Inonyanya kukoka mazai ekoko: tsanangudzo, zviito

Nokudanwa, mhando dzehuku dzinoparadzaniswa kuva nyama, mazai nenyama nyama, kurwisana nekugadzirisa. Dzinopesana nhamba ye mazai anotorwa kunze kwegore, nekurema, kuburikidza nekugadzirwa, nekugadzwa. Mhando dzinobereka mazai ehuni ndiyo shiri dzenzira dzinotungamirira. Vanokwanisa kutakura maawa mazana matatu pagore. Izvo zvinosara zvisikwa zvine mazai ezvishoma mazai: anenge zana mazai pagore. Uye mienzaniso yakawanda inowanikwa kubva pakurwa uye mazai evha.

Zviratidzo zveiyo-mazairo ane matombo

Kana chinangwa chekubereka chizvarwa ndechokuwana mazai, zvino zvakakosha kufunga nezveii-inobereka shiri shiri. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana emakungu ehutungamiri uyu, asi ose ane zvinhu zvakafanana:

1. Izvo shiri hadzikukura zvakakura, inorema kudarika makirigiramu matatu.
2. Mapapiro acho akareba.
3. Makona ane muswe mire pamuswe.
4. Kukura kwekutanga kwezera. Oviposition inotanga mushure memwedzi mitanhatu.

Mhando dzinobereka mazai dzehuku dzinogona kuva mumakamuri. Kuti uwane vana kubva pakuteya njiwa, zvinokosha kuti uve nechikwata, sezvo shiri yacho isisina hutano hwekudzivirira. Kunyange zvazvo huku inogona kutanga kugara mazai, asi haigumi kusvikira pakupedzisira.

Kusarudzwa kwemarudzi

Mhando dzose dzinobereka mazai dzehuchi dzinofananidzwa zvisati dzaita chisarudzo chokupedzisira. Kazhinji, mashoko anotevera anoshandiswa kuenzanisa:

• Kubika kweiki kwegore;
• Kurema kwamazai;
• Chicken health;
• Percentage of survival of children;
• Kuoma kwekuchengetedza, kusana kwechando;
• Kudyiswa kwekudya (kune marudzi anoda kudya kunokosha).

Kuenzanisa nhoroondo, zvinokwanisika kuti taure chaizvo kuti ndeapi madzinza emhashu ndiyo inotakura mazai, uye kuongorora ruzivo kunobatsira kuziva kuti ndezvipi zvakakunakira iwe.

Anobereka

Iko kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana eai mazano. Mhando dzakawanda dzinobereka mazai dzehuku dzinogona kutakura mazai muchando ndidzo:

• Russian white;
• Leghorns;
• Loman-brown;
• Hayseks;
• Hi-line;
• The Jubilee Kuchin;
• Iza brown;
• Tetra;
• Minor.

Ndezvipi varimi vehove vanoti pamusoro pavo? Kutarisa nekuongororwa, mazai akawanda anobereka mazai anokwanisa kutakura mazai zuva rimwe nerimwe. Muchiitiko ichi, shiri yacho inogara isingawanzoiti - kwegore mwedzi miviri inenge isati yakakurumbira (kazhinji nguva iyi inokonzerwa nekunyanya).

Russian white

Rudzi urwu rwakaumbwa muUSSR. Nemauto, akaonekwa muna 1953. Pamusoro pezvakaberekwa, mutsvuku wecheather unhu. Huchi dzinoberekwa nejasi pasi.

Akabvunzwa mubvunzo kuti ndeapi rudzi rwehuni ndiyo inotakura mazai? Mhinduro ichakubatsira iwe kusarudza shiri. Inogona kuva chichena cheRussia. Iyo shiri inoratidzwa neinotevera:

1. Nesushki haisi huru, inorema inenge 1.8 kg, uye mhepo inorema-inenge 2.5 kg.
2. Mugore rokutanga, kuisa huno kunotora mazai 210, imwe neimwe inorema 55 g.
3. Kukura kwekutanga kwe shiri. Iroplant ye shiri inotanga pazera remwedzi mishanu.
4. Zvakanakisa zviratidzo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwemhando dzechikara nemhuka duku (92 ne95% pamwe chete).

Mitsetse yakatsauka inogona kubudisa kusvika mazai 300 kana kupfuura kwegore.

Ichi chizvarwa chehoku, maererano nevarimi, ine utano hwakanaka. Izvo zviri nyore kutarisira. Iyo shiri ine kukwira kwakasimba kwechando, saka nokuda kwekugadzirisa kwayo hakuna chikonzero chekupisa chikwama. Chichena cheRussia chinonzwa chakakura mune chero mamiriro okunze. Muchiitiko ichi, kunyange mumatanda akaoma echando anoramba achiisa mazai.

