Icon painter Andrei Rublev: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Russian iwe anochengetedza yakawanda mabasa makuru akanyorwa watenzi bhurasho. Zvose izvi zvinogona kwazvo kunzi kune mumwe Russian kuvake painter, ane zita anozivikanwa vose.

mabasa mazhinji akanaka akasika Andrei Rublev, ake Biography - zvinosimbisa yakajeka.

Zvinokosha muupenyu: uduku uye makore kukura

On upenyu Russian kuvake painter, somusande munguva yedu kusvika vatsvene, nhasi kuziva zvishomanana.

pakuberekwa kwake Kazhinji chokuita kubva 1360 kana, mune mamwe manyuko, makore 1370.

Uyewo haana pachena uyo vabereki vake vari. Pamwe vakabva paunhu mukirasi, uye zvichida vaiva varimi nyore. Pane dzidziso kuti baba Russian Artist aibva raanoziva mukirasi. Mhedziso iyoyo yakaitwa muzita rake, sezvo Rubel - mumwe kuveza zvokushandisa. Kunyange zvazvo pane dzimwe shanduro zvinobvira.

Ungangove, Andrew - a yemamongi zita iconographer. The zita rakapiwa kwaari pakuzvarwa, ndarasika emakore.

Muchirumbidza mumongi iyi zvinoshamisa chipo chaMwari chokuita 1405 uye 1408 makore. Vari chokuita mifananidzo pamusoro machechi, vakanga zvinoratidzwa yaMakoronike.

Historical hwose Andrei Rublev

Ndaiva kuita muupenyu hwangu mumongi uye kuvake rokupenda Andrei Rublev. Biography ake, kunyange zvishoma mashoko, asi anotibvumira kunzwisisa nguva chii aigara Artist ichi Russian.

A dzakaitika munguva yaiva yakaoma, asi haana nguva nyore muRussia.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti Andrei Rublev akaberekwa muMoscow kweutongi, iyo chinongoitwa yechipiri yezana remakore rechi14, mumwe yakaoma. Moscow akarwa Tver kodzero kutungamirira ichiparara Russian mamiriro, izvo pakabvunda internecine feuds uye vachirwisa Horde anongofamba nechisimba. Uyezve, zviri mumakore aya muMoscow, denda yaitsviriridza, kuti kuruboshwe, ipapo shure zvakare, akatakura pamusoro chiuru upenyu.

At 1380 akauya yakakurumbira Hondo Kulikovo, iyo yakava mavambo kusunungurwa munyika Russian kubva pasimba Golden Horde khans uye nokutonga Moscow pakati mamwe maguta Russian.

Munguva imwe chete paiva kukuru Russian musande Segiyo pamusoro Radonezh pakunzi vanhu. Panguva ino akanyora zviso ake anoshamisa uye kuvake rokupenda Andrei Rublev.

Uye, pasinei kuoma, nguva uye aiva muoni kunofambira, akapa tariro yokuti Russia achakwanisa unoberekwazve mukava nesimba uye kuvhenekerwa mumudzimu simba.

Andrew Monk muna Sergeeva Lavra

Mukati emakore mashoma, kana zita Rublev rakanga waibatanidzwa mubhuku Russian, vakaudza kuti Andrew akadzidza unyanzvi kuvake painter kubva vaduku achitungamirirwa ruzivo Artists kubva Utatu-rwacho Segiyo wemamonk. Zvino mudzidzi St. Segiyo pamusoro Nikon, uyewo zita remadunhurirwa Radonezh.

Kazhinji pamusoro pokumuka majaya kukanganiswa yemamongi uye kwevanhu Feat pamusoro abbot pakati wemamongi ichi chokutanga. Chokwadi, muenzaniso rwacho Segiyo akafuridzirwa Andrew muduku pakusika yakakwirira uye simba mufananidzo.

Rublev kuti mifananidzo uye, kupfuura zvose, yake yakakurumbira "Utatu" uye kuramba mudura wemamongi, apo vakazosunungurwa kunyadza mazana emakore unyanzvi vatsoropodzi, akarova yekare unyanzvi womufananidzo.

Andronikasi wemamongi

Uyezve, nzira youpenyu zvakaita mumongi Andrew muna Andronikasi wemamongi, yakavambwa somudzidzi St. Segiyo ainzi Andronikasi. Unyanzvi painter airemekedzwa Vanokudzwa nguva. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mumwe wevanakomana Dmitry Donskogo Vasiliy Dmitrievich akakoka Andrei Rublev kuti kupenda yamambo makamuri Kremlin.

Okugadzira zvinhu Andrei Rublev akava zvishoma rakabata pfungwa vakararama. In nemabhuku emabasa 1405 rwaiti mumongi iyi mwoyo mufananidzo of Annunciation Cathedral muMoscow, pamwe yakakurumbira Artists nguva Theophanes, remadunhurirwa rokuti vaGiriki, uye mukuru Prokhorov. Zvisinei, mifananidzo izvi kusvikira nhasi vasina akachengetedzwa nokuda kugadzirisa chikuru Church.

Icons of Annunciation Cathedral

Annunciation Cathedral kwanga kusina akachengetedzwa, asi vamwe chishamiso, kuti achiripo icon-kupenda zviso temberi iyi. kuzvidhori All nomwe dziri anonzi womufananidzo wacho bhurasho.

Rublev kwakaita kuvake - a "Christmas", "Rubhabhatidzo", "Entry muJerusarema", "The Annunciation", "Candlemas," The Kurera kwaRazaro "uye" Nokuchinja ".

mifananidzo iyi, zvimwe iyo zvichiri achichengetwa Mumamiziyamu munyika dzakadai yakakurumbira Tretyakov Gallery, katyamadza vanoiona kwete chete zvinobudirira sezvamunoita uye chaiye zvemuchadenga zvifananidzo zvaro kwavo mufananidzo, asi rinokosha mashoko kuti zvakanyorwa zviso. Izvi zvinoshamisa zvomudzimu kuchena uye kutenda kwakasimba.

