Kodzero dzokuvhota vakadzi; icho zvechokwadi kana kukunda mune refu hondo

Kuenda musarudzo nekusarudzwa zuva, nhasi vakadzi vakawanda havana kumbofunga nezvokuti refu uye kuoma kwaiva nzira, akaita mamiriyoni adzo vamutangira. Pashure pezvose, dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvose kuti kupiwa mukana uyu - kodzero dzokuvhota. vakadzi Pachivanhu yakanga kunyimwa, uye hazvisi zvifakazira. Kufanana nevamwe rusununguko, kodzero iyi yasvika refu muitiro wokuva, kusvikira vakaziva uye enshrined mune emitemo mazhinji dzakabudirira. Uye izvi yasvika mugumo wayo tichishandisa yapfuura: kutyisa pfungwa, asi mumakore 40 remakore rechimakumi maviri wokuFrance kuvhura rokubhengi pasina mvumo wake, uye muna 1946 iye akanga vakabvuma kuti polling yemapurisa.

Munguva mukupera hweRoma uye vakabata vakadzi nhaka pfuma, uye izvi zvinoreva mutemo weRoma. Zvisinei, dudziro chiKristu yeRoma akaita "mwanasikana Evha" chivi chokutanga. It akatanga kuparadzira maonero kuti hunhu mukadzi mupfungwa, zvoufuza, mano uye akarurama haagoni kudzora pacharo, uye anofanira kuva anorichengeta - kutanga kwake baba uye ipapo murume wake. Nokuda pamutemo Codes kuWest nyika dzokuEurope akanyangarika kodzero womukadzi neImba uye dzokurasa pfuma zvachose. About chii kodzero dzokuvhota vakadzi Ages, inotaura zvinotevera chenhau. Apo Countess of Foix dzakaratidza nharo dzavo pamusoro yechitendero gakava iri Pamiers pakutanga pakati XIII remakore, mumwe rechina mufundisi weChirungu ainzi French ndokumutsvoda kumeso: "madam, dzoka kuna ake Kukosa vhiri!".

Izvi kushayikwa simba "simba" pabonde vakaramba kusvikira 1789 ari French Revolution. sirogani Its "Liberty, Kuenzana, Fraternity" akanga achifara yakagamuchirwa nevakadzi vaiita basa zvose enyika kwendangariro. Asi bhuku huru gwaro vechimurenga "Declaration of Rights womunhu", uyewo kuitwa reMitemo, vakaona kuti izvi azere nenyeredzi masirogani havanei nazvo, asi chete vanhu. Olympe of Gouges, munyori, akanga ari 1791 "Declaration pamusoro kodzero womuno" - ari Manifesto pakati evakadzi rokutanga. Asi hurumende haina kusangana hafu yevagari munyika, nekusiyana, shamwari vose vakadzi yarambidza, uye "pasi chechipiri" kunyange kubvumirwa kuva zviitiko zvevoruzhinji, equating vana uye anopenga. Olympe of Gouges akapedza upenyu pamusoro guillotine. Asi French havana toga kutamburira yavo kodzero dzokuvhota.

Meri Uollstonkraft muna 1792 rinobudisa muLondon basa rake, "Kutsigira Vakadzi Rights", iro kunoratidza kudiwa wakaenzana aroorane. Uye vakadzi suffrage kufamba - Bato vakadzi suffrage - akaberekwa muUnited States. Izvi zvakaitika muna 1848. Muna 1870, vakadzi British vakaunganidza vakasaina mamiriyoni matatu chikumbiro kodzero vasanangurwa uye kusarudzwa. Ivo pasi pepa kuti Paramende.

Asi nyika yokutanga apo vakadzi pakupedzisira kodzero kuvhota, Akava New Zealand - muna 1893. Gare gare, mumwe kukunda munyaya iyi kwave kubudirira mune Australia (1902), USA (1920), Great Britain (1928). MuRussia, wakaenzana vakadzi vakauya chete yaOctober Revolution.

The epamutemo magwaro munyika dzakawanda Muslim uchine zvokudya kuti mukadzi haisi yakazvimirira munzanga. Mune dzimwe rinoti hakuna pasipoti, kuitwa akanyorwa muchato yababa vake gwaro, uye pashure pake - murume wake pasipoti. mamiriro ezvinhu aya zvikurukuru dambudziko vevanhu vanogara Western Europe uye US yakavharwa munharaunda.