Leggorny

Izvo zvizvarwa zvakaonekwa muItaly muzana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe. Mumazuva iwayo shiri dzakasiyana nedzimwe shiri. Kubva kuItaly, vaLegornians vakapinda muUnited States, kwavakatambuka nemamwe marudzi kuti vawane mutsva. Mushure mekuita basa rakadaro, marudzi eLeygorny akatanga kutarisa kumigwagwa. Basa revarimi vaida kuwedzera mazai ei uye kukurumidza kukurumidza kwemhuka mhuru.

Maererano nerondedzero, mhando dzakawanda dzinobereka mazai (mifananidzo yevatumi unogona kuona munyaya yacho) inogona kuva nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana. Leggorns ane marudzi anopfuura makumi maviri emavara, pakati payo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yakachena.

Kurema kwezvidimbu - 1.6-2 kg, mabhesi anorema kusvika ku 2.8 kg. Kukura kwepabonde kunoitika pazera remakore gumi nemasere. Kwegore gore rino rinogona kubvisa anenge mazai 300 nehombodo jena, kuyerwa kwega-kusvika kune-60 g.Iiyo yakakura-yega yekuiswa kwezvizvarwa inoonekwa mugore rekutanga rehupenyu. Nokudaro, zvinodarika gore shiri hadzichengetwa, asi dzinoshandurwa kuva mhuka mhuka.

Kuisa hens hakunzwisisiki kwekudzivirirwa, kuitira kuti hukuku hudzikwe chete ne-incubator. Iko yehuwandu hwekushaya hatchability yakakwirira kwazvo - inenge 95%.

Leggorns inoratidzwa nekukura nokukurumidza uye kunakidza kugadzikana kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusungwa.

Loman-Brown

Pakati pemhando dzakawanda dzinobereka mazai okuisa hen hens, zvakakosha kujekesa mitsetse yakaputsika-tsvuku. Ibazi ndeimwe yekukurumidza-kukura, vamiririri vanogona kutanga kutanga mazai pazera remwedzi 5. Nekuchengetedza uye kudya kwakakodzera, shiri inopa gore risati riri pasi pemakumi maviri nemakumi maviri mairai anorema kusvika ku-80 g.Iii-rakasara rinopfuurira kwemakore matatu.

Iyo Yaitseno liman-brown chicken ndiyo yakanakisisa, asi inokurudzirwa kuchengetedza iyo kusvikira makore makumi masere makumi manomwe, uye zvino kutumira "mumushonga."

Izvo zvizvarwa zvinogona kushandiswa kubudisa nyama, asi kuyerwa kweikuku hakusi kukuru. Mhembera pamwedzi mitanhatu yemakore anenge masere kilogiramu, nekuisa hens - anenge mapaundi maviri. Kana uchida chibereko chikuru chenyama, unofanira kufungisisa nezvemhando yemhuka inokura nokukurumidza uye inogona kuwedzera zvinopfuura 4 kilograms ikozvino mumwedzi mina.

Haysex

Nyaya yacho inotaura nezvemadzinza akawanda anobereka mazai - nemifananidzo uye nemazita (kureva mazita), uye pakati pavo-rudzi rweHaysex. Shiri pamba inokwanisa kugara ichiita mazai kwemakore maviri. Zvadaro mazai ezhizha anowira. Zvisinei, mumapurazi makuru shiri inochengetwa kwete kupfuura gore, ichiiisa nekukura kwechidiki.

Sezvakanongororwa, majeke anonyatsotsungirira miviri yemagetsi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, vanokwanisa kupa zhi zuva rimwe nerimwe.

Ikoko inotanga kuva huku kana ane makore mashanu. Ivhareji inorema yei inokwana magiramu 60. Uye shiri yacho inotakurwa kwenguva yakareba - kubva pamwedzi 5 kusvika kumakore maviri ehupenyu. Zvadaro nhamba yezvibereko yakaderedzwa nehafu.

Hondo yeHaysex haina kuchengetwa nyama. Iyi ndeyeiyo yai kana chicken. Chiremera chekuisa hen hachina kupfuura 1.8 kilogram, naizvozvo hazvibvumirwi kuichengeta nyama.

Izvo zvizvarwa hazvina hutano hwemasikana, saka huku huchivharwa mumakwenzi. Iko yehuwandu hwenhavha ndiyo inenge 90% ye mazai anogadzirwa.

High-tech

Kune marudzi maviri emhando yepamusoro-line. Idzo dzakachena uye dzakasvibiswa huku. Zvinopesana kwete chete nemuvara wemuswe, asiwo mune mamwe maitiro.

Izvo zviri mukati mechidimbu zvakafanana. Mhando mbiri idzi dzine chisi chikuru chepiniki, mhete dzepiniki dzinotapira. Ita misoro duku, miviri yakasimba, mhondoro yakasimba, yakatsvuka. Iyo shiri inoratidzwa nehupamhi shure, inenge yakareba urefu wemuswe. Iphipi inogadzirwa, inofanirwa kupera mumuviri.

Chimiro chechizvarwa - mukukwirira kwayo kwekuchengetedza. Mhosva yezvikamu haipfuuri 5%. Apo mazai akabatanidzwa, kupona kwakakura kunenge 96%.

