Mark kongiri kuti nheyo yepachivande imba. Chii muchiso nekongiri zvichidikanwa kuti nheyo

Concrete chinhu ano chivakwa zvinhu simba kukwikwidzana dzinongoitika ibwe. yakakwirira waivako Its vaipa nayo kukurumbira kubudisa mhando dzose kuvakwa mabasa, kusanganisira kuvakwa nheyo. Kana chiedza Fittings inogona kushandiswa chengarava hwaro, ipapo zvachose hurongwa kwaida yepamusoro tepi kana murwi hwaro, zvainyanya iyo kuvimba zvakananga pamusoro pakusarudza nekongiri quality, unyanzvi vaiitawo uye mudonzvo kunyatsoongorora vakasarudzwa.

Munyaya ino tichakurukura chii kongiri inoshandiswa nheyo.

Zvinoumba masanganiswa

huru mbiri zvinoriumba zvinogona kupatsanurwa pane chesamende Mix:

• Fractional filler (jecha, ibwe kana mavhu) - "simba" chaikosha kuti anogamuchira mitoro zvose. Vhoriyamu kesimba mu murwiyo - 80%.
• Bhainda, vakawana neZvapupu samende musanganiswa uye mvura. Vhoriyamu kesimba mu murwiyo - 30%.

Nhamba izvi zvinhu zviri chesamende kunovhengana angava akasiyana, zvichienderana zvizivikanwe esimende, filler mwando, kuvapo yokuvirisa. The hwaro - mutakuri chikamu chacho, saka unofanira kusarudza zvakanaka kongiri kunovhengana kupa kuramba magadzirirwo mitoro. Concrete zvinoshanda compression yakaisvonaka unobvumira nheyo kuti abudirire kukunda kumanikidzwa pasi mamiriro. Unowedzera keji kushandiswa nheyo, uye anopa simba iri transverse mirayiridzo panguva ochinja ivhu.

Pakusarudza kongiri kuti hwaro kunoenderana pamasikiro chivakwa kuitwa amisa. Pane akasiyana zvinodiwa kuti nheyo, iyo inotungamira kushandisa tsika zvakawanda kongiri mamakisi.

Kuti tipindure mubvunzo, chii mugiredhi kongiri kuti hwaro private imba rakakodzera, funga dzinokosha marudzi.

Concrete muchiso M100

Zvinoreva lightweight kongiri ane pasi simende kugutsikana. The dzinonyanya kushanda mune regadziriro nhanho basa rokuvaka, apo kudira kongiri kugadzirira. M100 ndiye isingadhuri, asi simba raro zvatariswa kutirambidza kushandisa Semi-zvachose zvivako, zvakadai inodiwa, puranga dzimba, matura.

Concrete muchiso M150

Maererano zvachiri, ichi mugiredhi kongiri hakusi akasiyana zvikuru kubva M100. The dzinonyanya kushanda - regadziriro rokuvaka. From M150 kongiri inogona kuteurirwa chete chiedza kanyika nheyo mumwe-storey dzimba akagadzirwa chiedza matanda kana mhango kutigumbura, mumagaraji uye runotibatsira. mamakisi ichi nekongiri nokuti hwaro private imba iri chete bvumidzwa kana parukangarabwe achaita somunhu yakavimbika nechimwe. Kudzamisa hwaro hazvibviri pamusana ngozi pasi, zvimwe zvaida kushandisa mvura (mvura rabha).

Concrete muchiso M200

kongiri Urwu rwatova simba uye inowanzoshandiswa kuvakwa kuderedzwa Simuka (kusvika storeys maviri) Zvivako vane emapuranga kana simbi matanda. M200 muchiso nekongiri zvinogona kugadzirwa kongiri zvigadzirwa, zvakadai semirwi kana uriri Slabs. Huru mafomu mu chokugara pakuvaka - kudira rokuvambwa pasi pepuranga-emadziro dzimba. Ivhu anobvumirwa chete jecha uye tafura mvura hakufaniri kumutsirwa kukwirira nechando, saka zvakafanira kufunga pamwaka zvakasiyana.

