Marudzi eesirinhe uye nesingano. Zvirwere zvechiremba: chidimbu uye zviyero

Sirasi (zita racho rinobva kuGermany spritzen-sprinkle) ndiro zita rechishandiswa chinoshandiswa muunyanzvi, kubika nemishonga kuti injove uye kubvisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodhaka kana gasi nenzira yekudzvinyirira pistoni.

Mishonga yemishonga inoshandiswa majojekiti, chirwere chekuongorora zviratidzo, kana kutsamwa kwezvinyorwa zvinokonzerwa nemaronda emumuviri womunhu. Nheyo yebasa rayo ndeyokuti, apo piston inomuka, uye nenyuchi inogadzirirwa mune chero mudziyo une mvura, chivharo chinogadzirwa pakati pechiso nechokushandisa. Sezvo mvura iri mumudziyo inoshandiswa nemhepo yakasviba, inokwira kune imwe nzvimbo.

Chaizvoizvo, sirineni haisi chinhu kunze kwechidzitiro chinopedzeswa cylinder nechigumo chakazaruka (umo pistoni ine tsvimbo inowanikwa) uye nekoni pane imwe mugumo (iyo inosungirirwa nenyuchi). Sirasi dzemazuva ano dzinoshandiswa dzinenge dzakagadzirirwa zvachose zvepurasitiki, asi dzimwe siringa dzinoshandiswa dzinogadzirwa nesimbi.

Mhando yeesirinhe uye nesingano dzinosiyaniswa zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo, chinangwa, chigadzirwa uye nhamba yezvinogona kushandiswa.

Ngatitangei nekugadzirwa kwematombo kuburikidza nekugadzirwa kwavo.

Kusiyanisa zvikamu zviviri-chikamu uye zvitatu-zvikamu. Ndeupi musiyano wavo? Tatove tatsanangura kuvakwa kwezvikamu zviviri-zvikamu - zvinongorira chete sirivha uye piston. Muzvikamu zvitatu kune zvikamu zviviri izvi, pigeti yechitatu inowanikwa.

Tichatsanangura kuti chii uye nei. Makumi makumi emakore akapfuura, vanachiremba vakacherechedza kuti kurwadziwa kwejairo hakusi kungoita kuti yakagadziriswa nenyuchi iri mune sirineni, asiwo pamusorosoro hwakanaka wepistoni mairi. Chinhu chacho ndechekuti mukoti, achiita jekiseni, anoita miitiro yakawanda yeku "shandisa" piston mukati mejinga. Nemhaka yeizvi, chirwere chose chinofamba, uye nenyuchi iri mumitambo yevanhu, zvakare. Zvechokwadi, ichi ndicho chikonzero chekutambudzika.

Zvino enda zvakananga kune plunger. Ichi ndicho chisimbiso chakarabha, chinosungirirwa piston nokuda kwechikwata chayo chinotenderera pamwe chete ne cylinder ye siriti. Nokudaro, munhu uyo anokonzera nechisimba zvishoma anokonzera kushivirira sirinesi uye kunzwa kunorwadza kunenge kwakanyangarika.

Parizvino, zvose zviri zviviri zvinoshandiswa mukurapa.

Fungawo nezvekugadzirwa kwemasero netsamba yekushandiswa. Sezvazvinozivikanwa, pachikonzero ichi ivo vanopatsanurwa kuti vadzidziswe uye vadzoke zvakare.

Zvirwere zvinoshandiswa (sirusi inoshandiswa isina kushandiswa)

Yakanga yakashandiswa zvikuru mumakore ekuma80. Iyo inenge yakagadzirwa zvachose yepurasitiki, kunze kwerinete-yakagadzirwa nesimbi isina tsvina. Nokuda kwekusarudzwa kwemishonga imwe chete, sirin (kana sirrette) inoshandiswawo dzimwe nguva.

Kazhinji kazhinji, siringa dzinoshandiswa mune zvehutano zviratidzo zvejairo seringiri. Ngatitorei zvakanyanya kwavari.

Chirwere chinowanzogadziriswa

Mishonga inogadziriswa inoshandiswa (mienzaniso, hukuru hwatichakurukura gare gare) inowanzoshandiswa kupinza majekiseni akasiyana-siyana. Nheyo yaro yekushanda nekugadzirisa zvatove zvataurwa pamusoro apa.

Kune mhando yemashira inogadziriswa nemhando inotevera: 2 ml, 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml uye 50 ml. Kunewo zvimwe zvisingaenzaniswi zvisikwa, somuenzaniso, shomanana yechirungu kana chirwere cheJana chine mamiriyoni 150 mamiriyoni.

