Simba Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP: tsaona, kupora

Simba simba chirimwa - makurusa kuRussia. zviri zvakare yechitanhatu simba Hydroelectric munyika. Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba chiteshi yaiva Khakassia, pamusoro Yenisei River, pedyo Sayanogorsk.

Zvinoumba Zvivako chiteshi

The chikuru chinhu pachiteshi ndiyo kwedenga-giravhiti dhamu chakagadzirwa nekongiri, ine nekukwirira 245 metres uye kureba 1066 mamita. The upamhi mujinga mai - 110 metres, uye nenzira muhomba 25 mamita. Dam inogona muzvikamu zvina. Kusiyiwa mubhengi uye zvakanaka-kubhengi rinyerere mugove urefu, ukuwo, 246 M uye 298 m, mvura kubuda chikamu kureba 190 metres, uye chiteshi - 332 metres.

With mai adjoins mai Powerhouse.

Kwete rakapedzwa chinhu - pamhenderekedzo spillway, riri rokuvaka Pasika (basa muna 2011).

tsananguro

mutsaona vasati kwakaitika muna 2009, ari Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba chiteshi unobereka 15% of zvemagetsi simba zvinoberekwa Hydroelectric simba zvinomera muRussia uye 2% of nyika magetsi.

Simba simba chirimwa - 6.400 MW. Power Plant - the flagship of wechipfuwo hydropower. Tichifunga Mainskaya waterworks, simba Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba muti 6721 MW. Avhareji yegore negore yemapurisa anopa nyika mabhiriyoni 24.5 kWh. Muwane gohwo kwakaitika muna 2006, apo mafashamo makuru zhizha akabvumira yemapurisa kubereka mabhiriyoni 26.8 kWh dzemagetsi.

Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba chiteshi mumwe kumusoro munyika. Kuvimbwa, kuubvumira kukurira mvura kufurirwa, kubudirira 60 muzana yayo uremu uye 40 muzana nokushandisa Maberere rokumusoro bhandi, izvo Transfers mutoro pamhenderekedzo matombo. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, kuvakwa mai padombo ndokunobondera rworuboshwe ruri 15 metres uye kurudyi kumahombekombe 10 mamita. With garo mugero dhamu Conjugate sezvinoita tapping ari kudzika 5 mamita. Izvi itsva magadzirirwo zvaiita kushandisa asingasviki 20% uwandu kongiri kuchienzaniswa nekukudza zvivako.

Mukamuri vanoiswa gumi Hydroelectric Hydroelectric zviumbu pamwe inokwana 640 MW nerimwe. Mai akasiyana, kufanana Arch-giravhiti mhando kuvakwa muRussia pane chimwe chete Gergebil'skaya Hydroelectric simba, asi pakukwanisa kwayo iduku zvikuru pane munhu ane Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Yenisei River rinobvumira yekudyidzana zvakawanda simba kupfuura rwizi Karakoysu.

Iye zvino, spillway ari mai ane inokwana 13.600 m³ / s. Sezvo inflow mvura kuti inogara kufadza akanyorwa pamwero wenyika 24.400 m³ / s, vakasarudza kuvaka chimwezve spillway. Chivako ichi rinotarisirwa kuwedzera zvinonyatsorehwa vanokwanisa pakati spillways pa 8000 m³ / s.

The sezvamunoita Sayano- Shushenskogo hydro yakaoma kwesangano inosanganisira Mainskaya HPP ane 321 MW simba uye anoita mashandiro yemabhuku-regulator.

Inoumbwa Hydroelectric Dam ane yakazara-siyana 31 cubic metres. ? km (umo anobatsira -. 15 cubic km). An nzvimbo 621 sq. ? km. Unhu mvura dura chaizvo, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise kuronga nayo Fishing makambani vanokura Rainbow. Kusikwa dura kwakakonzera mafashamo 35 zviuru. Hectares nyika yekurima. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti uchatamisa anopfuura 2700 zvivako. Dura nzvimbo iri Biosphere Reserve.

Station Design Institute akaita "Lengidroproekt".

upfumi kukosha

Muna 2001, mutengo magetsi panguva Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP aiva 1,62 kopecks. por kWh. Profitability magetsi chizvarwa panguva simba chirimwa kupfuura kaviri profitability simba zvinomera. Uyezve, zviri chishandiswa chine simba muripo yepamusoro RINOFAMBIRA pamusoro Magetsi chizvarwa musimba ezvinhu Russia.

Yakabudiswa nesimba chirimwa (75%) kubva chikuru nevatengi dzemagetsi, imwe aruminiyamu chirimwa Sayanogorsk ( "Russian aruminiyamu" Corporation). Introduction kudyara kushanda zvakaitika muna 2006 zvakananga kuti kushandisa simba simba, zvakanga kwete kudiwa nekuda kushaya simba hutachiwana mitsetse.

ushanyi

The chiteshi chacho kamuri kombiyuta anonakidza sezvo nzvimbo dzinoshanyirwa. Uyewo panguva miziyamu chinhu private simba chirimwa. Sezvo chinhu kuna hwechiFascist, rinogona akashanyira chete kuburikidza remunharaunda rwavakaita dzaishandisa.

The nzvimbo iri pakati Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba chiteshi (mepu takaisa pazasi) - nzvimbo yava akakurumbira pakati vashanyi. Kare, paiva chaiyo pakuongorora uriri paunogona zvakanaka kuona yemapurisa. Zvino nzvimbo iyi pedyo dhamu ndokumisa chirangaridzo yakatsaurirwa kuna vavaki HPP. On pamahombekombe Yenisei River anomira mashanu domed yeGomo Borus, vaiona Khakass National yokunamatira sezvo Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Khakassia kadhi kunoita kuziva apo nzvimbo idzi.