Zvakakwana vachiwirirana ruvara palette chete unotsigira kunzwa ichi.

Kubvuma Cathedral muna Vladimir

Chimwe raikosha Biography pakati Rublev yakanyorwa vatevedzere yaMakoronike, raiva basa pamwe chete nemamwe Painters iyoyo pamusoro mifananidzo yacho kubvuma katedraali. Zvino anenge 1408.

Kuwedzera kupenda madziro, vanatenzi ndakasika zvimwe zviso iconic, zvimwe zvacho ikozvino mumamiziyamu. Legacy wokuRussia art yekare Rus zvitoro kwete Museum Andreya Rubleva, asi Tretyakov Gallery.

Panguva ino, pakutongwa ounyanzvi, yakakurumbira mufananidzo tenzi rakanyorwa pasi rokuti "Our Lady pakati Vladimir."

Ungangove, mu Church ino mumongi Andrei akanga atova kushanda pamwe chete nevadzidzi. Nhasi wose kuona pano vamwe murals ake kuti shamisika pamwe expressiveness dzavo uye rinokosha vakambovhenekerwa pakunamata.

Church of Holy Trinity

Zvinozivikanwa kuti kumwe 20s. mamongi muzana remakore rechi15 Daniil Cherny uye Andrei Rublev (Makore aya anofungidzirwa) vaishanda pamusoro murals kereke Mutsvene Utatu, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro yemakuva pakati Reverend abbot rwacho Segiyo.

Temberi yakavakwa namabwe (varemekedzwe kusvikira nhasi). Zvisinei, Pamifananidzo yacho Church havana achiripo kusvikira nhasi, asi nhasi unogona kuona mifananidzo iyi Rublev akasikirwa chechi iyi. Izvi "Paul", "Mikaeri Ngirozi Huru" uye "Kubhabhatidzwa." Netsika kunyora uye mufananidzo mitoo nenhamba mifananidzo ava pedyo chaizvo kuti manyorero yakakurumbira "Utatu." Andrei Rublev Museum unochengeta pfuma inokosha izvi.

Maererano yaMakoronike, komuredhi Andrei Rublev - the mumongi Daniel, remadunhurirwa rokuti ari Black, akafa chaizvo Utatu Lavra. Pano akavigwa. Baba Andrew akapindawo Andronikasi wemamongi, ipapo kusika mabasa avo matsva.

Recent basa iconographer

Maererano masayendisiti, wokupedzisira basa tenzi akava mufananidzo kwoMuponesi Church, yaakanga akapedza munenge 1428.

Long rokusika upenyu akararama Andrei Rublev, Biography womufananidzo rinotitaurira pamusoro zuva, nguva nenzvimbo rufu rwake.

The akakurumbira Russian kuvake painter akafa January 1430 (zvichida January 29). Akavigwa Moscow, muna Andronik Monastery (nenzira, nemhaka yokuti baba Andrei Rublev akawana pano nzvimbo yavo yokupedzisira, ichi yemamongi yekare haina kuparadzwa panguva Soviet nguva).

Muna 1989, mazana emakore gare gare, baba Andrew yakanga somusande neDare Russian Church somusande.

Okugadzira zvinhu Andrei Rublev: akakurumbira matongo ari Zvenigorod

Doma Russian painter weRussia yekare angadai akagara akavigwa yokukanganwa kana kwete zvinoshamisa kuwanikwa kuti akaita Igor Grabar. Iye netsaona, mune yakanyarara Suburban taundi Zvenigorod, pedyo netemberi yekare yakawanikwa zvinoshamisa mifananidzo, iyo, sezvo zvikazooneka, vaiva ruoko Andreya Rubleva. Uye ndinorasira kuwana izvi zvake mudura!

Icons anonzi "Zvenigorod chinzvimbo", uye chete pashure pechinguva zvakazivikanwa kuti munyori wavo aiva Andrei Rublev. A kumboongorora mabasa aya.

The zvakanakisisa kuzivikanwa izvi icon yaiti "akanunura" zvichengeteke chete aoma. Asi meso Kristu, yakanyorerwa kwaari achitarisa vanhu katyamadza vaoni. Tinogona kutaura nechivimbo kuti icon of munhu kutarisa kwatiri Mwari-murume, isina chivi uye akazadzwa nepfungwa chido uye rudo zvose zvipenyu uye hakugumi tsitsi.

All rokuisa mifananidzo iyi (sezvazvakanyorwa mudura Tretyakov Gallery) havagoni kumumisa kwake pamberi. Ikoko, chepakutanga pamusoro "Utatu" anochengeterwa Tretyakov Gallery ,. Njodzi mifananidzo iyi inonakidza zvikuru.

Vazhinji zvinoreva raMwari paakapiwa pakusika kwavo Andrei Rublev. Biography womufananidzo havagoni atiratidze chakavanzika sei nyore Russian mumongi akakwanisa kumuka dzakakwirira kuwana kwaMwari nyika yomudzimu yakadaro. Zvichida Exupery zvakanaka: "Chii chinokosha asingaoneki kuti ziso."

Kwemazana emakore kuvake ichi akarembera ari rinorema uye kura muhoro, akadzivira pamusoro zvishongo izvi zvose, uye chete pakutanga remakore rapfuura, unyanzvi kare vaikwanisa kurivhura kubva stratification emakore uye kunzwisisa kuti chinhu rounyanzvi wechokwadi.