Hydatid chirwere: rwakazara. Ichitanga Echinococcus upenyu

Echinococcosis - mumwe zvikuru chisingaperi helminth zvirwere vanhu, izvo zviri kukonzerwa imwe tapeworm rudzi Echinococcus granulosus, kureva mumwe upenyu huchiri - dukutu. Pairi, akavapindurawo, pane dzidzo, sezvo Finn, achimirira sefuro kuti anogona kusvika hombe zvakakwana kukura uye rwokutarisa kilos shoma nokuda kwayo kugutsikana emura.

Zvokungoitawo uye chokupedzisira nehondo

Zvenguva hondo helminth ichi vanogona kuva kwete chete vanhu, asi mombe, nemakonzo siyana uye nedzimwe mhuka. Ngatikurukurei upenyu kutenderera Echinococcus. The chisvetasimba anogona kutanga kukura kwayo chero nhengo kana rinenge asi akawanda nzvimbo ino ndiyo chiropa uye mumapapu. Kazhinji, hydatid chirwere rinowanikwa kare mukupera mumatanho okukura, sezvo pasina kurapwa uchapupu haaratidzi mashoma makore okutanga, kuti ndicho chikuru dambudziko chirwere ichi. Sexually Makonye vakura parasitize kuti ura pamusoro canids, zvakadai mapere, mapere, makava, imbwa, saka vane kwayo zvachose hondo.

tsananguro pfupi Echinococcus granulosus

Chokutanga, munofanira kunzwisisa kuti echinococcus, uye chii hunhu waro mamiriro. Kubva dzimwe nhengo dzekirasi wake mupfupi, kubva 2 kusvika 11 mm - urefu strobila (ngetani vakuru tapeworm zvikamu). Uyewo rine mutsipa, scolex (musoro), wakabatanidzwa pamwe whisk uye proboscis nezvikokovonho ina suckers kushumira kuti kuisa muviri rusvingo. Strobila zvinosanganisira proglottids chete kazhinji 3-4 (chidimbu), izvo chete yokupedzisira unotora vitellarium, hunokonzera kusvika mazai 800.

Chirwere uye Epidemiology

Man (zvenguva hondo) noutachiona nomuromo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti chinonyanya kwakapararira tapeworm aona kumaodzanyemba munharaunda. Australia akaita hwakanyorwa vakawanda kutapukirwa. Kuwedzera okunze zvinhu, basa reDare zvipfuwo. Saka, vanenge hosha kunoitika muna Kazakhstan, apo gwai kurima kwakajairika. Pane echinococcosis pachena kuvanhu vanoshanda mumunda ichi, nokudya nyama madhaka kana chiropa. Uyezve, unogona kurwara nemhaka asina kushambwa michero uye miriwo, mbishi mvura, izvo zvinogona zvimwe mazai tapeworm. Pari Somuenzaniso, mune imwe nyika akafanana needu, vanhu vanogona kuva utachiona kuburikidza pedyo kuonana imbwa, nguvo iyo chingava chisvetasimba mazai kana zvikamu chemhuka pashure defecation.

Ichitanga Echinococcus upenyu

Ngatikurukurei mubvunzo uyu. Echinococcus (Scheme ayo budiriro) lifecycle nyore. Zvakangotanga rinotanga ndechokuti chisvetasimba ikabuda iri diki ura remhuka vechigaro mhuri canids (imbwa, mapere kashoma). Kana chiratidzazvizhinji inosvika zvizere kukura, zvikamu aro vanokwanisa vakazvimirira kufamba vatiitire kunze kubva mutsvina yadzo wemhuka, kuita zvikuru kuvaviwa. In chidimbu ichi, rine vakawanda mazai kuparuka. Nokudaro, chisvetasimba mazai zviri kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza: remhuka mbava, uswa, mvura, akarikomberedza zvinhu.

Cherechedza kuti Echinococcus mazai, uyewo mamwe helminths husingakwanisi kwezvakatipoteredza kushivirira yakaderera tembiricha nokuomesa, uye avo chinhanho, somuenzaniso, ari uswa inochengeterwa kusvika 1.5 mwedzi. Saka, ichitanga Echinococcus mazai upenyu hunotanga, iyo zvino richawira kuti mhuka nevanhu kana zvimwe kuburikidza nemvura, michero kana nemaoko asina kushambwa. The utachiona muviri kunoitika invasive Danho - padanho kukura, iyo inoyerera pahondo itsva. Pano, kubvira zai rimwe anobuda ari dukutu, rinonzi hexacanth iyo anorasikirwa ganda rayo gobvu uye nezvikorekedzo zvadzo akasuma kuburikidza dzakaonda rusvingo mudziyo ropa, kuwana kuitika ropa iri chiropa, ipapo mumapapu. Ipapo systemic riparadzirwe hexacanth anogona kupinda muimba nhengo, kupinda tsandanyama kana pfupa.

