Mishka Jap: Biography, upenyu hwomunhu. The yakakurumbira Odessa raider

Mishka Jap - the kunozivikanwa mutungamiri Odessa makororo. Panguva iyoyo, akanga aita akawanda ruzha Odessa, uye pashure porufu rwake pamusoro sokuudzwa vakawanda nyaya, wechokwadi uye kwete. Asi murume uyu zvakajeka akaburuka munhau. Mudzimai wake Tsilya Averman, ichinyatsozivikanwa runako kwayo, asi nyaya iyi haisi pamusoro wake, asi anenge aimbova vakagona kukunda Odessa paSheori.

Origin uye muduku

The ramangwana mutungamiri Odessa zvisiri pamutemo uye raiders akaberekwa October 30, 1891 mu Odessa, mumwoyo Moldavian. In magwaro rakachengetedzwa yakanyorwa sezvo Moshe-Yakov Volfovich Vinnitsky. Baba Jap-ainzi Meer Folf, aiva muridzi izvozopromyshlennogo masangano, mune mamwe mazwi, drayman. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, hunhu hwaiva tsvarakadenga huru, uye aida kuti anwe, uye kuita chibhakera kurwisana.

In Moyshe Vinnitskogo aiva hanzvadzi yakwegura, Jack, uye hama mbiri duku - Abhurahamu naIsaka. Sister Inopupurira Jap kutambura Graves 'chirwere uye akafa muna 1923. Hama vaigara Odessa, uye Isaka, gotwe vavo, muna 1973, akatamira nemhuri yake kuUnited States.

Bear dzidzo yepuraimari musinagogi, pashure pokupedza kudzidza ikoko mashoma makirasi chikuru. Times vaiva nesimba, uye baba vangu akanga asingafari kuti mwanakomana wake akanga agere usimbe, nokuti chii vane pamba kazhinji bopoto kwakaitika. Aida mwanakomana wake kuti ave mubatsiri wake, achipfuurira izvozopromyshlennoe baba vake, ukuwo Bears mai dai kuti akambova musinagoge. Asi jaya iyi vaiva zvavaifunga uye pfungwa. izvi zvose zvaiita kwaari mikukutu uye uninteresting, iye dzakazova padunhu upenyu. Uye aiziva kuti kuenda dhanzi dzimba, achiperekedzwa vakadzi wakanaka unogona kuwana chete vane mari uye simba. Uye ipapo akasarudza kuti achaita hazvo kuzadzisa izvi zvose uye akava Mambo Odessa. Filmed muna 2011, rimwe firimu pamusoro Mishka Jap inoti uwane nhoroondo Odessa gororo upenyu.

A zvishoma pamusoro Moldavanka

mhuri dzavo yaigara Moldavanka, ndiye pedyo weChicago wakasununguka chengarava Odessa. Kuburikidza Wakapfuurira rakawanda chaizvo chitsotsi nenhumbi, waimira seinokonzera variritire mhuri dzakawanda uye nemhuri Odessa. Asi basa iri rinogona chete kubata kwako. Moldavian mazvake adzo, nekuti vanenge vose vaigaramo vaiva zvakawanda kana zvishoma chokuita nechitsotsi. Kamwe payo kwakasimbiswa yayo mhosva mhando, chakasiyana kunzvimbo idzi. raiders aya kushanda dunhu chaiyo, kuita wokurangana pamwe varidzi mahotera, shopkeepers uye cabbies. The kunopamba, ugororo uye chigadzirwa kumusika pamwe simbi raanoziva, uye vaya vari kupfuura wakakomborerwa, ipapo akakwanisa kupfuma uye kutanga mabhizimisi avo.

