Historical School Mutemo: mhaka, vamiririri, pfungwa huru

Chechipiri hafu XVIII - mangwanani XIX emakore. - nguva apo vakawanda ngwariro rwakabhadharwa kuna nyaya mutemo, ayo kubuda uye kukura, ayo simba pamusoro pokumuka murume uye nhoroondo wacho anoti. Of Kunyanya kukosha mune kwakatevedzana unopinza nharo muchikoro yenhau mutemo, kupfuura inozivikanwa iyo vaiva vamiririri masayendisiti German G. Hugo, G. uye K. Puchta Savigny.

Basa masayendisiti izvi yakatanga kutsoropodzwa, izvo zvaiswa pasi dzinongoitika uye wepamutemo pfungwa yokuti mitemo mavambo. Hugh G. uye K. Savigny akapikisa kuti hapana chikonzero kuti kundodana nokuchinja kukuru mune huripo kuti. Maererano navo, nokuti mumwe nomumwe uye nzanga ndicho chakaipa mamiriro rakatsiga, kwete kugara kuedza, izvo chinangwa panguva kuitwa mberi mitemo yakawanda kuti vanofanira vangasimudzira kushandura hunhu wemunhu.

Historical School Mutemo kwaibva pafungidziro kuti tsika chinokosha chero zvazvingava haagoni sechinoitika wairambidza pamusoro Unit, iyo kambani anomanikidzwa kutevera. Chokwadi, paumbwe nzvimbo yepamutemo, hurumende rine basa, Zvisinei, haasi iye ndezvaiye panyaya iyi inokosha kukosha. dzemunharaunda Legal sezvo huru regulator evanhu upenyu kuonekwa pakarepo, nechitarisiko chavo zvakaoma kuwana zvimwe pfungwa. Kodzero unomuka nomuzvarirwo, kuburikidza kugara kusakarongeka kwevanhu nemumwe, kana avo kana zvimwe inorambidza kana tichisunga dzemunharaunda vari kutanga kupfeka vakaziva hunhu. Panyaya iyi, mitemo vagamuchirwa neHurumende, ndiko chete yokupedzisira chiito kupa pamutemo dzemunharaunda haichashandi.

Historical School of Law, kana pane, vamiririri vayo, pakati wokutanga kumutsa mubvunzo kuti kukura kwemitemo munyika Chinangwa zvakasikwa, hazvina hakunei nezvido wacho, kunyange simba chaizvo vanhu. Panguva iyoyowo, uye kukanganisa kukura zvavo vanhu hakusi kugona, nekuti kuchinja zvose vari akaunganidza zvishoma nezvishoma. Nokudaro mhedziso chakaitwa K. Savigny: hapana kodzero kune chisimba yekupindurwa huripo hurongwa hwezvinhu vanhu havana. Anofanira kuedza kuchinja yemamiriro ezvinhu, kunyange kana vari zvinopesana hunhu hwake.

Chimwe chinoratidza kukura kodzero pfungwa yaiva kuti masayendisiti German pakutanga akaedza kubatanidza nyika unhu uye kusiyana pamutemo hurongwa. Maererano pfungwa yavo mutemo kuva pamwe kukura vanhu, uyezve, mumurayiro kukanganisa zvinoitwa mweya National. Saka chikoro kare mutemo aida kuratidza inapplicability upi kutapurirana mitemo mumatare kubva imwe nyika kune imwe. Maererano masayendisiti, nokukwereta kwakadaro kunogona chete kuumba idzva nemadzinza ose makakatanwa ari muvanhu.

Historical School of Law, zvisinei simba chaizvo uchitsoropodzwa zvose kubva vakararama kwaizotevera mazera Representatives, akanga inokosha zvikuru simba pamusoro pokumuka mumagariro pfungwa. Kunyanya, dzidziso kodzero Hegel dzinongoita pakunzwisisa kwake kupfungwa sezvo kuramba kukura chakajairika, ine yakajeka munhoroondo midzi.