The itsva danho

Uyezve, ichitanga Echinococcus upenyu anopinda itsva danho, uye oncosphere mudzoke kunyika Finn. Finn rwakaita sefuro izere mura ine chitsama chikuru scoleces. Pano Finn kunowedzera, kuwana zvinovaka muviri kuburikidza zvinyama nayo infests.

Hydatid chirwere - chirwere kunokonzerwa nazvo pamusoro measled Danho honye kukura. Hydatid dhudhumira zvinogona kana kuroorwa-kamuri kana multi-kamuri. Muvanhu kunoitika kakawanda wokutanga mhando kuva pose matema duku - subsidiaries. Saka, hydatid rouchenjeri kumanikidza yavo yakapoteredza zvinyama kutyora yakarurama nokushanda pedyo zvomukati uye kunokanganisa muviri excrete muchetura.

Uyewo, iyo sefuro anogona hombodo kana otanga kukura, kune ngozi chaizvo uye kungatoita kuti rufu nomurwere. Saka akasunungura scolexes uye matema duku achapa chirwere kunyange zvakawanda zvakapararira. Chete panguva ino nokuda saizi zviri vakwanise kuona chirwere. Ari kwokutanga maitikiro ose nzira itsva rinoshandiswa nokuti izvo hazvina basa pamwero mukuru chisvetasimba - tsepping.

Kwemakore akawanda, kuvhiya haana kutungamirira mushonga, kubva muchiitiko ichi pane yokumbozorora Finns, uye ipapo kudhaka, iyo inotungamira kukuputswa, kuti kazhinji dzakawanda. Dzaimboonekwa Echinococcus upenyu kunoita pfupi, zviri pachena kuti kunosvika mumuviri okupedzisira (huru) hondo kuti chirwere nokudya nyama zvenguva umo dziri hydatid chikofu.

Saka, pashure ingestion kubudikidza huru hondo, dundira rusvingo ichiputswa zvomudumbu makemikari, kwamakadarika dzakawanda scolexes asingachaiti, uye vachishandisa dzayo kubvisa mikombe miviri vari vasiyana parusvingo dumbu mucosa. Pane chiratidzazvizhinji anova zvepabonde akura, izvo rinopedzisa munhu helminth upenyu kutenderera. Saka, zvinokosha kunzwisisa kuti kana zvenguva hondo Munhu, ari tapeworm upenyu kutenderera hunovapo mumuviri wake. Inova akafa magumo kukura kutenderera tapeworm.

Huru zvekuchipatara Zviratidzo

Kuparidzira pfungwa chii echinococcus, upenyu inaye, mamiriro, Zano raro kukura, zvakakosha achibva zviratidzo helminthiasis. Rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu chirwere, regai kuvimba localization ari chisvetasimba utachiona. Chaiyo ya kuerera pechikuva haagoni tsunga nokuda kunonoka kukura tapeworm cysts. Zvinofanira chete kucherechedzwa kuti akarondedzera localization ari chisvetasimba mwero Zvakawanikwa zviratidzo. Pakutanga, kana Isimba rakadini rinogona kubudiswa asymptomatic, danho inotanga kupinda mumuviri helminth (kubvuta oncospheres) uye rinovapo kusvikira pakuonekwa zviratidzo zvokutanga, zviratidzo echinococcosis. Dzinoratidzwa kusavapo chero kugunun'una zvomurwere.

Echinococcus cysts vanowanzova kuwana iyi netsaona Somuenzaniso kana siyana mashandiro, kwete nevanhu chisvetasimba, kana uchiongororwa. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva utachiona anozvigona kupota anzwe nokufunuka, kureva urticaria kana zvimwe sema uye zvayo chepfu zvakaitwa, achiratidza echinococcus, mamiriro uye upenyu ichitanga pakukura iyo inozivikanwa kumusoro.