Kunyange Moldavian vana vaiva mitambo yavo, umo vakapa pachavo kune wakachenjera zvisiri pamutemo ferried nhumbi, kumhanya raiders kutorera muchitoro. Vose akarota yokupukunyuka urombo, uye vanhu vaiita zvaiva zvifananidzo zvavo. About upenyu uye akanga Inopupurira Jap, asi pamusoro kuti akanga achiri muduku, vainyatsoongorora dzamaoko zvisiri pamutemo, makororo nevamwe vatambi ino. In musoro wake vakaberekwa, pfungwa itsva uye pfungwa sei kuita "bhizimisi". Zvadaro rimwe zuva akasarudza kutora mukana ...

Kuvamba mhosva basa

Muna August 1907 remangwana mutungamiriri Odessa makororo, uyo panguva iyoyo akanga asina kunyange makore ane gumi namatanhatu, akatora mugove kupambwa imwe youpfu chitoro. Zvose akaenda zvakanaka, saka musi waOctober 29, iye zvakare akavhiringidza, nguva ino ari mupfumi mufurati. Vamusunga pakarepo. December 6 munguva kuzopamba pamusoro yepfambi akasungwa Mishka Jap. Biography bhanditi mberi rinotaura dare akatongera naye kwemakore 12 mujeri.

Mujeri Bear akaramba musoro wake uye akaratidza zvose ake unyanzvi, kuumba munhu unoziva zano naro akakwanisa kusunungurwa mberi purogiramu. Akakwanisa crank dzimwe kubiridzira nemagwaro, kutumirana mashoko chete musha mukomana, uyo akatora pasi bapiro ake. Kwapera nguva chitsotsi wawanikwa, asi mapurisa mhosva vakatadza mutsai hype, kwete kuda vaudze vakuru ake pamusoro gaffes ake.

Free Vinnitsa akafunga kuti ndiyo nguva kutanga kukunda paSheori pamusoro Odessa. Life Inopupurira Jap, uyo akanga chete anenge 24 makore zvakachinja pashure akasarudza kuuya Gerishomi Mayer, ishe Moldavanka mbavha. Anopa kugutsurira kundopinda ari Bears 'mhosva'. Vinnitsa awana nzendo itsva uye kubva iyoyo anova Jap. Iye zvinobudirira anoita basa yokutanga basa naye uye zvishoma nezvishoma mari nomukurumbira munyika tsotsi nyika. Over nguva Jap akaronga yake nechikwata, pakutanga zvinosanganisira mashanu muduku shamwari yake. Shortstop Dzinogara zvaibiwa kwakaenderera zvitoro uye mafekitari, uye dzeAkituro ari pfupi nguva kunoita kutaura pachavo Odessa zvose.

Kukunda Odessa uye kwete chete

Zvechokwadi Jap aiva zvinoshamisa munhu, nekuti pashure pemakore maviri chete, rinenge Sheori rose Odessa akabvuma iye somutungamiriri wavo, uye zvinenge zviuru zvinoverengeka zvisiri pamutemo uye raiders. Kubvira Meyer Hirsh anova rwake rworudyi, sezvo zvakafanira kubatsira kubatanidza zvose Odessa emakoronyera imwe huru dyidzana boka. Kwose kwose Jap vane vanhu vavo, uye shopkeepers zhinji uye vatengesi vanenge vakagadzirira kubhadhara mutero wokutanga kutungamirira, muri kumutya sezvinoita denda.

Mapurisa Jap vanewo vanhu vavo, kuzivisa nayo chinotangira kuuya vachirwisa uye zvinogona kukubatsirai kuziva kuti ndiani uye chii unofanira kupa chiokomuhomwe. Nokure zvido Bears Vinnitsa harisi chete Odessa - waakadzosa ari "mhosva" kure nemiganhu yayo, sangano mhosva Syndicate, raisanganisira boka mapurovhinzi akawanda Russian. Dzakadaro Russian Empire rakanga risati. Kubva munyika akapiwa mari zvakananga Treasury Jap.

Basa "sangano" rake rave debugged uye anoruka, kwakanga basa rake, mumwe nomumwe anoita basa rayo. Gunners, mbavha, vanobhadharwa vavaurayi kushandira Jap, akatambira mari yakawanda kuti "mabasa" avo.

