Imba yeSayenzi Nedzidzo muWarsaw: nhoroondo, mifananidzo, maitiro

Uchitarisa kuburikidza nemakadhikadhi, mabhuku uye mamwe mhemberero inouya kubva kuPoland, unogona kuona kuti kwose kwose kune chifananidzo chechivako chikuru chinopisa chinotaridzwa kudenga. Ichi chikuru chivako chivakwa ndechimwe chezvivako gumi zvepamusoro zveEuropean Union yose. Imba yeScience neMasitadhi muWarsaw yakavakwa muna 1955 uye nanhasi ndiyo kadhi yekushanyira kwete chete yeguta guru, asi yenyika yose.

Chipo cheSoviet Union kuvanhu vane ushamwari vokuPoland

Iko pfungwa yekuvaka yakakwirira-refu pakati peWarsaw yaiva yekukosha kwezvematongerwe enyika uye yakabva pachayo kubva kuna JV Stalin. Pakutanga yaifungidzirwa kuti Palace reScience uye Culture ichavakwa pamakiromita makumi maviri nemaviri. Iyi purogiramu yakagamuchirwa nehurumende yePolish, asi zvino, nekusimbiswa kwemuumbi weSoviet ainzi Lev Rudnev neshamwari yake yeWarsaw Joseph Sigalin, yakasarudzwa kuwedzera ukuru hwechivako inenge hafu. Somugumisiro, imba yeScience neMasiko yakakura mukukwirira nemapasi makumi maviri nemaviri, iyo pamwe chete nemhepo yakaita mamita 237.

Sezvo chivako chaiva chipo kuPoland kubva kuU.SR, kubhadhara mari yepurojekiti, pamwe nekushanda kwebasa rokuvaka, kwaifungidzirwa neSoviet side. Pose, vanhu 3 200 vave vachibatanidzwa munzvimbo dzekuvaka kubva muna 1952. Mushure mekufa kwaStalin nekusarudzwa kweHurumende yeHurumende uye neChristian Ministries yePolish People's Republic, Palace reScience uye Culture yakatumidzwa zita remukuru weSoviet. Chimbofungidzirwa kuisa chivako kuna Stalin pachikwereti , kunyange mumakwikwi yakatanga kuziviswa kwepamhanzi yakanakisisa yedombo. Asi zvino vakasarudza kusiya pfungwa iyi.

Kusanganiswa kweSosistist Realism uye History

Kugadzirira kwekuvakwa kwezvivako zvakakwirira zvakatanga muna 1951. Soviet mapurani akatungamirirwa naLev Rudnev vakauya kuPoland uye neboka revakashanda pamwe navo vakashanyira maguta akawanda ePoland nemisha kuti vadzidze maitiro ezvigadzirwa zvezvakaitika zvenyika. Somugumisiro, iyo purojekiti, yakabva pane iyo Moscow State University yakavakwa, yakatorwa sechikonzero. Lomonosov, asi tichifunga nezvemunzvimbo chaiyo. Zvakagadziriswa kuti Palace reScience neChirongwa inofanira kunge iri "hukama hwehutungamiri mune zvehutano, asi nyika mune fomu".

Chivako chacho chakavakwa munzvimbo umo maimbova nedzimba dzisina kudzikama dzainge dzazara muhutano. Iyo yakaisvonaka Palace yakave chiratidzo chetsva itsva, chinhu chakasiyana-siyana chekuvaka kwemazuva ano, chakagadzirirwa kubvisa guta remhando dzakaipa dzemagadzirirwo. Kubva kumativi epamusoro unogona kuona maonero anoshamisa eguta rakashandurwa mumakore achangopfuura. Chimiro chechivako chinosimbisa kunaka kwepoteredzwa kubva kumatunhu ekare kusvika kune-multi-storey complex complexes, mapaki ezvikiro nematambo emitambo. Imba yeSayenzi neChiciyo ichava chiratidzo chevanhu vanogara muPoland Poland. Panyaya yezvinyorwa zvebhuku racho mumapepanhau emunharaunda zvakagadziriswa kuti zvienderane nekuvhurwa kwegadziriro muna 1955.