The akataura uriri kurutivi rworuboshwe unokubvumira kuona dombo chena makubhiti mazana maviri pakukwirira. Ndizvo chikamu Kibik-Kordonsky machena deposits, izvo zvinotora makiromita mashoma pemhenderekedzo Yenisei. Chimwe chikamu mugwagwa kubva Sayanogorsk muna Cheremushky riri zvakananga pamusoro machena munda. Ndinohwuradzika chaitadzisa kwazvo Geological ezvinhu uye dombo Spurs, zvichiita rimwe lining zvikuru zvinodhura munyika.

kuvaka

Chisarudzo chokupedzisira pamusoro kana kutanga kuvakwa simba chirimwa, kwakasarudzwa muna 1962. Zvakatanga kuvakwa muna 1968. Muna 1975, panguva pakuvaka HPP akanga partitioned mugero Yenisei River, uye muna 1978, pamwe chete nokutumwa rokutanga Hydroelectric yemapurisa vakapa hurukuro yokutanga. Kubva muna 1979 kusvika 1985, successively akaita kutanga zvimwe hydraulic muzvikamu vapfumbamwe. Muna 1988, ravarwi chivakwa kumboda apera. Muna 2005, basa rakatanga pamusoro pavakwe pamhenderekedzo spillway, izvo zvinofanira kuvandudza rakavimbika ravarwi. Muna 2011, spillway akaiswa kushanda.

udzvanyiriri

Muna 2006, ivo zvakakomba zvinokanganiswa injini mukamuri uye mvura buditsa pombi sump zvakawanikwa. Muna 2007, purogiramu kunoongororwa kunoratidzwa chinokosha Kuipa booms, ane zera aiva nemakore 20. Kwete aibudirira, asingatani yakawedzerwa inotungamirwa makatsemuka akanga hydrounits design, zvakarudzwa vakagadzirira pamwe Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Photos rakabudiswa pashure petsaona akabatsira kutonga mwero wokuparadza.

huru purogiramu mazuvaano uye michina upgrading yacho yemapurisa, Implementation izvo ratanga, asi tsaona panguva simba chirimwa akaita zvinhu mu urongwa vavaki yambokurukurwa.

tsaona

Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP tsaona iyo kwakaitika musi 17 Nyamavhuvhu 2009, kwaisanganisirei kuparadza kukuru.

Mangwanani muna August 2009 at HPP tsaona yakaitika. Paiva kuparadzwa hydraulic Unit wechipiri, uye imba nemafashamo turbine horo ine mvura yakawanda. 7th uye 9th hydraulic dzakabatana vakanga vatsanangura kukuvaradzwa, zvimedu akazara pamwe rechitatu, wechina uye wechishanu hydraulic dzakabatana. Izvi zvakaita kuti kuparadzwa chivakwa turbine iyo yaitongwa neDare Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. The tsaona kwakaguma kufa vanhu 75.

Dambudziko rave kuongororwa kwazvo. Act kuongorora rakabudiswa muna October 2009.

kupora

New Hydroelectric kutsiva ukama vakarayirwa kuti zvebhizimisi "Simba Machines". Nechekare muna 2010 gore tave mubasa anokwana zviyero № 6, № 5, № № 3 uye 4, akabvumira kuti inogona kusvika 2560 MW - 40% vezita. Parallel basa rakanga achiitiswa dismantling kuti chikwata 2 uye erection № spillway yapera vakabudirira hydraulic nemiedzo. At chiteshi mabhiriyoni 10 kilowatt-maawa magetsi yakanga kunotangira.

Saka Danho rokutanga rokuvakazve, semubairo zvakanga basa ina Hydroelectric kukanganiswa zvishoma pane ose yemapurisa rakapera.

Muna 2011, dariro wechipiri pedutu. It rakapera kuvakwa kwechikuva wechipiri spillway, uye pakazopera gore rose rakaoma iri spillway akaiswa kushanda.

Mukuwedzera, itsva hydropower unit (№ 1) akaiswa kushanda.

Electricity Kugadzirwa muna 2011 yairema anopfuura bhiriyoni 18 KW ∙ h.
Muna 2012, vatatu itsva Hydroelectric run: nhamba 7, nhamba 8, nhamba 9, pashure iro simba simba chirimwa yakanga 3.840 MW.

Muna 2013, zvakanga yakatanga itsva Hydroelectric dzakabatana matatu: nhamba 10, nhamba 6, nhamba 5, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise kuunza inogona muti kusvika 4480 MW.

anopfuura bhiriyoni 24 kWh akaberekwa muna 2013 panguva yemapurisa.

2014 kwakatangwa mune yechitatu danho pedutu chechitima. Sezvo chikamu Implementation yaro muna 2014 akapa ano hydraulic chikwata nhamba 4.

The Sayano-Shushenskaya Hydroelectric simba chirimwa akanga akatakurwa akabudisa apiwa itsva yakazara hydraulic vamapoka OJSC "Simba Machines", vane akanakisisa parameters uye zvinoenderana zvachose kuchengeteka uye rakavimbika. Simba simba chirimwa yava akaenzana aizviti - 6400 MW. Kunonyanyisa kunyatsoshanda mvura itsva turbines yasvika 96,6%, uye kufadza upenyu basa Michini yakanga yawedzera kusvika makore 40. Zvino Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, pikicha pakarepo mushure tsaona uye nhasi zvakasiyana chaizvo, kushanda panguva zvizere chinzvimbo.