LSD-differential - chii?

Ose muchairi chaitwa kuva nechokwadi kuti mashoko ari motokari yako napo anobatsira uye anokosha ruzivo. Chokwadi, kana usingazive zviri differential, uchabva vachiri kukwanisa kutyaira motokari. Asi kuti zvose pamusoro uye - pamusoro zvikuru iwe havazokwanisi kuti, uye chaizvoizvo vatyairi vakawanda vanosarudza kugadzira shamwari mana mavhiri yavo. Uyezve, vatyairi rine sanyorwa munharaunda yayo, uye iwe unogona kashoma kupinda mariri, kana usina humbowo sei kushandisa motokari yako. Ndokusaka kudzidza zvachose zvose, sezvo vangave richishanda kwauri mune ramangwana.

Uye munyaya ino huchakurukurwa zvakadzama LSD-differential. Chii? Ungazviita sei? Ndezvipi maonero ake? Mibvunzo iyi yose uchawana mhinduro mubishi kuverenga nyaya pamusoro LSD-differential. Chii? Uyu mubvunzo wokutanga kuti ndinoda kuwana mhinduro, asi regai kukurumidza. Chekutanga unofanira kuziva kuti yakadaro differential ari musimboti, kana usingazive. Kana mashoko kare munoziva, unogona kungoti kuzorodza ruzivo rwako pamberi mberi huru chikamu nyaya.

Chii differential?

Saka, musoro uyu zvinhu - LSD-differential: chii, sei akunoita, uye zvichingodaro. Asi kutanga, unofanira vachiri kuziva kuti vakawanda ari differential. vatyairi zhinji kare munoziva tsanangudzo pfungwa iyi, asi kana ukaita izvozvo achiri kuzivikanwa, mashoko aya uchava kukosha kwazvo nokuda kwenyu mberi nokudzidza nyaya.

The differential iri motokari mazwi - ndiro mashandiro rinoumbwa chikamu hutachiwana. Rinoshandiswa wokushandura simba, asi ine chimwe chimiro cheguta, nekuda raakatanga zita. Chokwadi kuti simba iri differential vachishandisa kutenderera kwacho rakakamurwa maviri kana differentially akabatanidza murukova kana vaviri simba aibuda vari akapfupikisa imwe. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti hova maviri simba kwakabatana izvozvo differentially, kureva muna mari vanopa zana muzana vanokwanisa, asi havana kutaura mufananidzo panguva iyoyowo. Nemamwe mashoko, vanogona kupiwa sezvo 50 kusvika 50 muzana okuita, uye 70 kusvika 30 muzana uye 100 muzana kusvika 0 uye, Ukuwo, 0 kusvika 100 muzana vachikanganisa.

Eya, ichi ndicho ruzivo inokosha maringe differential pachayo. Zvisinei, nyaya yacho chinguva yakasiyana, unofanira saka endai kufunga kuMudzidzisi chinhu. Subject yacho - LSD-differential, chii, sei mashandiro ichi uye chii maonero ake. Izvi ndizvo huchakurukurwa.

shoma-pitikoti differential

Limited pitikoti differential LSD ndiko kuzvipira nokukiya, uye zvakasiyana kubva dzenhoroondo dzinonyatsotiratidza musimboti. Ndezvipi zvakasiyana? Chokwadi kuti zvechizarira iri kusashanda kana musiyano mukuru ekisero mugodhi rotational akurumidze, izvo anobvumira kuti kugadzirisa dambudziko nokukurumidza uye pasina chinovhiringidza. The nyore muenzaniso - nayo buksovka kumberi kana neshure mavhiri, aiva iye aiva kukonzera kudiwa kuchinja dzekare differential. Kana mumwe zvokubatisa anotanga scrolling nokuti kuti makumbo haagoni kukunda mumwe kana chimwe chikamu pomugwagwa, shoma-pitikoti differential inogona ruponeso chaiye.

