Mapurani Santiago Calatrava yaro yakakurumbira zvirongwa

Inspiration, kudzidzwa landscape, zvekushandisa zvinogadzirisa, simbi uye kongiri - huru zvinoumba zvikuru uye dzichipfekeka zvivako, akasikwa kubudikidza kunozivikanwa mapurani ane zvivakwa hazvigoni kukanganwa kana kamwe kumboona. Uyu Santiago Calatrava. mabasa ake vari rakatangwa muna Spain, Switzerland, USA, Canada. Kusika munhu uyu unokosha, akazivikanwa pose uye scandalous. Calatrava ichiraramisa chero nzvimbo, zvichiita vakanaka uye dzichipfekeka. mapurani Spanish vawana kuzivikanwa nokuda futuristic manyorerwo, zvekushandisa utsanzi uye aesthetics mukuvaka akagadzira uye rakatangwa.

Santiago Calatrava: Biography

Near Valencia July 28, 1951 akaberekwa remangwana muvaki mabhiriji, pazviteshi, dzemitambo uye nedzimwe nhengo kuti mararamiro avo kujairika chitarisiko. Santiago basa wababa vake, kunyange nezvezvandaifanira zvebhizimisi basa, asi aida unyanzvi uye aida kuti vatidzidzise kuti mifananidzo uye zvinhu zvakaratidzwa nyika mwanakomana wake. Saka, pazera mukomana akaenda Prado Museum uye akatanga kufarira mufananidzo uye chivezwa. Mumakore masere, Santiago Calatrava zvinotyisa kare vanoratidzwa pamusoro Whatman papepa pane uri chikoro Valencia.

Makore inonetsa kuSpain dzinoti mberi nedzidzo kunze kwake chizvarwa mamiriro. Mumakore 13, vabereki vane mwanakomana rwendo kuenda Paris ari mudzidzi Exchange chirongwa, apo akazadzwa ukuru mavakirwo guta rino rakanaka. Danho rinotevera kuwana basa akadzidziswa panguva Polytechnic University of Valencia, Santiago Calatrava raakanga kudzidza muna 1973. Makore maviri gare gare, Muchinda akaenda Switzerland, apo akaramba kudzidza kufarira chinhu mumunda okuvaka, asi somunhu injiniya. Makore mana Santiago akadzidza paUniversity of Technology pamusoro Zurich. Pakazosvika 1981, akava chiremba sciences hwokugadzira uye muvambi Studio ose mapurani uye kuvakwa muSwitzerland.

Wokutanga basa uye kuzivikanwa

Mumwe zvirongwa okutanga, vaiuya Kuzivikanwa dzakawanda Santiago, aiva kuchiteshi (Stadelhofen) muna Zurich. Kunyange zvazvo muchidimbu mapurani fungidziro akazviratidza muSantiago richiri chikoro. With kwavo kwesayenzi navo, iye akagadzira uye vakavaka dziva. Asi hazvina chaizvo nyore mitambo Zvivako, Kuziva zvayo zvinokwanisika kuchengeta Vanopfuura nokuda vanoshambira pazasi.

Projects Santiago Calatrava muna 1986 akawedzera mutsva Implementation chirongwa kugadzirwa yanyatsosimba kongiri zambuko motokari kuenda nomutauro wake Valencia. Papera gore muduku nyanzvi kuti basa iri rakanga paakavapa International Union of Architects.

Muna 1989, Calatrava uye basa rake akasvika kukunda French kuvakwa pamusika. Panguva iyoyowo akazarura Studio yake Paris uye akagadzira chitima yeredhiyo Lyon. Santiago Calatrava akazarura muna 1991 muna Valencia raida mapurani uye kuvakwa.

