uye motokari inoshandiswa. Vatungamiri vari kutsvaga chinhu chinowanikwa, Ford inovatarisa, kuitira kuti masangano ashande pamwe chete mumakonti, uye zvino purogiramu inoyerera zvakasununguka kune yebhizimisi.

Mibvunzo yose inonyanya kukosha iyo musoro webhizimisi yakagadzirisa pachake. Nharo yaHerry Ford ndeyokuti: kukosha kwemashamba emisika "mari yekupinda". Gore roga roga kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kunowedzera, mari inoramba ichiderera, mutengo wemotokari unowanzopfupika, uku ndiko kuti kukura kwakasimba kwebatsiro kunogadzirwa, sezvo kuda kunowedzera. Pfuma inodzokera pakugadzirwa. Kunyange zvazvo mitemo yaHenry Ford yakashanda mukubudirira mune zvekutengeserana, akanga ari muzvinabhizimisi-munhu mumwechete - vagovanesi havana kubhadhara zvachose.

Maonero Akakura

Hezvino izvozvi, chiroto cheAmerica: kuti aberekwe, saHenry Ford, mumhuri yevarimi varombo, kuve vapfumi uye kuva mukurumbira. Vakuru vanogona kukanganwa kuti mutungamiri wavo nhasi, asi motokari yaHenry Ford ichayeukwa nguva dzose. Ford akashumira pfungwa, imwe chete uye yose uye hupenyu hwake hwose, akatambura kukundwa kwakakwana, akatsungirira kusekwa kwose, akarwisana nenjere dzakanyanyisa. Asi akazadzisa chinangwa chake: akasika motokari uye akawana mabhiriyoni.

Mukadzi waHenry Ford - Clara - aivawo mumwe wehupenyu. Akamutenda pasina mubvunzo, akatsigira asina kuzviita munguva dzakaoma. Akanga achida kubvunza kuti angadai akararama sei kana akapiwa mukana wechipiri. Mashoko aHenry Ford ave aine akakodzera chiyeuchidzo: "Ndinobvumirana, asi ndine chimwe chiitiko: Ndicharoora Clara zvakare."

Tanga

Kutaura zvazviri, hupenyu hwaHenry hauna kutanga nyore nyore. Akazvarwa papurazi muMichigan, kubva pazera duku akamanikidzwa kubatsira baba vake mumunda. Akanyatsovenga basa iri. Akanga achikwevedzwa chete nemaitiro. Uye iyo vhudzi yakagadzikana yakaona pazera remakore gumi nevaviri yakazunungusa mweya wemukomana kusvika pasi. Saka zvakatanga nyaya yaHenry Ford.

Zuva roga roga kusvika manheru, Henry akabvumira nekuvakwa kwenzira inofamba. Akarega kutarisa semukomana akajairika: mapeji azere nemiti, panzvimbo yezvidhori - zvishandiso. Vabereki vakapa wekutanga mumazuva ake ehupenyu, izvo zvaakatora zuva rimwechete uye akaunganidza sezvazvaive. Kubvira pazera remakore gumi nemishanu wakamhanyira kumapurazi akavakidzani uye akagadzirisa marudzi ose emichina, saka haana kupedza chikoro. Mushure mezvo, mazwi aHenry Ford panyaya iyi haana kuchinja nyika. Akataura kuti mabhuku haana kudzidziswa chero chinhu chakanaka, uye kwekombiyuta inonyanya kukosha ndiyo nzira iyo iye, semunyori kubva mumabhuku, achakwevera pfungwa dzose uye agokwanisa kuzvishandisa.