Sezvingatarisirwa, kunyange kumeso mugwagwa hukawanika uye haufaniri kuvhara - asi ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero kuti kunyatsoteerera dzidziso. Pashure differentials dziripo ne zvakasiyana zvechizarira mhando kuti vari akakodzera motokari siyana uye zvakasiyana mugwagwa hukawanika uye mamiriro. Ndokusaka yakawanda iwe uye zvinofanira kudzidzwa, ndicho differential pakati vanomutswa kukweshera LSD.

chidimbu

Une pfungwa mukuru chii Zvisinei ndiyo LSD zvishoma pitikoti differential,, kana ivo vakakubvunza kuti tsamba nhatu idzi, idzo dziri raanotaura rokuti - kuti uchakwanisa kupindura? Kutaura zvazviri, zvose zviri nyore - inomirira Acronym sechinhu Limited kutedzemuka Differential, iro rinogona kushandurudzwa nenzira dzakasiyana.

Imwe nzira rave pachena pamusoro - pitikoti differential, asi kazhinji unogona kuwana mumwe - differential pamwe yakawedzera zvemukati nemishonga. Both nzira zvakarurama, uye kana imi kushandisa chero wavo, ungangoona kuti kunzwisisa. Asi zviri nyore zvikuru, Chokwadi, achidzikisa LSD kushandiswa, nekuti zviri pasi nokudenga, zvipfupi uye zvinonzwisisika kuti zvose.

Zvisinei, izvi ndizvo zvose chete yokungotaura date - inguva kubata chokwadi kuti LSD-differential, uye kutanga akamira tichienzanisa vake venguva analogue.

Enzanisa LSD differential anoshanda ane chaiwo

Classical differential anewo mazita akawanda, chimwe nechimwe rinoshandiswa zvikuru nevakawanda. It anganzi mwero, akazaruka uye kunyange vakasununguka - wayo nevamwe chinhu ndechokuti payo akabvumira mukana musiyano iri chisina kutsetseka velocities ari goho miseve. Zvinorevei? Izvi zvinoreva kuti mumwe nomumwe goho miseve inogona kushanda sechinhu zana muzana, uye razero muzana. Uye ichi, akavapindurawo, kunoreva kuti mumwe miseve vangatoona kurega. Inogona nyore kuona pasi vachidzipukuta kana rimwe rengoro achimhanya ari zvizere chinzvimbo, uye wechipiri hazvirevi Mupumburu.

Sei aigona kutsungirira ichi dambudziko LSD-differential? Nheyo nokushanda mashandiro ichi zvikuru nyore - nayo ane otomatiki nokukiya hurongwa unobvumira musiyano pakati hova simba vaviri, asi zvakakwana diki, semuenzaniso, 60 muzana kusvika 40 muzana. Zvisinei, kana musiyano akapfuudza zvinobvumidzwa mwero, pane kuvhara chinodzivirira motokari kubva Migumisiro yakaipa chiitiko ichi. LSD-differential oparesheni chinonyanya kuoneka kure-munzira, uyewo motokari zvemitambo.

Where kushandisa zano rakadaro?

Sezvaunoziva, mumwe nomumwe mhando motokari ine yayo nzira nokukiya differentials uye kumahombekombe vanokwanisa. Kana uchityaira mumotokari pamusoro sandarara uye anotsvedzerera yakagadzirwa mugwagwa kana nomugwagwa, haufaniri kutora vatarisire dambudziko pamusoro apa. Sezvambotaurwa, chinonyanya zvinoshanda hwakadaro differential iri kure-mumugwagwa uye mitambo motokari. Kana adzinge ane SUV, ipapo kazhinji, unofanira kufamba pamusoro akaoma, apo zvingangoita kuti motokari yako anotanga skid. Uye kudzivisa ichi, sezvo imi kare kunzwisiswa, unofanira unhu differential zvechizarira.

LSD-shanduro Zvakanakisa wakanyatsokodzera ichi, zvakaenzana kuparadzira chekubuda simba uye kudzivisa kuti mumwe muti anowana simba rose, uye mumwe inoramba mira. Nehasha zvimwechete zvinoitika panyaya kana uri kutyaira mitambo motokari. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi, chinangwa chako hachisi kukurira akaoma uye kukurira Asphalt pakutanga.