Gororo kana mambo?

About Vinnitsa kutakura nhumbi ngano. Chunky dandy, akapfeka mufashoni hembe, akafamba Deribasovskaya vachengetedzi, vakasarudzwa pakati zvikuru nesimba-Musimboti hijackers. Avo akasangana munzira, akakotamira kwaari, uye akapa nzira. Zuva nezuva Mishka Jap, Biography unotiudza nezvake somunhu akachenjera, uye kunyange kuumbwa, vakapinda Fanconi Datenroku, kuunganidzwa nevaichinja uye zvemarudzi ose nevaya vanofungidzira, uye saka Vinnitsa aigara achiziva zvose zvaibva kwema uye zvimwe vezvokutengeserana zviitiko. Nokuti zvose zvayo upenyu akapfuma uye pfupi akanga akaroora kamwe chete - kumwe muna 1917-18. mudzimai wake akava Tsilya Averman, runako iro vomunguva vakataura ndikashamisika nekushamisika kukuru.

Mishka Jap haana kuitirwa kuti shoma bedzi nesimba uye mari, saka akasarudza kupinda vanonzi "Code hijacker" vasiri zvaidiwa iyo mutadzi asingagoni chete kutongerwa nezvekubudiswa "bhizimisi", uye pamwechete kuurayiwa. Zvisinei, akasarudza kuita pasina Vinnitsa "mokruhu". Paiva kutaura kuti haangagoni kumira pamberi ropa uye anogona kurasikirwa kuziva nyore mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana. Panyaya "bumbiro", maererano nomumwe mitemo, makororo airambidzwa kubira vanachiremba, vemifananidzo uye magweta avo vakapiwa kodzero yokurarama uye basa.

Mishka Jap, ane pachake upenyu rakanyatsojeka enigmatic nevaongorori vakawanda vachitsvaka kuti kuzivikanwa madenderedzwa ari intelligentsia. Kunyange zvazvo nhengo dzakawanda munzanga achinzvenga uye vachimutya, Vinnitsa kakawanda akazviratidza siyana evanhu dzoga, ingava dhanzi, kana musangano chaiko, apo akanzwa naye. Young uye akanaka mukadzi Inopupurira Jap dzinenge nguva dzose pamwe naye panguva danidziro kuti siyana evanhu zviitiko. Akanga kuzivana zhinji kwazvo vanhu nguva, vanhu vanotaura kuti pakati pavo paiva Fyodor Chaliapin. Uyewo ndaifarira kuronga ruzha mabiko, apo matafura vakaremedzwa zvakawanda ose nezvikafu zvishoma uye midzimu, idzo vagari Moldavian remadunhurirwa iye Mambo.

Jap kunetsana nezviremera

Panguva Civil War, mhirizhonga kwakanga kwese, kusanganisira Odessa, izvo 1917-1918. simba change kanopfuura kamwe. Mumwe nomumwe wavo akaedza kuisa mitemo yavo pachavo, asi Jap rakaramba simba pasi chero hurumende, nekuti akanga manomano uye akachenjera, kuita pamusoro kunharaunda yayo, yaakanga uye vanhu vake kuti vazive zviri nyore dzavo. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo pakati kurwa pakati Civil War pasi utungamiriri Jap aigona kusvika zviuru 10. Man.

Mihail Vinnitsky aiva simba guru Odessa, saka zviremera vakatora vanopfuura mumwe kuedza kuti iye mumugwagwa. Somuenzaniso, pane imwe nguva apo guta maiva White Guards, General Denikin Schilling akarayira kutsemuka pasi Jap, asi counterintelligence mukuru uyo akatevera naye Datenroku Fanconi, vakatadza vagomuuraya gwapa, saka taitofanira kutora iye neni. Runyerekupe pamusoro pekusungwa mutungamiri Odessa makororo pamwe rinoshamisa nokukurumidza akapararira guta uye ukasvika Moldavian, saka hafu yeawa Kwapera, makororo nezvombo vakauya vachimhanya vachibva kumativi ose kuti ivakwe yemabhuku-njere. Pakupedzisira, General Schilling akamanikidzwa kurega zviri Jap kupinda dzomusango.