Steam Locomobiles

Henry akanga asingazivi mubasa rekuzorora: kubva kumudziri wemidzi akazorora zvachose, akashanda mumusangano wemagetsi, uye usiku akagadzira zororo, achiwana mari kubva kune zvishongo. Sezvo akanga atova nemafungiro, uye ega chete boka revanhu vakazvidzivirira vakatakura zviroto zvake zvose, pazera remakore gumi nemitanhatu akagara muWestinghouse Company semuongorori wekuunganidza uye kugadzirisa zvigadziro. Aya mazita ematokari akawanda emotokari akaitwa makiromita gumi nemaviri paawa uye ainyanya kushandiswa setikiti. Mugwagwa wekutengesa waiva kuitira kuti haasi murimi wese aigona kutenga motokari yakadaro.

Kambani yeHenry Ford yekutanga, kunyange isiri mwana wayo, yakamupa mukana wekukura mune zvebasa, kuwana mazano uye kuedza kuzvishandisa. Kuedza kokutanga kwaiva kusikwa kwemafuro e nyore ekurima. Henry akayeuka pamusoro pababa vake, pamusoro pokuti chiroto chababa vake chemubatsiri mwanakomana chakanga chawa, uye hana yake, chokwadi, inonetseka. Nokudaro, aidawo kukurumidza kubvisa chikamu chakaoma chevarimi, kuchinja basa guru kubva pamafudzi ababa vake kune bhiza resimbi.

Iyo injini itsva

Ita terekta haisi chinhu chakakura. Vanhu vanoda motokari kuti iwe unogona kutyaira mumugwagwa, kwete basa remunda. Zvisinei, ngoro yakaungana naHenry yakanga iri nengozi: zviri nyore kuti ugare pane bhomba kudarika nepamusoro-soro. Young Ford akadzidza mavhiriji emhando dzose uye akaziva kuti kwakanga kusina ramangwana ravo, kuti vashandi vashoma vane injini yemhepo yakanga isingakwanisi. Achinzwa pamusoro pejini, Ford yakazadzwa netariro itsva.

Vakangwara vakamuteerera nehanya, asi kubudirira kwaHenry Ford mune bhizimisi iri kwakanga kusingatenderwi zvachose. Haana kusangana nemudzidzisi wese kubva kuvanhu vakadzidza avo vaizonzwisisa kuti ramangwana revanhu riri shure kwe injini yekupisa mukati. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, akasiya zvose mazano e "varume vakachenjera". Iyi injini yakagadzirwa naHenry Ford muna 1887. Kuti aite izvi, aifanira kubvisa injini yegesi yaFirie Lebon uye anonzwisisa chii chiripo, ipapo dzokera kumunda kuti uedze ikoko.

Engineer uye mechanic

Baba vakafara nekudzoka kwemwanakomana wavo ndokumupa chidimbu chehuni, kuitira kuti iye achangobva kumira kunyorera zvidimbu zvesimbi. Henry Ford, zvinyengeri, akabvumirana, akavaka imba, shandiro yemasimisi, musangano uye akaroora Clara. Sezvakangoita, ndakapedza nguva yangu yose yekusununguka mu studio, verenga mabhuku pamagetsi, akagadzirwa.

Sezvo ari oga purazi aisakwanisa kukurudzirwa, akatamira kuDetroit, kwaakazopiwa mubhadharo wemadhora makumi mashanu emakambani emagetsi. Clara akaramba achitsigira murume wake pane zvose zvaaiedza.

Haana kuwana ruregerero kune vamwe vashandi vake vatsva, nokuti vaive nechokwadi chekuti ramangwana rose repasi rakange riri shure kwemagetsi, asi Thomas Edison , pachake, "baba vegetsi," akava nehanya, akawana kunzwisisa kwake uye akamuda zororo. Henry Ford akashandurwa asingazivikanwi.

Mutyairi wokutanga weAmerica

Apo muna 1893 Henry Ford akafamba achipfuura neDetroit mumotokari yake yekutanga ane injini inopisa mukati, iyo yaakadana ATV, mabhiza acho akadzingwa, vafambi-vakashamiswa nechitunha chikuru, vakakombwa, vakabvunzurudzwa. Kwakange kusina mitemo yemigwagwa, naizvozvo ndaifanira kuwana mvumo kumapurisa. Saka akazova wekutanga mutyairi wemvumo yeAmerica.

