History kwezvisikwa "Vakafa Mweya" N. V. Gogolya

Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti nhetembo "Mweya Dead" yaiva nhau youpenyu N. V. Gogolya. Pashure maviri matatu ake mabhuku Biography ose gumi nemanomwe akapa basa pamunda ichi.

History kwezvisikwa "Vakafa Mweya" iri zvakabatana chaizvo ainzi Pushkin. Mu "Munyori wacho Confession" Gogol akayeuka kuti Alexander rave vakamukurudzira kuti anyore makuru, pamwero mukuru mabasa. Yokusarudza aiva nyaya nyanduri zvakaitika, akanga anzwa muChisinau panguva yake muutapwa. Aigara akarangarira naye, asi akaudza Nikolai Vasilyevich chete nehafu emakore pashure chiitiko. Saka, nhoroondo "Vakafa Mweya" inobva chaiye adventures ane mushingi, aitenga serfs-refu vakafa landlords kuti kudzichengeta, sokunge muri kurarama munyika Board wematirastii kwenguva yakawanda chikwereti.

Kutaura zvazviri, mune upenyu chaihwo, chakatangwa huru hunhu Chichikov nhetembo hakuitiki chaizvo kashoma. Mumakore iwayo, nokubiridzira mhando iyi kunyange unoratidzwa. Zvinogoneka kuti Mirgorod muruwa akanga aine mhosva kutenga vakafa. Chimwe chinhu chiri pachena: nhoroondo pakusika "Vakafa Mweya" haina chokuita chimwe chiitiko chakadaro, asi akawanda, izvo munyori nounyanzvi muchidimbu.

Gamble Tchitchikov zano ndiyo makirisito chigadzirwa. Zvishoma Mashoko wake kutarisa nderechokwadi, sezvo akatorwa kubva upenyu chaihwo. Mukana akaidza dzakadaro nokuti kuti kusvikira wezana remakore rechi18, vanhuwo zvavo vakatenda munyika, pasina chinoramba uye paimba neimba. Yakanga chete muna 1718, chirevo wakabudiswa kuti kuitisa Verenga kuongorora, somugumisiro iyo mutero akava kuremedza vose varume serfs, sezvo vacheche. nhamba yavo recalculated pamakore gumi nemashanu. Kana vamwe vanhuwo zvavo akafa, akatiza, kana akapiwa kuhondo, muridzi womunda aifanira kubhadhara mitero kusvikira rinotevera kuverenga kana kugoverana navo pakati vashandi yasara. Sezvingatarisirwa, chero muridzi achida kubvisa vanonzi mweya akafa uye nyore rwakabatwa mambure ane mushingi.

Ndivo prerequisites yechokwadi kunyora basa.

Nhoroondo nhetembo "Vakafa Mweya" pamusoro bepa inotanga muna 1835. Gogol akatanga kushanda zvishoma apfuura pane pamusoro "Inspector". Asi kutanga haana zvakare Akatapa nekuti wakati zvakanyorwa zvitsauko zvitatu, akadzokera Comedy. Yakanga chete pashure pokupedza nayo, uye pashure vadzoka kubva kunze kwenyika, Nikolai akatora "Vakafa Mweya" zvokutamba.

With danho ose, nebasa rose idzva shoko rakanyorwa zvakava kwaari zvose zvikuru uye makuru. Gogol zvakare alters chitsauko chokutanga, uye kunyange nguva zhinji rewrites vakagadzirira mapeji. Makore matatu muRoma, inotungamirira upenyu aiva zindoga, chete mari kuti va- kurapwa muGermany uye vamwe zvishoma kuParis kana kuGeneva. Muna 1839 Gogol akamanikidzwa kusiya Italy kwenguva refu mwedzi misere, uye pamwe chete nacho uye kushanda pamusoro nhetembo. Paakadzoka kuRoma akaramba kushanda nokuda kwegore uye akaipedza. Writer vaingoita ukuye sezvamunoita. Gogol "Mweya Dead" akatora muRussia muna 1841 pamwe chete chinangwa kudhinda ikoko.

MuMoscow, mugumisiro wake wemakore matanhatu basa akatora kuna kusenza komiti, ane nhengo akaratidza utsinye kwaari. Ipapo Gogol akatora zvinyorwa uye vakatendeukira kuna Belinsky, chete vaenzi muMoscow, vachikumbira kuti kutora chigadzirwa navo St. Petersburg uye kumubatsira kuti kubudikidza kusenza. The mutsoropodzi akabvuma kubatsira.

Kusenza muSt Petersburg aiva zvishoma kunyatsoteerera, uye pashure Kunonoka refu, asi akabvumira bhuku kudhinda. Kunyange zvimwe zvinhu: kurishandura musoro nhetembo, mu "The zvakaedza Captain Kopeikin" uye mumwe makumi matatu navatanhatu unyengeri nzvimbo.

Azere matambudziko basa pakupedzisira yakabudiswa muchirimo 1842. Ndizvo nhoroondo muchidimbu "Dead Mweya".