How kuverenga huwandu dzose geometric miviri

Mumazana hwedu ndichingofunga kuverenga bhuku siyana geometric zvitarisiko. Somuenzaniso, paivakwa zvakakodzera kuti zvakanaka ngaaverenge uwandu namakoronga uye Makomba. Uyezve, ukoshi ichi akatsunga anenge ose vagadziri kubasa. Nokufamba zvezvaidzidziswa mu "Geometry" rinopa udzamu kuverenga bhuku siyana geometric nenhamba. Asi zvakadini nevaya vanenge refu kukanganwa pamusoro rokuchikoro? Nyaya ino ichakubatsira kuyeuka zvose.

Ndapota tsanangurai sei kuverenga bhuku dzose geometric miviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira chepiramidhi, mumwe cuboid, cône, humburumbira, bhora uye bhokisi.

The chepiramidhi iri polyhedron ane nechimwe chinhu polygon. mhiri All - muri zvokuridza ane nevakawanda vertex. Kuti huwandu yakadaro geometric muviri, unofanira kuziva kana ngaaverenge chavangayeukwa uye kukwirira. The Vhoriyamu chepiramidhi kuchaita anoenderana chikamu chetatu chigadzirwa rakakwirira uye nzvimbo mufananidzo nechimwe. In nzira yemaitiro zvingadai seizvi:

V = 1/3 • S • bare

Next pane yatakanyora pasi riri bhokisi. How kuverenga bhuku mufananidzo uyu? A bhokisi - a prism, riri mujinga ari parallelogram. Kana mativi ose mana, anonzi lateral, ari rectangle, zvadaro bhokisi akadaro anonzi zvakananga. Kana mapato ose matanhatu - rectangles, zviri cuboid. Bhuku mufananidzo uyu unoenderana zvibereko zvakawanda zviviri: nechigadziko nzvimbo uye kureba nhamba. Mune nzira iyi inogona akanyorwa se:

V = S • bare

Kana bhuku rimwe cuboid, izvozvo rinowanikwa sezvo zvinobikwa kureba, upamhi uye kukwirira.

V = munhu • b • H, sezvamakaropafadzwa

uye - kufara, b - urefu, h - nokukwirira nemifananidzo.

By nyore nhamba zvinoshanda munhu cône, riri akawana nokuda vachishandisa kutenderera netriangle ane kodzero angled kunhivi imwe yayo cathetus. How kuverenga bhuku rimwe cône? Quite nyore, yakafanana chetatu basa nzvimbo zvitsigiro uye kukwirira.

V = 1/3 • S • bare

Uyezve, bhuku racho cône zvinogona dzaona kubudikidza fomura:

V = 1/3 • add • H • r², sezvamakaropafadzwa

n = 3.141592,

R - nharaunda ine denderedzwa akarara pangoro.

Uye ikozvino tarira sei kuverenga Vhoriyamu humburumbira? Yeuka kuti ndiye nhamba. The humburumbira - dimikira riri vakawana somugumisiro vachishandisa kutenderera munhu rectangle yemumwe kumativi acho. Kukura kwayo unoenderana zvibereko pakakwirira uye kunharaunda zvitsigiro. The yemaitiro zvakanyorwa sezvinotevera:

V = N • R² • h.

Bhora ari namahwindo chimiro, umo pfungwa dzose emagetsi dzayo dziri panguva iyoyo kure pakati. How kuverenga chitsama muviri kudaro? Kuti aite izvi, pane zvinotevera fomura:

V = 4/3 • 3,14 • r³

Sezvaunogona kuona kubva apa, kuverenga bhuku chero geometric muviri hakuzovi kwakaoma, achiziva nzira. Kana ukoshi iri nzira isina kuzivikanwa, zvakakodzera overenga, nechekare kufunga kudiwa sandarara nhamba.

Uyezve, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti anokoshesa zvose kushandiswa rimwe inonyatsoita zvinofanira kupiwa zvienzane dzakabatana. Somuenzaniso, kana nharaunda runoratidzwa metres, uye kukwirira zvinofanira kuratidzwa metres, zvimwe mhinduro achava venhema.

Kuwedzera geometric zvitarisiko izvi, pane zvakawanda kunzwisisa maumbirwo: truncated Pyramid, negomba humburumbira, uye vamwe. Panofanira kuva vamwe Masvomhu. Somuenzaniso, bhuku negomba humburumbira akaenzana musiyano Vhoriyamu humburumbira makuru nemaduku. Kana pakuverenga date izvi, hapana chakaoma. Unongofanira havo kuti muviri uye mumwe kukamuka iyo unotemwa kure. Uchaona kuti mhinduro kune nyaya achauya woga. Uye usaora mwoyo kana chinhu zvikasashanda kugadzirisa, kungova nechokwadi kuti kuverenga nyaya ino.