Concrete muchiso M250 uye M300

paavhareji - simende kugutsikana. M250 mugwaro Used fung nekongiri nokuda nheyo dzeimba (nokuti achizadza) kusvika pamapuriro matatu. Mark M300 - Kunogara kongiri, rinoshandiswa mune nheyo nedzimba mapuriro anosvika mashanu. Maererano chivakwa Codes, kongiri muchiso M300 akabvumira kuti pavakwe monolithic Slabs. Rinoshandiswa kana kudira nembiya. Concrete date mavanga angashandiswa pakuberekwa kutsva rokuvambwa pamusoro jecha nevhu, uyewo pasi pakati mavhu kana akapwanyika dombo pfupi mukuru pasi pamwero.

Concrete muchiso M350

Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira pezvitsiga rokuvaka nekongiri. hunopfuura kwazvo M300 simba kwete chete, asiwo chando. Dzinoratidzwa upenyu refu basa rakati.

Yakakodzera kuvaka multi-storey zvivakwa, wakashandiswa pakuvaka inonyaradza, uriri, uye dzimwe nhengo dzinokosha. Pakuvaka chesamende nheyo zvizivikanwe M350 anobvumirwa kushandisa imwe chete-storey imba zvidhinha yokugara. Akakodzera vakaoma nevhu nevhu uye nzvimbo apo mukuru pasi pamwero. Loam nevhu nevhu - rakajairika. Freezing, nevhu kunowedzera bhuku, izvo zvingaita kuti deformation rokuvambwa iri huye zvisiri yasarudzwa mugiredhi kongiri.

Concrete muchiso M400

muchiso uyu ane chaizvo mukuru simba maitiro nokuda yakakwirira kugutsikana ejecha kusarudzirwa filler.

Richishandiswa mamakisi ichi nekongiri nokuti nheyo yepachivande imba. Dzinobvumidzwa nzvimbo kushanda - kuvaka multi-storey zvivakwa (20 storeys kureba).

Chii muchiso nekongiri zvaidikanwa hwaro?

Concrete yakaderera mugwaro isingadhuri, asi paivakwa nheyo iri nani kupa vamwe kumahombekombe yokuchengeteka, kunyanya kune avo zviitiko apo zvinonzi aronga kuti dura yokugara. Chii muchiso nekongiri zvaidikanwa hwaro? Concrete zvinoratidza M350, M400 ane matunhu arambe achirema, uye saka mwando kuchaita pinda therethrough kuipa uye zvigadziko yaizova drier kuvat. Dzimwe nguva, pakuvaka isiri dzinonetsa hurongwa mu ivhu murombo, zvine musoro kufunga kuti zviri nani: kushandisa giredhi yakakwirira nekongiri kana kongiri kuita isingadhuri, asi kubata nheyo mvura kudzivirira pasi.

Nzira nyore kusarudza chii giredhi zvakakodzera nekongiri kuti nheyo dzeimba, chii muchiso kusarudza - zviri kuti ndishushikane yokugadzirwa nokufungidzira kuti akagadzira. It mugwaro zvakakodzera nekongiri anotsanangurwa neimwe mhando basa, kusanganisira zimba, uye mamwe zvivako kuti inogutswa mhinduro, yakadai se:

• arambe achirema
• mvura nemishonga (kudzivirira pasi)
• chando (dzakanga, zvikuru yakakodzera utsinye ekunze)
• fluidity,
• moto.

Zvisinei, mugiredhi kongiri kuti hwaro private imba inogona kugadziridzwa tisingatungamirirwi. Kuti aite izvi, zvinotevera zviri ari kuvakwa zvivako zvinofanira kufungwa:

• uremu kuvakwa, nhamba uriri, kuvapo kana kusavapo yepasi,
• Geological nzvimbo kuferefeta: anofananidzira rwevhu uye pasi mvura udzamu kuwanikwa,
• nheyo ehove zviuno, murwi kana mumwe.