Insulin syringes

Iyi ndiyo mhando yemashira inoshandiswa kuisa insulini mumuviri wemurwere. Nhamba ye siringa yakadai i1 ml. Inenge ine tsono shoma uye isina kukwana, iyo inoita kuti mishonga isabatsire. Nezvechokwadi chokuti mishonga iyi inenge nguva dzose ichizvimiririra yakazvimiririrwa nevarwere, ichi chinhu chakakosha zvikuru.

Mhando dzose dze insulin syringes dzinoratidzirwa kwete mu milliliters chete, asi zvakare mu ED (zviyero izvo muyero we insulini unogadzirwa). Mune mishonga yose iripo nhasi, 1 mami ine mapato zana - kwete, kwete.

Mishonga iyi inewo mufananidzo chaiwo wepiston, iyo inopa zvakakwana zvakakwana kana chirwere chacho chiri kutarisirwa. A standard insulin syringe inoratidzwa nechito che 1 unit, siriti yevana - 0.5 kana 0.25 diyuniti.

Pamberi pacho, sirinesi yehukuru hweyuniti makumi mana yakashandiswa zvakare, asi panguva iyo ivo vaizobuda kunze kwekushandisa.

Nokuda kwekuiswa kwe-insulin, peni-seringiri inowanzoshandiswa, zvakare, sezvo nekubatsira kwayo zviri nyore kuita. Tichakurukura nezvemhando dzemashira gare gare.

Pasinei nokuti iyo insulin seringiri inofungidzirwa kuti inogona kushandiswa, inogona kushandiswa kakawanda kusvikira nyuchi inouya.

Shanduro Janet

Pamarudzi ose emishonga yekurapa, ichi ndicho chikuru. Simba raro rinenge 150 ml. IJanet Syringe inowanzoshandiswa kushambidza mitsetse yemuviri womunhu kana kunwisa mvura, asi inogona kushandiswawo kune zvimwe zvinangwa. Somuenzaniso, pane dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa pakuisa enemas. Inogona kushandiswa kwemukati-mudumbu, mukati-kati kana mu-intratracheal infusions, iyo iyo sirivha yakawanda inenge isina kudarika.

Kana iwe wakatarisa "Caucasian captive", unofanira kuyeuka mamiriro ayo iyo Byvalomu yakaisa jekiseni remakumbo nemishonga yekurara nemubatsiro wechirwere chimwechete Janet. Tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti iyi inongova firimu, uye muhupenyu chaihwo, sirinji haisati yashandiswa pane zvinangwa zvakadaro.

Mishonga yokuzvidzivirira

Mhando dzezvirwere zvakachengetedzwa zvakagadzirirwa zvakakwana zvirongwa zvekudzivirira zvirwere zvevanhu vakawanda kana kuti chero ipi zvayo inokonzerwa nehuwandu.

Chinhu chavo chakanaka ndechokuti kushandiswa kushandiswa kwechirwere chakadaro hakugoneki uye kubviswa zvachose. Izvo zvakavakwa zvokuti mushure mekushandisa kokutanga piston yakavharwa, uye sirinhi inoramba ichingosiyiwa kunze. Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pamusoro pezvimwe zvinhu zvose zvinokanganisa zvinogona kunyanya kushandiswa kanopfuura kamwechete.

Syringe tube

Mishonga yemishonga inotarisirwa kusarudzwa kwemumwe mushonga wemishonga. Maitiro akadaro kazhinji ari mubato rekutanga rekubatsira kwega rega rega. Izvo zvizere zvisina kuchena uye zvatove neine chirongwa chakanaka chemishonga muvharo yakasimbiswa-kamba.

Marudzi eesirinhe, mapikicha aunowanikwa pasi pekurondedzera, usagumisa nemishonga inogadziriswa.

Iye zvino funga nezvemhando dzakasununguka uye dzakasiyana-siyana.

Mishonga inogadziriswa

Zvaiita sokuti munyika yemazuva ano haisi nzvimbo yezvinhu zvisina kutendeseka zvakadai semishonga inogadziriswa. Asi kwete, mamwe emhando dzavo dzinowanzoshandiswa uye zvakachengeteka zvakakwana.

Mishonga inogadziriswa inogadziriswa

Kwenguva yekutanga shanduro dzegorozi dzinogadziriswa dzakaonekwa kumaiva kure 1857 uye dzakatarisa zvakangofanana nezvino. Pfungwa yekusika sirasi yegirasi ndeyekugadzira girazi rinonzi Fournier. Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, pfungwa yake yakatengwa nekambani yeFrance uye pakarepo yakaunza magirasi egirazi muitiro. Yakanga iri kubva panguva iyoyo apo mishonga yakagadziriswa yakazova nzvimbo yevanhu. Kunyange zvakadaro ivo vakagadzirwa muhukuru hwakasiyana, kubva pa2 kusvika ku100 ml. Sirungu yepanguva iyoyo yakanga yakapedza girazi cylinder, ichiguma nekoni. Mukati me cylinder yaiva pistoni. Iyi sarudzo yakasvibiswa nekubikira. Girazi yaiva yakasimba yakasimba uye inogona kumira kutonhora kusvika kusvika 200 degrees.