Kana kanenge kamwe kuonekwa sezvo mufambi motokari ichatanga panguva kumhanya kubva panzvimbo, imi zvachose cherechedzai kuti mavhiri vari scrolled pakutanga - ichi inongova kukonzerwa kukwirira musiyano mumwe musimba dziriko. Limited-pitikoti differential kunoderedza musiyano uyu kuti zvinogamuchirika zvishoma, nokudaro kurerutsa uye kutanga kumhanya mupumburu vhiri. Saka, Somuenzaniso, LSD-differential Vagabond Mujaho muenzaniso achaedza kushomeka kunonyanyisa musiyano pakati simba Rwako, asi pasina rusaruro kune hombe motokari unongotaura.

musimboti oparesheni

Wakatotanga kuendesa pfungwa mukuru sei akunoita akafanana differential, asi hunofanira kutarisa nguva ino yoga. Pashure pezvose, nheyo basa - zvanzi inonyanya kukosha pfungwa yose kunzwisisa mudziyo. Saka, mashandiro ichi pakutanga unoshanda sezvaiitwa chekare, - simba riri yaipiwa kuburikidza migero vaviri, asi muchiitiko chino pane Serial muganhu musiyano pakati masimba maviri izvi, izvo zvinogona kuitwa mu muitiro kufamba.

Somugumisiro, apo nyaya pakaita uye nesimba kuerera anotanga kusapfuudza vanokwanisa romumwe, anoshanda kuti chete zvechizarira. Zvinoguma redistribution simba, asi itangezve ayo kutevedzerwa kuparadzirwa, ndiko, 50 kusvika 50 muzana. torque normalization unokubvumira kubuda ezvinhu akaoma. Mazuva yemashoko differential zvechizarira anoramba kushingaira sokuvapo mamiriro ezvinhu ari kudzokera dzose, kureva kusvikira kuonana pomugwagwa haangazozikamwi zvakazara yakadzorerwa.

Types LSD-differential

Sezvo yava zvakajeka, zvigadziriswe izvi handizvo chete motokari munyika. Zvisinei, ivo pachavo vari rakakamurwa mifananidzo, yaunofanira kufunga zvizere. Saka, huru mhando pane vaviri chete, asi vanoshanda mitemo yakasiyana zvachose. First marongerwo iyo inobva musiyano pakati aikanganiswa velocity, apo rechipiri - pamusoro aikanganiswa musiyano nokubata torque. Zvisinei, kana zvakadaro musiyano chakakurisa kubhadhara pfungwa iyi? Ndiyo nguva yokuti vadzidze nezvazvo.

Kusiyana LSD-differentials

Saka, kana kusarudza pakati zvigadziriswe maviri, rimwe iro zvaanopa simba zvechizarira, zvichienderana musiyano nokukurumidza, uye mumwe - zvichienderana musiyano torque, ndoupi uchifanira kusarudza?

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti wokutanga mhando zvakawanda nevakawanda, rinoshandiswa mune motokari dzakawanda dziri kumhanya LSD-differential. Saka, zvinokosha kuti sarudzo dziri nyasha payo. Zvikonzero kune vakawanda maviri. Chokutanga ndechokuti differential unoshanda kunokwana magadzirirwo inobva viscous coupling - a kumbonyanya nyore mashandiro ari nyore uye chipa kubereka. Naizvozvo, nomutengo differential vakadaro vachava yakaderera, ukuwo zvokuimba Pazvibato zvechizarira rechipiri mhando ndiyo anodhura kugadzira uye zvakawanda saka zvinodhura kana kutenga.

Chikonzero chechipiri iri nyore uye unpretentiousness viskomufty - haufaniri kuzvitarisira naye, uye kana chimwe chinhu chinoitika, ipapo rokugadziridza achava nyore uye yakachipa. Kana tikafunga mhando differential wechipiri, magadzirirwo pane zvakanaka kunzwisisa, ane vakawanda zvikamu, saka kuti rokugadzira LSD-differential achava zvakaoma uye kudhura.

Differentials kuti vari kunzwisisa nokukurumidza musiyano

Zvino inguva tanyatsoongorora zvipenyu izvi zviviri, sezvo ivo vari zvakare pane nokugoverwa - sezvaungaona, nyaya iri kure nokuva nyore sezvo aigona sokuti pakutanga.