Mumwe nomumwe ari pamusoro zvinoita sei nzira vamwe vanoda kongiri kuti nheyo, chesamende kusarudza pakati zvizivikanwe, azopiwa zvachiri, etc.

On a kongiri monolithic hwaro chiito oppositely rinotungamirirwa mauto ari mukomberedzo. The hwaro zvinofanira kwakawedzera pasi kuitira kuti zvakanga pasi padanho oma. Dzinenge tsika kudzama nechando zvinosiyana zvikuru, zvichienderana ivhu uye okunze. Kazhinji, nokuti pakati-Latitude chando pamwero ndiyo 0.9-1.5 m. Udzamu Its inokurudzirwa kusarudza nevamwe chengetedza. Kuvimba ane tsvina hwaro, kwete pasi oma, achiponesa ubvise hwaro kubva chando nyandu deformation.

Nokuti Pfekenura hwaro kuchaita kukodzera mugiredhi kongiri ezasi, asi dutu, nekusiyana, zvinoda yepamusoro uye kusimba. Pile Nheyo zvinoshandiswa kuvaka multi-storey zvivakwa guru. Strip nheyo kushongedzera yakaderera-vosimba chivakwa.

Selection uye anoumba nekongiri Mix batch mangé

Pasinei yakafanana mazita, giredhi kongiri uye muchiso esimende - yakasiyana zvachose pfungwa. Nhamba iri samende muchiso zvinoreva simba grout.

Nekuti nheyo mamiriro achipfeka chisimbiso ayo kuitira kuti kupa simba transverse, ipapo zviri Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kusarudza mavhu kana mavhu pakati hacho. Zvakanakisisa kupa kubata vakadzvinyirirwa girenayiti mavhu.

Kana jecha, dzidziso rakarumbidza mugungwa, asi zvakakodzera uye akadzikama, kubva mugomba jecha. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti jecha inofanira kutanga wopedza, kudzivisa nevhu uye nezvimwe zvisingadiwi inclusions.

Mvura asina anokosha zvinodiwa, dzakakodzera vanhuwo pombi. Water-simende reshiyo ndiyo 2: 1.

A Nzira vaida ndiko kushandisa chisanganiso, asi zvinokwanisika uye Chinyorwa zvokuimba kokutambudzika mumushonga. Izvi zvinoda hombe capacitance, iro vakawedzera nenzira chaiyo nhamba jecha, mavhu kana akapwanyika ibwe uye simende. Chaibva akaoma zvinoriumba, zvinogona zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera mvura apo anokurudzira nguva dzose kusvikira pachaenzaniswa. Zvakakosha kwete overdo nemvura.

The kukarukureta of zvaida huwandu kongiri

Haushandi kukarukureta tichitarisana nekushaya zvinhu kana yemuraudzo chimiro, riri kunaka.

Vakanzi yoga Mavhoriyamu ndiro ubvise nheyo rinoparadza, mbiru, ayo panguva iyoyo muchidimbu. The akaverenga ukoshi zvikawanda kubudikidza coefficient pakati shrinkage pamusoro kongiri, kwakakura iyo inotorwa pasipoti. Sezvo mavharuvhu uyewo anopindura mumwe vhoriyamu iri formwork, ipapo azvidavirire nokuda mari iyi inofanira kugoverwa raishandiswa pamusoro 1.05 nekongiri. The zvichiguma ukoshi iri vakagumisa.

Chii kongiri runodikanwa hwaro

Mirayiridzo chisarudzo:

• vachinyatsoongorora ngaaverenge kurema mamiriro;
• govera kumucheto nokuda zvichibvira zvikanganiso kana zvinongoerekana;
• kuona udzamu panguva iyo pasi kuitika;
• kuona kubata ivhu uye hwaro remangwana.