Market kukundikana uye basa hurumende iri zvoupfumi

Market kukundikana migumisiro kusakwana pamisika zviridzwa nemasangano. Muchiitiko chino, pane kutadza yenhengo izvi zvinogutsa kugadzirisa socio-zveupfumi nyaya inokosha vanhu. Kana paine chikonzero chinoita kuti zvinhu zvinokosha zviri mumusika mashandiro kushanda standalone muoti regai kupa magariro kunyatsoshanda, muchiitiko ichi pane kuitwa wehurumende Kupindira ari upfumi. About imwe Fiasco wezvokutengeserana vanoti kana vari haakonzeri pfungwa yavaive uye kushandisa zviwanikwa.

Market kukundikana ndivo chipingamupinyi kuti haibvumiri upfumi kuzadzisa munzanga kunyatsoshanda.

Kazhinji, pane mamiriro ezvinhu mana va neudhadha. Dzinotaura nokukundikana mumusika. Izvi zvinosanganisira kukwana (asymmetric) mashoko chindingindingi, paruzhinji zvinhu, externalities.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kumusika havagoni kutungamirira veruzhinji kuita kana basa vamwe vatengi kana vaburitsi ane simba pamusoro yakachengeteka ezvinhu evamwe. Kana izvi zviri zvakanaka, saka pane zvinoonekwa zvazvakanakira. Kana matambudziko ari akaipa, ipapo kwokunze mari kunotangira. Ivowo, chokuita kugadzirwa chero zvakanaka. Social mari zvinosanganisira private mari uye zvimwewo migumisiro kugadzirwa.

Kazhinji kana pane musika kukundikana upfumi ukama ari kupinda ezvinhu. Zvinetso kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Saka, hurumende inoitisa Anti-chindingindingi gwara, ichikutadzisa kugadzirwa zvinhu nezvisingafadzi externalities. Kana izvi zvaitwa kuti zvinowedzera kugadzirwa uye kunwa zvoupfumi zvinhu, vane zvakwakanakira.

Izvi zvinhu ehurumende basa iri kusvika pamwero mumwe muganhu pasi, maererano iyo hurumende chipingaidzo mumusika. Zvisinei, nhasi hurumende ine vaparidzi kwoupfumi mabasa uye anokwanisa zvinobudirira kubvisa musika kukundikana. zvinogona kucherechedzwa pakati guru hurumende kushanda, zvinotevera: pakatanga kwemabasa makomborero, kwezvivako kukura, pakatangwa-siyana Kushivirira uye pensions kuti vagari vanoshayiwa uye nevamwe. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vashoma zviitiko izvi ane ehupfumi chete pachena zvinhu. Vazhinji vavo havana arongera seboka uye somunhu mumwe nomumwe rinodyiwa.

States kutevera antitrust uye Anti-mitengo gwara, anotsvaka achinyanya kuderedza urovha. Power mumakore achangopfuura uye maziso munyaya kurapa STRUCTURAL shanduko, rinokurudzira uye anotsigira zvesayenzi uye kugadzira zvinhu mberi, kuedza kuramba yakakwirira azvipire kukura uye National zvoupfumi. Pamwe nezvavatorwa zveupfumi uye remunharaunda mitemo yemabasa izvi anoratidza mwero kukosha basa rehurumende iri upfumi. Muzana remakore rechi20, midziyo simba vakatsvaka zvinobudirira zvinetso zviviri zviri interconnected pamwe nemumwe. Chokutanga, hurumende akatsvaka nechokwadi kugadzikana nokushanda kumusika. Chechipiri, simba chikwata akanga achiedza kugadzirisa, kana kwete, zvadaro kunyevenutsa chakasimba zveupfumi matambudziko. Zviito zvose izvi akanga achida kudzivisa pamusika kukundikana.

Panguva iyoyowo, sezvataurwa ne vaongorori zhinji, kukurumidza kukura kwehurumende murau havagoni kuenda mberi mberi. Saka, mumamiriro ezvinhu ose pamusika upfumi, simba midziyo mashandiro vane zvimwe zvavasingakwanisi kuita.