Olympics

Countries umo inoshanyirwa dzakawanda dzemitambo, sezvinoita mutemo, edzai kuwana vaenzi wechokwadi, kushamisa vashanyi mapurani zvivako uye sangano romutambo. Saka, zvose makore zvakanakisisa vanachiremba vaiita kuti gadziriro Olympic Games. Muna 1992, ivo yemitambo zhizha dzakaitwa Barcelona, uye nokuda kwavo shanduro kwaida telecommunication shongwe. Chokwadi, murongedzeri Santiago Calatrava kwave vakasarudzwa Hurumende sezvo nyanzvi kuvaka nzvimbo panzvimbo chikuru munyika.

Pagomo Montjuïc 136-mita shongwe yakavakwa mumakore matatu. Calatrava pfungwa yaiva kusika chivakwa pamwe mutambi tochi. Panguva strangeness iyi haina kuguma. The spire rudzi museve maawa, iro rikawira pasi pomumvuri neshongwe nechigadziko, nokudaro inoratidza nguva.

Summer Olympics 1992 - kwete chete zvemitambo chiitiko, apo akasiya rupawo wake basa Spanish musiki. Muna 2004, Santiago Calatrava, akakokwa kuti vavakezve veAteni mitambo dzakaoma.

Movement - hwaro basa murongedzeri

The mapurani kuvaka chinozoiswa kurondwa kukwezvana dzake nezvifambiso zvinosvika uye kuvandudza kwevanhu. Asi pakati mabasa tenzi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa chokugara skyscraper muna Malmo. Klauzury Santiago Calatrava, rwakazokura hwaro kwezvisikwa imba kunoshamisa, raiva pfungwa kufamba. Mune rimwe hurukuro rakaitirwa Moscow Institute, Santiago akati: "Architecture aripo vanhu, uye vanhu muviri sei mavakirwo tichitarisa zvikuru, mutinhimira uye hukuru."

Chivako ine pfumbamwe zvikamu pentagons, chimwe nechimwe iri pamapuriro shanu. Mumwe chidimbu akamonyanisa panyaya yapfuura uye okupedzisira idzodzo madhigirii 90 hama kune wokutanga. Makore mana kuvaka zvivako. Muna 2005, ivo 190-mita shongwe yakanga pamutemo akazarurwa. Nanhasi ndiyo imwe huru zvinokwezva kuSweden, uye wechipiri chirefu kupfuura chivako Europe.

Pakutanga remakore rechi21, kuwana kondinendi itsva

Muna 2001, munyika State of Wisconsin, pedyo huripo uri Museum yakaoma, akasimuka metende wechitatu Kvadrachchi. Dzepasi ceilings, chinjwa zuva visor-kufanana kutsvaira wamapapiro kweshiri, - inokosha STRUCTURAL pamasikiro chivakwa, akasikwa kubudikidza shasha akafanana Santiago Calatrava. Photo guru magadzirirwo chinokushamisa rayo aesthetic uye chinokwezva mapoka evashanyi kuna Lake Michigan. Glass Pavilion vaenzi ane chimiro parábola. Zvivako All miziyamu Calatrava vakabatana kuva chete kunzwisisa kunzwisisa samambure chime mabhiriji.

Mumwe Kukwezva, chete nguva ino South America, rakatangwa muna 2001 maererano Spanish mapurani pfungwa. Zvakava bridge the Wonder. Engineering kuvamba riri nechepakati Bridge mufambo nokuda kwemutemo midziyo makuru. Maererano musiki, izvozvo afemerwa kuvaka mumhanzi womunharaunda kuvaka ichi. Uye mapurani mudzidziso mutinhimira vakanzwa mukusika bhiriji Buenos Aires.