Pasinei nedzimwe nhoroondo dzomukati, shiri dzine peni dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzakasiyana dzakasiyana-siyana. Mhou dzakachena dzinotanga kuvhuvhuta pavanosvika pamakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere, uye dzvuku - mazuva gumi gare gare. Vanhu vakuru vane ruvara rwebhuruu rinorema kupfuura rweru (anenge magiramu 500). Panguva yemasikati, maharas mana anodya zvokudya (anenge 120 gramu pamusoro mumwe nomumwe), asi mazai avo evha akaderera - maawa anenge 330 pagore. Mhou dzakachena, maererano nekuongororwa kwezvikuku varimi, vanokwanisa kuparadza kusvikira maawa 350. Rudzi rwenzira yakakwirira rinotakura mazai makuru kwazvo, anorema kusvika kuma80 gramu.

The Kuchinskaya Jubilee

Chizvarwa ichi chakakumbwa munharaunda yeMoscow kuKuchinsky kubereka mbeu. Pachinzvimbo, shiri iyi yakabvumirwa muna 1990.

Izvi zvinotevera zvinowanzoenderana neKuchin hen:

• Mukana muduku webasi;
• Meso e-yellow-red;
• Beak ichine, yakareba;
• Muviri wakareba;
• Wide back;
• Chest deep;
• Maziso matsvuku, akasimba.

Mavara mazhinji ane ruvara rwegoridhe, uye pamutsipa kune rim. Iyo nuzzle is grayish. Pamuviri kune mifananidzo yakareba nenzira yemutsara wakatsetseka kana arc.

Roosters dzine maruva matsvuku asina kujairika ane mane endarama uye kure. Chifupa nemuswe zviri dema neheta yekunama.

Nezvikwereti zvehuwandu, rudzi urwu runogona kukura kwete kwete chete pazai, asiwo panyama. Mumakoko, mutoro wenyama unogona kusvika maikiramu mana, uye kuisa hens - zvitatu. Mugore rokutanga nyama inokwanisa kuparadza kusvika mazai 200. Mugore rechipiri mazai evha anowedzera.

Nesushki anotanga kuisa mazai pazera remwedzi 5. Iko kori tsvuku yakajeka muvara, mazai anenge anenge magiramu 60.

Kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu vakuru shiri kune ushamwari, inenge 88%, uye mapoka - anenge 93%. Pasinei neizvi, mazai ane mazana akawandisa ekubereka.

Iza Brown

Mukuonekwa kwaro, iyo iza inonhuwa ndiyo inomiririra mumiriri weizi. Bheya iri duku, ine mapfupa mashoma uye mapuranga machena. Ane musoro muduku, mutsvuku, chikafu chinopisa.

Petushki ane ruvara, ruvara rwechinyoro, uye pakuisa hens zvinosviba. Zvisinei, huku dzakapfeka nyeredzi dzinopinda mumarudzi acho, asi kazhinji maronda anokwanisa kuonekwa.

Ivhareji inorema yehupamhi inenge mairi kilogiramu. Anotanga kuisa mazai kubva pamasvondo gumi nematanhatu. Nguva yeii yekuisa inopera masvondo makumi mapfumbamwe.

Ihwo hunhu hwemhando yacho ndeyokuti hunogona kuchengetwa mumasero. Nezvinyorwa zve aviyari, huku hazvidiwi nzvimbo yakawanda yekufamba.

Kana iwe ukasarudza kutanga uku kurudzika, tapota cherechedza kuti iyi isanganiswa. Anogara asina vitamini nemaminera. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwechiratidzo chemuchinjikwa.

Tetra

Nyoka dze tetra dzinokosha zvekutanga kwekugadzirwa kweii. Vanosvika pakukura kare mumwedzi mina. Kutanga kwekutanga kunotakura mazai maduku anenge makumi maviri nemashanu. Zvishoma nezvishoma, kuwedzera kwavo kunowedzera uye kunosvika makumi matanhatu magamu.

Hungu inogona kuparadza kusvika maawa mazana matatu pagore. Muvara wehokomba ihuvhu. I-tetra, yakawanda yakaisa huni, inoshaya masimba ekudzivirira. Saka, nokuda kwechizvarwa chevana unoda incubator.

Huchi dzinowedzera nyama-kudya. Chiremera chekuisa hen chinoda kusvika makirogiramu matatu, iyo midzi inorema piri yakawanda.

Nesushki ye tetra inogona kuva yakachena, yakachena, yegoridhe. Koko ruvara rwemavara ruvara rwakapenya kupfuura zvigaro.

Kana ukasarudza mazai ezai, zvakakosha kufunga kwete kwete chete mazai evha yekugadzira, asiwo mamiriro ekuchengetedza huku. Dzimwe dzinza dzinogona kuchengetwa mumakamuri, uye pane zvimwe zvinoda kupa zvikwata zvinokwana zvakakura.