Saka, wokutanga shanduro zvigadziriswe kwakavakirwa aikanganiswa pakukurumidza musiyano - chinhu viscous differential. Unofanira kunyatsofunga chaizvo kusarudza mafuta hworudzi urwu LSD-differential, nekuti pano rinokosha basa reDare silicone gel, izvo hakufaniri hwakakanyiwa namafuta. Uyewo viscous coupling, kuti ndicho chikuru dura mudziyo rakanamwa.

Kutaura zvazviri, chaiyo nokuda gel uye kuwana imwe huru zvakanakira kwakadai differential - vachishanda chaizvo zvakanaka nokuda kuchinja ehupfumi pakati gel. Pamusana kwaari haazombotaurwi aliasing, riri dambudziko transmissions zhinji. Uye akapiwa chokwadi chokuti motokari indasitiri zvino kunyanya zvainanga kuvandudza ichinyaradzwa mutyairi vakatakurwa, pfuma iyi zvave chinokosha chaizvo.

Asi musafunga kuti ichi mhando differential wakakwana - ine zvainovhiringidzawo ayo. Somuenzaniso, basa ino riri kuitwa Urume kumanikidzwa, apo chikamu simba akarasika, uye saka kunowedzera huni rinodyiwa. Uyewo usakanganwa kuti akadaro mashandiro zvikuru tisanzwe dzakakwirira mitoro, kuti mumwe nomumwe simba Towing kushanda kwayo kuchaita kudukupiswa. Uye, chokwadi, nokuti LSD-differential mafuta, iyo yakanga ichikurukurwa kare kumusoro, zvinofanira kuva high quality, sezvo viscous coupling aine yakawedzerwa aikanganiswa compaction.

Zvisinei, pane rumwe rudzi differential anenge pakukurumidza musiyano - Ivo unoshanda pahwaro gertornogo pombi. Uyu hwakanaka ichangopfuura Michina - zvakawanda zvakananga, akatanga kugamuchira budiriro pamwe kombiyuta mberi, sezvo gertornym pombi mutyairi anogona kushanda vakazvimiririra munyika motokari ano. Kuti munguva pfupi iri kuuya iri kutarisirwa chaizvo ichi mhando chichava zvikuru nevanhu - iri wakaiswa Somuenzaniso, musi motokari zvose Toyota. Asi usakanganwa kuti unofanira zvino kunyatsoongorora kusarudza mafuta LSD. Differential Toyota nevamwe pezvitsiga vashandise zvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano izvi inonyatsoziva nawo.

Differentials kuti vari kunzwisisa musiyano nokubata torque

Eya, uye wechipiri mhando, sezvamunoziva, hazvina inonyatsoziva nokukurumidza musiyano, uye nokupfuuridzirwa torque. Sezvingatarisirwa, magadzirirwe mashandiro ichi kwakasiyana chaizvo - kazhinji musi pamusika kundosangana zvemaziso differentials honye mhando. basa ravo kuitira kuti otomatiki nokukiya iri chiitiko kuti musiyano pakati torques mune dzimba uye nemotokari mugodhi akapfuudza bvumidzwa ndozvakajairwa. Somugumisiro, kana musiyano ichiwedzerwa isingagamuchiriki chaitwa, saka pane zvaitika redistribution kuti torque.

Zvinokosha kuteerera chokwadi kuti zvechizarira hakusi kwakakwana, kuti, zvinoenderana nokuti chaizvo chii musiyano muviri uye torque yacho nemotokari mugodhi. Kazhinji ichi ndicho rwemberi differential LSD - zvinoreva kuti hazvina hwakasimbiswa mberi uye necheseri ekisero mumotokari.

Unogona kuwana mbiri kupfuura mukurumbira Sub-mhando mashandiro ichi - uye kvayf Thorsen. Origin aumba zvakananga kubva pamashoko maviri Chirungu, torque uye vachifunga, iro anoshandura se "torque" uye "nehanya", ukuwo.

Zvakanaka, zvino munoziva zvinhu zvose zvaunofanira kuziva zvakadaro mashandiro sezvo LSD differential. Toyota, BMW, Mercedes uye zvose kutungamirira mavanga mota nhasi vari dzinenge nguva dzose vakagadzirira pamwe yakadaro mano ndechokuti panguva ivo zvikuru.