"The City of Arts uye Sciences"

Engineer Santiago Calatrava kuvamba vaisagona kukanganwa nyika yake yaakaberekerwa. Kwete kure Valencia, munzvimbo 350,000 mamita ^2, ndiko rakasiyana kunzwisisa yakatsaurirwa kuna tsika uye zvesayenzi kukura. Pezvokuvamba "guta" tanga ndivo: a chiumbwa chomufananidzo wenyika, ari mabhaisikopo uye mitambo yakawanda Laser. Muna 2000 iye akavhura Museum Science, uyewo landscaped paki. Kwapera nguva, kuvhurika Europe guru oceanarium chairatidzika rehapa. Basa ndekwaMwari Felix Candela, murongedzeri, pamwe Calatrava pokuita pakuvaka nzvimbo kufarira Valencia. The wokupedzisira pakuvaka 'guta' akava Opera House. Mapurani kunzwisisa akagadzirirwa vazive munhu tsaukana ounyanzvi, hunhu, zvesainzi.

Usiku, kana chiedza chinobva mukati nezvivakwa uye vakakomberedza kwasviba, zvisikwa izvi zvose kufanana marangwanda mhuka.

tsoropodzo

Santiago zvirongwa kwete chete kuzivikanwa, asi inodhura. Uyezve, wokupedzisira mutengo basa akapfuudza pokuiswa nokufungidzira, uye pane gakava pamusoro mashoko Implementation. Mumakore achangopfuura, zvivako Calatrava ndivo musimboti chigumbuso.

"The City of Arts uye Sciences" akaita akakwanisa muna mamiriyoni 900 euros, inova katatu kupfuura kutanga bhajeti. Zvivako zvakaoma panguva yaro nokutumwa vasina yenjodzi migumo uye moto kupunyuka, kunyange pashure zvikanganiso zvabviswa Santiago, asi tichiregeredza paruzhinji mari.

Engineer Santiago Calatrava, ndinosika yendege chinouraya muna Bilbao, kwete kufungawo inogona chacho. Saka, vanenge vane vakapfuura tsika kuzvidzora, aifanira kutarisira kugashira mukwende mumugwagwa. Muna 2000, nhandare yendege iri pasi kuchaitwa zvikanganiso.

Bridge zubizuri rwakagadzirira pamwe Slabs regirazi nemamiriro okunze kuchinaya zvakaratidza zvinorwadza nzvimbo. Constitution Bridge muVenice uyewo yave achitsoropodzwa. Zvikonzero zviri chete nguva kwete uye katatu Mari yaidiwa kuvaka, asi functionality. Hapana ramps, zviri zvakare pamawere, zvichiita kuti zviome kufamba vakwegura.

The chiteshi mu New York City

Kuvakwa pachivande S-rautateiden chezvitima chiri muNew York City musi nzvimbo mapatya shongwe chiri kuitwa pamusoro zvaMambo Calatrava. Design Zvivako pamusoro pevhu pamwero anotarira seshiri asunungurwa kubva pamaoko mwana. Inside pane subways, zvemabhazi, pazviteshi, ane masvingo dziri yemabhura. Pakupera mabasa ari vakaronga kuti 2016 pamwe mari bhiriyoni 4, kunyange zvazvo pakutanga akagadzirirwa kweDzimba yakanga $ 1.9 billion.

Rimwe bhuku yakavimbika iri bhuku aiti kuti mutengo pakuvaka yemapurisa nemaune rudo vanokosha. Nokusimbisa odhita rakasimba, iyo akarayira basa racho kubva Spanish mapurani.

mhedziso

Achipindura nokutsoropodzwa chingataurwa achidzivirira murongedzeri kuti ano vatengi vake - vari achidzokorora vatengi. "Chinangwa zvivako angu - kuita guta rino yakasiyana uye rokuvandudza ruzivo kwevanhu," - akati Santiago Calatrava. Zvinotyisa - ndiwo kudanwa kwake. Zvaizoratidza sokuti chii zvingakushamisa kugadzirwa uye Implementation kuti zvinokosha mapurani zvinhu, zvakadai mabhiriji, zvechitima? Mabasa Spanish musiki, muri zvivakwa, pazvivako, zvivako, akakodzera kuteererwa.

Ndiye muvambi mapurani zvivako mashanu, uye vanopfuura gumi nevaviri anoshanda ichiri pasi kukura.