Gare gare Vinnitsa akaedza kusvika mashoko pamwe nevachena asi vakaramba kuenda vachionana, saka kuti akataura hondo pamusoro pavo. Kubvira ipapo pakati Odessa makororo uye chena zviri kugara Kusanzwisisana. Uyewo, hurumende iri kuramba kushora Jap, usaenda mberi pane kuti, uye vagomusunga zvisingagadziriswi.

Jap uye vaKomonisiti

Muchirimo cha1919 iri Odessa Bolsheviks vakauya zvakare. Pakutanga, vakanga vakawanda vakavimbika kuna Jap uye kunyange nyaya kwaari rubatsiro Somuenzaniso, akakumbirwa kuti aronge hurongwa mazuva rudo Concerts. Saka, musi rose guru kuziviswa Odessa anoudza pamusoro akaturikwa kuti hurongwa muguta inopiwa uye zvaibiwa kwakaenderera haangazorori kusvikira mbiri mangwanani. Zvakanzi yakasainwa: "Mishka Jap." Biography of akakurumbira segororo uye zvinosanganisira vakadaro anonakidza. Zvino vanhu vake kwete chete kurega zvaibiwa kwakaenderera, asi ivo pachavo vari kuita kuunza runyararo muguta.

Nokufamba kwenguva, zvitsvuku, somumwe simba, vakatanga kuisa mitemo yavo Odessa. Mikhail Vinnytsia navarume vake vave vachitambudzwa. Jap yakagadzirira uye vakatanga rounding anowanzoita vakanzwisisa basa hurumende itsva, asi nokukurumidza Bolsheviks akatanga pasina kutongwa kupfura vana vake. The mutungamiri raiders uye zvisiri pamutemo vakasarudza kuti nguva nhema shoma. Aitsanangura zvinhu munyika, uye vakagumisa kuti Bolsheviks vanogona kuramba simba kwenguva refu.

Aifanira kuponesa mauto ake ezviuru zhinji, uye kuti vabudirire ichi aigona nenzira mbiri chete kukunda kana mapfumo.

Kuitawo Civil War

Pusa Jap kukwira kuronga uye pakarepo dzinotanga dzika nayo. Chokutanga, akabudisa tsamba mupepanhau, iyo rinowanikwa munhu kamwe uyo akashanda kwemakore 12 nokuda kwake echimurenga mabasa. Anonyora kuti akarwa pamberi, akatora chikamu mune dispersal pamusoro aipikisana zvisungo, uye kunyange vakashanyira mukuru ane warrior chitima ... Asi mhinduro tsamba yake, haana kugamuchira.

Pakutanga June 1919 Vinnitsa pachake akataura kuti Special dhipatimendi Cheka 3rd Ukrainian Army uye anorayira vateereri pamwe webasa rake. Mishka Jap, uyo Biography kubva nguva anotiudza pamusoro wake mubasa Civil War, anokumbira mvumo aumbe yokuzviparadzanisa ake nevarume pasi murayiro yake, uye kuti vabatane naye panhengo Red Army. Vakuru vakuru vakapa mutema chiedza uye nokukurumidza mutungamiri Odessa makororo inotungamirirwa achangobva akasikwa "54th hondo Soviet," anoumbwa vanhu 2400.

Nechekare muna July Jap hondo akatumirwa kuva Kuhondo. Apo ichangobva yakagadzirwa masoja kamwe mubasa zvaibiwa kwakaenderera uye nechitsotsi, vakaenda mberi, ndakasvika kuvaona kure anenge vose Odessa. Vanhu vakanga vachichema uye t hengechepfu. Odessans vanozvikudza revapanduki avo. Film pamusoro Mishka Jap, izvo chete akakunda pechiitiko ichi, zvakakwana rinopa kuitika nguva.