The chinotevera danho

Izvi zvinoteverwa inonzi danho kutanga zviratidzo, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva vanyoro Zviratidzo chirwere ne chisvetasimba. Pano chikofu yave ndakawedzera kukura, izvozvo anorumanya yakapoteredza munyama, iyo inotungamira kuna tsamba zviratidzo: dyspepsia, uye kana utachiona iri mupasi Somuenzaniso, muna chiropa, nguva nenguva kungopotsera kudhonza marwadzo uye vakawedzerwa chiropa (gipatomegaliya). Saka chinoratidza pacharo ari kutanga kwekupwanyiwa echinococcosis. Chii, mhando helminths upenyu kutenderera, kudzivirira parinowanika - mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi munyaya ino.

Next anouya padariro kukura yematambudziko, dzinoratidzwa raidudzwa chinangwa zviratidzo kuti kunoitika muna 10-15% nyaya kutapukirwa. Sezvo yave pamusoro apa, zvingaita kukonzera suppuration echinococcus dundira (chikofu), mukaha ane raparadza tigutsikane muzvanza pedyo zvomukati kana peritoneal mhango. Kungavawo achiperekedzwa obstructive jaundice, zvichiitika nokuda mhingaidzo ari bile ducts, portal neBP uye zvimwe zviratidzo, izvo zvinobva kurutivi localization ari helminth (nomumapapu, chiropa, uropi). Somuenzaniso, kana ari chisvetasimba dzikavaka matendere chiropa, zvinogona kucherechedzwa uremu, kurasikirwa kudya, kurutsa, chirungurira uye eructation.

Anopedzisa zvose yakaoma nechisimba rwakazara.

shepi

Achiziva echinococcus chii, hydatid chirwere, dariro kukura helminthiasis, zvakafanira kutsanangura siyana ayo. Kune mhando mbiri tapeworm: hydatid uye alveolar. Hydatid kazhinji inobata chiropa uye anoumba rimwe chete kamuri dundira. Alveolar, uyewo, kunokanganisa mapapu uye ane multi-kamuri sefuro. Symptomatology echinococcosis hakunei chimiro hosha; chero zvazvingava helminth hwapedyo uye unomanikidza pamusoro pedyo zvomukati, kuwedzera kukura. Zvisinei, tinoziva kuti nokuda nyore ayo mamiriro Unilocular cysts vari nyore kubata. Kubvisa multi-yokuvata dundira zvinoda pokuvhiyiwa, kubudirira iyo kunoenderana mwero cystic growths.

echinococcosis kurapwa

Pakati chikuru nzira yokurapa ndedzinotevera: kuvhiyiwa, antiparasitic uye symptomatic kurapa. At Kuvhiya murwere yabviswa hydatid bladders, ipapo nokudzosazve sei nhengo kana tishu. Muchiitiko ichi yakakura echinococcectomy nzira umo chikofu yabviswa zvachose pamwe fibrous mumuhara.

Dzimwe nguva abate yakananga okutanga cysts, kubvisa zvose nemvura uye kunyatsoongorora disinfecting uye kuchenesa mhango uye njodzi zvinyama pamberi, kudzivisa kudzokororwa, zvikuru munyika yose chokupfeka. Kana hombe nhengo kukuvara oparesheni haina kuitwa. Asi, kugadza imwe antiparasitic kurapwa zvinodhaka inokosha. Uyezve, muna Kuderedza zviratidzo chirwere kushandisa antihistamines, antitussives nevamwe zvichienderana muchimiro echinococcosis.

Mumakore 8-10 avhiyiwa kunge zviviri cheki-up zvokurapa kamwe pagore.

Echinococcus kurapwa

Kudzidza zvose chii echinococcus uye kukura zvirwere zviratidzo, zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti hosha iri nyore kudzivirira, tevera kunenge yokudzivirira. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, ubudise dzakananga wemhuka matanho kudzivirira hutachiona mhuka. Zvinokoshawo kubhadhara ngwariro chaiyo vanhu vari pangozi, vavhimi kureva, vashandi panourayirwa, zvipfuwo varimi nevamwe. Somunhu kudzivirira pakutanga vanofanira kuchengeta zvakanaka utsanana, kunwa chete kubva akavimba manyuko, kushambidzwa kwazvo vasati vachidya muriwo, michero uye michero, uyewo kuti dzisanyanya pachako kubva kuonana nembwa rakarasika.