Lithography - nzira Kudhinda ...

Lithography inzira pakudhinda umo anodhinda muenzaniso papepa yakagadzirwa tama ingi rukoko pasi kumanikidzwa kudhinda ndiro riri mutakuri pabepa. Izvi nzira Kudhinda zvinoreva wekare unyanzvi, yakanga yakagadzirwa muna XIX remakore muMunich. Kutaura zvazviri, lithography - imwe nzira inobva daka mafuta tubhokisi zvinhu uye mvura. The hwaro kudhinda chimiro iri zvikuru kupatsanurwa ibwe wakatsetseka penyika, ina homogeneous reraimu. mufanidzo iri asati asika, kunoguma nzira lithographic, anotevera matanho anofanira kuitwa:

- on yakabwinyiswa pemvura ibwe lithographic muenzaniso rinoshandisirwa ingi kana chaiyo penzura kuitika ane mafuta;

- wakashongedzwa mufanidzo chinopinda chaiyo muvhenganiswa pamusoro nitric asidhi pamwe dextrin;

- pashure pamusoro kupfeka ibwe akakwanisa kutora mwando apo kukuvadza ingi rurefu wevasungwa mafuta;

- in mhedziso richiswedera chaiyo ageza tincture ine yakakwirira kuwanda zvokufembedzwa.

Benefits lithography

Saka, kuti mufananidzo akazviratidza paakanga chaibatanidzwa kudhinda nzira inoshandiswa physico-kwemakemikari ehupfumi zvinhu. Lithography kazhinji kuvhiringidzwa achiita zvokutemera, asi zviri chose nzira dzakasiyana siyana mufanidzo. Achiita zvokutemera chinhu rupawo ane zvikuru kugadzirira nzira. Kucheka muenzaniso pamusoro pehuni - kuti ndiye achiita zvokutemera, lithography hakurevi chinhu rokutanga nesimba. Somugumisiro makemikari maitiro achishandisa anodhinda muenzaniso papepa anooneka. The akagamuchira mufananidzo inogona kudzokororwa kakawanda. Kugadzirwa nezvinhu lithography muenzaniso kungava chete, nevamwe adzo. Uyezve, lithography ane chisingarambiki zvakwakanakira. Masters, kakawanda achishandisa lithography unyanzvi pabasa rake, cherechedza kuti lithography - asiwo nzira hwakanyatsorwisa chisingakoshi Kudhinda. Govera kutevera kunobatsirei:

- pakuswedera kugadzira muitiro unogona vakasununguka kuchinja, kushandura Zano muenzaniso, wedzera zvinhu zvitsva;

- ibwe muforoma inogona kushandiswa kakawanda, pashure kukuya imwe zvekare;

- kusiyana achiita zvokutemera nzira kunoita kuti pave ruvara zvifananidzo, nokuti mumwe nomumwe ruvara muenzaniso rinoshandisirwa kuparadzanisa ibwe;

- chidobi akasiyana hama nyore maitiro.

Printing mifananidzo

Saka kuti mufananidzo pachena, pamwe chairo, kwete Blurred zviso, ibwe lithographic anofanira richengetwe unokosha muchina. Pakutanga akaisa kudhirowa kuwacha, pashure iyo hwaro rinoshandisirwa pre-yakakanyiwa chaiyo pendi, izvo zvakagadzirwa varnish. Porous bepa kudhinda zvakasimba kwazvo akafukidzwa neingi ibwe, ipapo akakungurutsira pamusoro nokuda muchina chinotenderera. Zvinoguma chifananidzo muenzaniso zvemapuranga monochromatic pendi.

Chii oleography

Nzira ruvara yokudhinda pachishandiswa anodhinda padombo rainzi oleograph. The zvemichina haasi akasiyana zvikuru kubva kwakajairika lithography, ndiro akagadzirwa zviito sezvo sandara kudhinda chaizvo. The Prints uri bepa neimwe ruvara anobudiswa mu kutevedzana kubva chiedza nerima zvenzwi. Nokuti mumwe ruvara siyanei vakagadzirirwa lithographic ibwe. Printing nechimwe ruvara rinoshandisirwa rave rimwe papepa. Kudhindwa zvitoro kusika uye kuita pamusoro bepa asangana womufananidzo, ari mubasa kubudiswa matombo journeyman.

mhando lithography

Munyika yanhasi lithography - zviri kutoti nzira rokuumba chaiyo yemagetsi mumatunhu uye mifananidzo pamwe nanometer chisarudzo. Pane Manyiminya, Erekitironi uye X-ray lithography. X-ray lithography chinhu ano kwenzira iyo danda kubva maekisirei vakapfuura preform chaiyo iyo akava wakanaka mashoko muenzaniso unokosha substrate. The Manyiminya lithography rinoshandiswa kana zvinovawo zvakakodzera kuti uchatamisa muenzaniso kubva chinokosha yemagetsi redunhu muenzaniso uri substrate kuti semiconductor.

Erekitironi lithography - nzira yokutora nayo kwawakananga Erekitironi bango allocates anodiwa mashoko zano kana uchishandisa rinokosha photosensitive nhengo.

Chii autography

Siginicha chinhu ano pakudhinda kwenzira umo womufananidzo haaiti mufananidzo pamusoro lithographic ibwe, uye kunyatsonzwisisa chinja papepa. In ichi bepa mufanidzo iri kwaita hwakatamisirwa ibwe. Artists vakaonga akanga dzinoongororwa, nzira iyi lithography. The chikuru zvakwakanakira zvingangoguma siginicha yokunyora nokudhirowa zvakasikwa. Achiita mufananidzo kuburikidza kuchinjwa bepa, yokudhirowa anokwanisa kuita mufananidzo wakajeka pasina girazi maturo.

Lithography munyika yanhasi

Muzana remakore rapfuura vakaitwa kushandisa lithography muenzaniso, kudhindwa rinodhindira-chena dema-uye sale, yakabereka mepu. Chidobi kuti lithography akadhindwa mifananidzo mumabhuku uye kudzidzisa kuunganidza.

Sezvo chaiwo kudzokororwa kwokurangana mhando, lithography zvinowanzodavirwa kushandiswa pari zvino. Nzira iyi yokudhinda kunoratidzwa nyore panguva Artists kuti pave mifananidzo-chena dema-uye. Graphics zvinodiwa kuenzanisira methodological mabhuku, anokosha anobatsira, magazini. Zvisinei, kuti pave lithograph zvino haritsvaki pepa pakudhinda. In munda Nanotechnology zvinonzi nevakawanda basa ano mhando Graphics yemagetsi uye Manyiminya lithography. Fungidziro lithography kushandisa Laser nemwaranzi rinoshandiswa chaizvo kukura azvino Manyiminya Michina kuvandudza metrology midziyo pamwe mberi Implementation vayo kugadzirwa.