Kutasva kwemakore matatu, Henry akatengesa vana vokutanga kwemazana maviri emadhora uye akavatendera kuti vagadzire mhando itsva yemotokari yemoto. Iye zvino nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero akatenda kuti motokari dzinorema dzakanga dzisingadiwi. O, dai iye zvino akatarisa brainchild yekambani yake - Ford Expedition, ipapo ndaizoshandura maonero angu. Asi iye zvino akatenda kuti michina yakawanda iri nyore uye inogoneka.

Panguva iyoyo mukambani yemagetsi iye akanga aitwa mhandisi yekutanga, akabhadhara madhora 125 pamwedzi, asi mitsva yekushanda kwemotokari yakamutsa kutsamwa. Yakatenda chete mumagetsi. Mune gesi - kwete. Kambani yacho yakapa Henry Ford imwe nzvimbo yakakwirira, asi ingorirega achirega izvi zvisina maturo uye aende kumabhizimisi. Ford akafunga uye akasarudza kurota kwake.

Ngoro yemotokari

Nokukurumidza vakawana vashandi vakaisa mari muDetroit Automobile Company yakangobva kuumbwa kwekugadzira motokari dzemotokari. Pfungwa yekugadzirwa kwemazhinji Henry Ford aisagona kudzivirira. Shamwari dzaidiwa mari, ivo havana kungoona chero kushandiswa kwemotokari. Ichokwadi, basa iri harina kuunza mari yakawanda kune ani zvake. Muna 1902, akasiya kambani kuti asadzoke zvakare kuva mutongi. "Ini ndoga!" Wakareva Henry Ford. Zviitiko zvaive munzira.

Kushingaira kwakanga kusati kwamboiswa neFreemu mukuremekedzwa kwemotokari, asi, sezvo hurumende yaitarisira ingangodaro inokwezva nekukunda, yaifanira kugadzirira magetsi maviri akagadzirwa nokukurumidza. "Hazvibviri kupa chivimbiso chinonyatsovimbika," akadaro pachake. "Zvinobvira kuwira kubva kuNiagara Falls nehomwe huru yematombo."

Asi motokari dzaive dzakagadzirira kumhanya. Pakanga pasina chete mutyairi. Bhirikoro rainzi Oldfield, achitsvaga kufara, akabvumirana kukwira nemhepo. Asi haana kumbogara shure kwegumbo remotokari. Ikoko kwaiva nevhiki yakasara mberi musati waro. Mutyairi wengoro haana kukanganisa. Uyezve, haana kutarisa-svetuka, haana kutendeuka uye haana kunonoka pamakona: kuti "akacheka" seiko kuenda kunomira pakutanga, uye haana kunonoka kusvikira pakupedzisira. Motokari yaFort yauya pakutanga. Vatengesi vaifarira, inenge vhiki imwe gare gare kambani yakatangwa, chikwata che brain chinokonzera Ford.

Car for everyone

Henry Ford akaronga hupfumi hwake maererano nemazano ake. Mukutanga pane chigadzirwa chakavimbika, chiri nyore kutarisira, chine mari, chiedza, chikuru. Ford yakanga isingadi kushandira vapfumi, asi yaida kuita kuti vese vekodzero vafare. Kwete pfuma yepamusoro, yakanyanyisa uye yakashanda. Uye mukurumbira wekodhi kwakanga kusina basa. Kunyangwe mazita akanaka emuenzaniso wake akanga asiri, imwe neimwe itsva akaitumidza tsamba inotevera yenyorwa.