ChiPolish "colossus" mumifananidzo uye chokwadi

Imba yeScience neMasitadhi muWarsaw, iyo kero isina kuchinja mumakore makumi matanhatu apfuura, iri paParadis Square, 1. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakakwirira kupfuura kwete muzinda, asi muPoland yose. Chivakwa chacho chine pasi 42 pamwe nenzvimbo ye817 m m ² . Izvo zvivakwa zvechivako zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvehutano hwezvemagariro evanhu, unyanzvi hwekugadzira uye hwePolish historicism.

Panzvimbo yepfumbamwe yechitatu pane pane nzvimbo yekucherechedza nevepanoramic yeWarsaw. Kubva muna 1956, kubva pane ino nzvimbo, iri panzvimbo yakakwirira mamita anopfuura zana, kuzviuraya kwakasiyana-siyana kwakaitwa, mushure mekunge masvingo esimbi akafanana nemagetsi ekudzivirira akaiswa pano.

Muna 1989, mushure mokukonzerwa kwehukama pakati peSoviet Union nePoland, chifananidzo chinomiririra ushamwari hwevanhu chakabviswa kubva pakati pekuchengetedza. Mumakore ekuma1990, kudana kwakaratidzwa nevamwe vezvematongerwe enyika muPoland kuparadza chivako sechiratidzo che "Soviet domination pamusoro penyika isingabhadharwi."

Muna 2000, pachitsime chepamusoro-pasi, hovha huru yekuvhara yakagadzirwa, iyo yakaita kuti imba yacho ive yakakwirira pane imwe nyika panguva iyoyo.

Muna 2007 chivako chakapinda mu State Register of Architectural Monuments of Poland.

Maitiro uye chinangwa chechivakwa

Nhasi, imba yeScience neMasitadhi muWarsaw, iyo mifananidzo yauri kuona mubhuku rino, inotarisirwa neHorld Hall. Chivako chimba dzimba dzakasiyana-siyana uye masangano, kusanganisira Polish Academy of Sciences.

Iyo yakazara mukati meimba yamambo inogadzirisa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakanaka, musamuziyamu, mabhuku ezvitoro, mahofisi uye mabhizinesi nzvimbo. Makeminari, mabhuku, mabhuku ekudhara, basa reposisi yevagari uye vagari veguta guru.

Kunewo imba yekorodho yevataridzi 550 uye imwe imba yemusangano yezvigaro zve 2880. Gore roga roga, imba yacho inoshandisa misangano, misangano, mafirimu, maforamu nemitambo, zvose zvepasi uye munyika dzose.

Kurwisana pamusoro pekugona kwekuvapo kwechimiro

Pasinei nekuti imba yeScience neMasitirwo yava nenguva yakave chiratidzo chePoland uye inoita mabasa akawanda anobatsira, nguva nenguva mune zvematongerwo enyika kune chirevo pamusoro pemaitiro ehutsika hwekuvapo kwekuvakwa kweSoviet panguva yevhu yePoland. Mifungiro iyi panyaya iyi yakasiyana zvakasiyana, vamwe vanotenda kuti Chigaro hachina kukosha kwezvematongerwe enyika, asi vamwe vanoomerera pakuparadza chivako chacho, asi vamwe vachikurudzira kuitora iyo musamu.

Zvinotarisirwa kuti pfungwa dzinowanikwa dzichavapo, uye kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwe enyika hakuzovi chikonzero chekuparadzwa kwemuzinda wakaisvonaka wekuvakwa, iyo ndiyo Imba yeSayenzi uye Mutsika muWarsaw. Mashoko evanhuwo zvavo avo vakashanyira chivakwa ichi havatombotauri mazano. Vose vagari vomunharaunda uye vatashanyi vazhinji vanoyemura kuwanda kwechimiro, kusagadzikana uye kukanganisa kwemaumbirwo ekugadzira.

Zvinotarisa munzvimbo iri pedyo neimba yamambo

Vashanyi veguta guru rePoland vanonyanya kukwezva nevakavakwa pachavo, kubva pane maona mapurisa maunoona guta rose panguva ipi zvayo yezuva. Kufamba kwenguva pfupi kubva pachivako ndiko kuzvidzora nekuvaraidza nzvimbo.

Pedyo neyo nzvimbo yekutengesa "Golden Terrace" - iyo yepamusoro shopping mall muWarsaw. Pane mahotera uye mahotera ari pedyo here? Kubva kumahwindo emakamuri akazorora kwazvo unogona kuona shongwe dzinopenya dzeMuzinda weScience neMasikati.