Kazan avhiyesheni chirimwa ainzi pashure S. P. Gorbunova

Kazan avhiyesheni chirimwa Gorbunov - vaitungamirira Russian vendege, kushandisa paungano inokosha Ndege, vanhuwo zvavo uye anokosha chinangwa ndege. Kubvira 2013, ndiko davi PJSC "Tupolev".

tsananguro

JSC "Kazan Aviation Plant" iri guru Tatarstan - Kazan. Kunze huru gadzira riri pedyo bvunzo Banga Borisoglebsk ayo kuzvidzora. The kambani akaita basa rinokosha munyika paaizvidzivirira. Paiva akaita-dhonza inokosha Ndege, kusanganisira kukwanisa kutakura zvombo zvenyukireya.

KAZ ane yakakwirira musayenzi uye mumaindasitiri zvinogona. Zvakaitika yedu kunoita kuti atore chitange itsva zvirongwa. Mukati masvingo aro kuunganidza kushandiswa liners soro rakavimbika nokuda Manager of RF President, General Staff, ungwaru masangano.

kushanda upenyu

Kazan avhiyesheni chirimwa pakutanga akasikwa ari bazi Moscow avhiyesheni chirimwa. Kusiya chirimwa rakatanga muna 1932, kusvika zvivako 1935-fung huru dzakanga amisa. Parallel injini chirimwa yakavakwa, chokugara nharaunda "Social Town". Zvisinei, Nakata udzvanyiriri zvakaita kuti vashandi reshuffle, uye nyaya chaiyo iri ndege akakwanisa kuronga chete muna 1938.

Initial zvirongwa zviri chikuru - Hofori vaunganidze denga-svosve 16, svosve-20 ( "Maksim Gorky"), svosve-26 (16-savi bhomba mutoro uye 95-mita mapapiro). Zvisinei, papepa zvirongwa haana kuenda. Pakati pavatatu pamusoro mumatanda muna 1936 inorema ndege svosve-20bis chete 1939 akakwanisa kuunganidza wokutanga wavo (pamwe nehurumende kuitira 18 muzvikamu). Rakaratidza kubudirira uye bhomba kugadzirwa ruzivo db-A "Anna".

Kubwinya Motherland

Muna 1939, Kazan avhiyesheni chirimwa akatanga kuva muenzaniso itsva "Machine №2» - ramangwana Pe-8 design Petlyakova. Far 4-engined bhomba chitakuriso akava mikuru iri Red Army uye vakauya DBA fekitari basa akakodzera kukunda. Pe-8 (svosve-42) akava wokutanga Soviet mukuru-nokukurumidza dzemakomo ndege vegiredhi "Flying Fortress". Akanga ane kwezvokufuka dzakanaka chisina kutsetseka kusiyana "hozhwe" dzokutambura nezvizvarwa.

Papera chinguva, mukuru muenzaniso mupudzi waiva svetuka bhomba mumwechete akagadzira Pe-2. Munguva yehondo KAZ yakaunganidzwa anenge 10,000 motokari. Production basa pasina dzongonyedzo, kwevhiki uye mazororo.

Strategic chirimwa

The Second World War akaratidza kukosha inorema kumberi Ndege anokwanisa chaunombotya yomuvengi kwezvivako uye kugadzirwa. With kukura zvikuru simba mabhomba, kushanda kwavo yawedzera. Mumakore okutanga rugare Kazan avhiyesheni chirimwa anobudiswa pasi zvizivikanwe zita Tu-4, kopi zvakanaka nekusimba muenzaniso American B-29. Zvisinei, pisitoni ndege ane nendege siyana zvishoma pamusoro 5000? Km haana Continental. Kureva, US akava geopolitical muvengi mukuru pakati USSR.

Budiriro vakava reactive inokosha Tu-16 anokwanisa kuita zvose sechinhu bhomba uye mutakuri chombo, ushori, refueling uye zvichingodaro. D. Kukurumidza 980 km / h uye anosimudza kukwirira kusvika 13400 metres muwane zvakakwana kukunda mutsara muvengi mhepo zvitaviro. Zvisinei, ake ndege kure rakanga kunyange zvishoma kupfuura Tu-4 - 4000? Km. Akanga inobudirira pamusoro wengarava nemauto, akawedzera firepower of Soviet Navy uye Coast Defense. Yokutanga kugadzirwa muchina yaigadzirwa musi juusto muna 1953. Statistically, kuti Tu-16, zvinobva Russian Air Force maitiro chete mumakore 90, ndiyo wakarebesa-akararama munyika nendege. dzakachinjwa analogues ake kuramba tichishumira kuChina uye dzimwe nyika dzinoverengeka.

Danho rakatevera raiva imwe mhuri kumberi subsonic inokosha Ndege Tu-22. Mujinga womuenzaniso zvakagadzirwa kubvira muna 1960 kusvika 1966. 311 inokwana zviyero zvose dzakatorwa. Kubva muna 1967 kusvika muna 1990 rakabudisa nadzurudzo rokutanga Tu-22M (0-1), Tu-22M2 uye Tu-22M3 pamwe nani aerodynamics uye tehharakteristikami.

wehurumende ndege

Kuwedzera ndege zvechiuto, Kazan ndege chirimwa inobereka mutakurwi jetliners. Mukutanga 50s hurumende mhosva kwakavakirwa anobudirira muenzaniso Tu-16 kugadzira ndege kutakura vanhu uye zvinhu. Somugumisiro, isu akasika munhu Tu-104 - wokutanga Soviet mutakurwi ndege iri ndege vaise. Muna 1956, nani nadzurudzo of Tu-110 kusvika bato midziyo uye Munyori General.

Mune 60s ari kukwanisa kwave refocused pasi mitoro-mutakurwi, kumberi Il-62, iyo yakatsiviwa IL-62M. 278 vamapoka vose shanduro zvakabudiswa kusvikira 1994. Pakati pezana remakore 90 KAZ pakugona muenzaniso Tu-214 kuti yapfuura advertising muna 1997. Zvino CB kushanda mabasa pfupi-dhonza mutakurwi Tu-324 uye Tu-330 transporter.

"White Swan"

18/12/1981 ndege yokutanga inoita kusingaenzaniswi superheavy Tu-160, hereinafter akataura NATO "Blackjack." rakasiyana chimiro waro yakatsvairwa mapapiro muchitiza afanane vanozvikudza ichiyevedza nejichidza. Nokuti Russia inonzi akanyatsoti ari "White Swan".

Kunyange zvazvo kugadzirwa kwayo kwakaregwa, ari Kazan Aviation Plant. S. P. Gorbunova kubva purezidhendi akarayirwa kuti atangezve paungano inokosha bhomba pamwe nani avionics, itsva yemagetsi uye michina zvinoriumba. Range kusvika 14,000? Km zvinoita kuti varove huru pane dzimwe mumakondinendi. Tu-160 vanoumba hwaro mhepo chezvinonhuwira kuti "vanamwari vatatu vatatu yenyukireya" weRussia.

zvinogadzirwa

KAZ nhasi vanofanira kuita zvinotevera:

• Mazuvaano pamusoro Tu-22M3.
• Kugadzirwa Tu-160 basa.
• Production, nadzurudzo kwerunyararo Tu-214.
• IL-62M Service.
• Kugadzirwa ndege unokudzwa.
• Kukura ndege itsva.

Kazan ndege chirimwa anoramba ane vakaziva simba iri ndege indasitiri. Kubatanidzwa nomumwe ne PSC "Tupolev" Inowedzera pakatanga pakubhadhara itsva ndege uye kunobatanidza kugadzirwa.