Ford yakatevedzera mitemo mitatu yezvemari: haana kutora rimwe guta revanhu, akatenga zvinhu zvose nokuda kwemari, uye mari yose inobatanidzwa pakugadzirwa. Vaparidzi vanovimba chete kune avo vanotora chikamu mukusika kwechigadzirwa. Pfungwa dzose, zvose zvakaitwa ne Ford zvakagadzirirwa kugadzira motokari. Akava mufananidzo pamwe chete ne "T". Izvo zvakapfuura zvakare zvakatengesa zvakanaka kwazvo, asi, kana zvichienzaniswa ne "T", dzaiita sedze kungoedza. Iye zvino, kushambadzira kunogona kutaura zvakakodzera kuti: "Mwana wose achakwanisa kutarisira" Ford "!

Zvisikwa zvakakwana

Muna 1909, Henry Ford akazivisa kuti iye zvino aizongobereka chete "T" muenzaniso pamwe chete nechitsikisi chakafanana. Uye, sezvaaigara achiita, akataura chirevo ichi: - "Munhu wese anokwanisa kutenga" Ford-T "yemuvara wose, asi pamamiriro ezvinhu kuti chero ruvara ruchava rutsvuku."

Kuti anzwisise kukosha kwechiitiko icho musoro wekambani yakatanga, ndokutanga nekutenda kwakakwana mukubudirira, tinoda kufungidzira kuti mumwe munhu akasika kambani kuti ape mumwe nomumwe wedu ine ndege shoma uye inofadza. Izvi mumazuva iwayo zvakanga zvakabatana nokutenga motokari.

Motokari yacho yaifanira kuva yakakura, kuitira kuti mhuri yose iwane nyore kuwana basa. Henry Ford akazvidya mwoyo pamusoro pekusarudza kwemashoko, iyo inofanira kuva yakanakisisa. Iyo yakagadzirwa inofanira kuva yakajeka sezvinobvira mune teknolojia yezuva ranhasi, "akatenda. Uye aigara aine vashandi vokutanga.

Ford yakati iyo mutengo wemotokari ichave yakanyanyisa zvokuti chero munhu anoshanda anogona kuitenga. Pano, pamashoko aya, vanhu vazhinji vakamira kumutenda. Factory cans! Akadanidzira vavengi vake. Muenzaniso "T" wainzi "Lizzy tin." Zvinotaridzika kuti hazviiti mutsauko iyo imbwa dzinoputira. Chero zvakadaro - caravan iri kuuya. Asi kutengesa zvakawanda, mitengo shoma haibatsiri. Zvakakosha kugutsikana nehutano.

Customer Care

Pakutanga kwemabhizimisi emotokari, motengesi yemotokari yaifungidzirwa kuti inobatsira - uye chete. Wakatengesa - wakanganwa. Zuva remotokari hapana munhu aifarira. Apo kugadzirisa zvikamu zvepakati zvakanga zvakadhura zvakanyanya, sezvo muridzi wacho asina nzvimbo-aizotenga sekanaka. Ford yakatengesa zvikamu zvitsva zvakaderera zvikuru uye yakachengetedza kugadzirisa motokari yemiti yayo.

Competitors manyawi. Yakatanga chivande, makuhwa, kunyange matare patents. Ford haana kuzeza mumapepanhau kuti ose motokari mutengi kungadiwa ne Ford Motor chisungo mamiriyoni gumi emadhora anosimbiswa kuwana mari panyaya tsaona hachifadzi ose. Akakumbira haana kutenga motokari akaipa kbps panguva yakakwirira mitengo vavengi kambani Ford Motor. Uye zvakashanda! Muna 1927, nokuda kwemagedhi fekitari akasiya gumi millionth motokari "Ford T", izvo haana kuchinja pamusoro nemakore gumi nemapfumbamwe. Sei haana kushandura mitemo yake uye Henry Ford. Biography iye ichi hachisi pamusoro. Kusvikira rufu rwake muna 1947, akanga yakawanda: kusika zvakanakisisa motokari, nyora mabhuku mashoma dzinonakidza uye toziva American hope.

Kana sokuti nyika yose iri pamusoro pako, yeuka kuti ndege anotora kure kuzorwa mhepo! Saka akati Henry Ford. Uye zvose hwake akatevera mutemo uyu.