Jap hondo yakava chikamu 2nd Brigade Kotovskogo, izvo, sezvinei, akwegura shamwari mutungamiri revapanduki. Chehondo muchirongwa hondo pamwe varwi Simona Petlyury uye kubudirira nemigumisiro yakanaka. Asi vatungamiri Red Army, pakati pavo pakange Kotovskij hanya kukura simba Vinnitsa pamusoro evadzimi. Vakaronga kumuuraya uye ake hondo kuti ndisunungure hudyu. Asi sezvo mukuru Red Army haana kugona kuuraya saizvozvo, pasina kutongwa, vakasarudza musungo kwaari.

King rufu

Bheya Vinnitsa akatumira kumuzinda yekuita "replenishment". Uyezve, iye akaudza kuti zviri kumirira basa idzva, asi Jap yakanga yakanyanya akangwara, saka akabva akava vakanyumwa. Kuti aponese vanhu vake, akarayira vakawanda vavo pachavo kuenda Odessa nenzira yokupoterera nzira. Iye pachake anotora zvishoma kupfuura varume zana uye akatuma "replenishment". Pane imwe nhepfenyuro, pamwe nevarume vake, iye ari kuuya chitima uye anotora chitima, achiudza opareta kutevera Odessa. Zvakazoitika, achirondedzera okupedzisira nguva upenyu Odessa gororo, zvikuru zvakajeka kuburitswa dzinoti "The Life uye Adventures pakati Mishka Jap."

Haana takatondeswa kuenda kumusha. Mumwe vanhu Vinnitsa, nomumiririri 54th chemazana chehondo, Alexander Feldman, aiva mutengesi, zvapinda basa pamusoro zvinovavarirwa Vinnitsa. Train Jap, iro Terminus iro raizova Odessa, vakayambuka Voznesensk, apo akanga achimirira vamabhiza kupesana. varwi vake yakapfigwa muna motokari, uye Jap akanzi akasungwa. Mushure akaramba yokuupa zvombo zvavo, mukuru yokuzviparadzanisa yakasvika shure kwake Nikifor Ursula akapfura naye shure. Mabheya Jap rufu haana nguva imwe, Red Army aifanira kupfura zvakare. Saka akanga auraya mutungamiri yakakurumbira Odessa zvisiri pamutemo uye raiders.

mamwe mashoko

Taitaura zvakawanda pamusoro Yaponchik, asi zvinenge hapana kutaura mhuri yake. Mudzimai Tsilya Averman zvishoma zvinozivikanwa, asi kuti iye ndiye wokutanga uye chete nomudzimai wake. Pashure murume akaurayiwa, mukadzi wake Inopupurira Jap ukabudira uye vakagara muFrance, kwaaigara navamwe hwake. Tinozivawo kuti vaiva mwanasikana, ainzi Adele. Celia, enda kunze, asingagoni kutora navo Hell. Mwanasikana Bears Jap makore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake kupedzerwa Baku, apo akafa muna 1990

Bheya Vinnitsa akanga akakurumbira muupenyu hwake uye pashure pokufa kwake akava ngano zvachose. About akaudzwa nyaya zhinji, vazhinji iyo, zvichida, havasi vechokwadi, asi ivo vari uchapupu kukurumbira pakati Odessa gororo. munyori Soviet Isaac Bhabheri akasika munhu hunhu Benya Krik, zvikabva iyo yaiva Jap. Uye muna 2011 Serial firimu "The Life uye Adventures pamusoro Mishka Jap" akanga filmed muna Odessa. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zviitiko kuratidzwa mariri havasi vechokwadi, zvavo, firimu yakanaka rinopa chauri kuitika Odessa vokutanga XX remakore ayo raiders, zvisiri pamutemo, uye dzimwe mavara vatambi.