Kudzorera mufananidzo uyu muna 1906 kwakauya sirineni ye "Record", iyo yakange ine chinyiso chesimbi, girasi rakasungirirwa pamativi ose maviri muzvindori zvematare, uye pistoni yesimbi ine zvidha zvebheja zvekuisa chisimbiso.

Siriniseti inonzi sterilized inowanzochengetwa mupepuru yakaoma. Yakanzi "kraft pack". Zvigadziriswa zvishandiso zvakabatanidzwa kune sirindi. Panguva yekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa izvi, chirongwa chejojo chakanga chiri chinorwadza zvikuru, sezvo zvigadziriswa zvisingashanduki zvakakurumidza kusvibiswa nekuda kwekudzoka kudha. Pamberi pekugadzirisa, sirinesi yakacheneswa netambo chaiyo - mandrone. Muma Pharmacy panguva iyoyo, vakatengesa midziyo yakakosha yekuchengetedza midziyo.

Pamwe, hazvidiwi kutaura pamusoro pekugona kutumira zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana nekubatsirwa kwezviroti zvakadaro.

Nenzira yakanaka, nhasi maitiro akadaro haasisiri kushandiswa. Kuzvirwere zvinoshandiswa zvakare zvechizvarwa chedu ndezvipi zvinotevera:

Seni peneni

Rudzi urwu rwesirineni rwakatotaurwa kare munyaya yacho. Nekubatsira kwayo vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanokonzera insulin mumuviri.

Zita racho rakapiwa sirinhe nekuda kwechiratidzo chakafanana nepeni. Inosanganisira zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana: muviri wacho pachawo, cartridge (kana cartridge case, cartridge) ine dose ye insulini, sinditi inobviswa inowanikwa pamucheto we cartridge, piston inogadzirisa nzira, nyaya yacho.

Sezvakaita insulin sirineni, seni yepiritsi inobata tsono ine utete, nenzira inorwadza. Nechirongwa ichi, mitemo inenge isingaoneki, zvinoreva zvakawanda kune vanhu vanojoka kazhinji pazuva.

Misiyano iri pakati pechiyi ichi uye insulin syringe inoderedza kuoma kwebasa uye nyore nyore.

Nzira yekuparadzanisa sirineni-peneni inokubvumira kuti iwe upinde muyero waidiwa wechirwere. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti udzoke zvakare cartridge mazuva ose mashoma. Kuchinja nyaya yacho ne insulin unoda mashomanana mashomanana chete.

Mimwe mienzaniso ye sirineni-peneni ine nheyo inobviswa, munyaya ino, inofanira kuchinjwa kamwechete pavhiki. Mune mienzaniso iyo sindete haigone kuchinjwa, iyo inofanira kunge yakasvibiswa.

Iyo sirineni ipeni yakaparadzirwa munyika yose.

Carpool syringes

Pasinei nokuti mune mishonga yemazuva ano, siripiti dzinoshandiswa dzinoshandiswa dziri kuwedzera kushandiswa, isu zvakadaro takazvitumira kune chikamu che "reusable".

Chirwere chepalpal chinoreva kusvibiswa uye chinonyanya kushandiswa mukurapa mazino. Hungu, ndeye rubatsiro rwechigadzirwa ichi chesimbi chine ampulla uye chiduku chiduku kuti tiri kujowa ne aneshesia mukurapa kwemeno.

Dzimwe nguva inoshandiswawo kutungamirirwa kwemimwe mishonga.

Muna 2010, kambani ye "AERC-MED" yakabhabhatidza maitiro ekutanga anogadziriswa. Gore roga roga vanongowanikwa mukurumbira, zvishoma nezvishoma vanosimudza avo vanofanotanga.

Seringe Pistol

Chimwe chishamiso chevaya avo, semoto, vanotya majojo. Inonziwo chirongwa cheK Kalashnikov, asi kwete nekuda kwekufanana nemichina, asi nekuda kwezita remunhu akazvisika. Izvo zvose zvakagadzirwa kuti zvive nekukurumidza uye kusarwadziwa kusanangurwa kwemishonga uye inogadzirirwa kushandiswa zvakasununguka. Zviri nyore kwazvo: shandisa sironi ye 5 ml (isati yazadzwa nemishonga) muchigadzirwa, isa nayo kune ganda uye shingairira.

Zvakakosha kuti ivhu remushonga unoshandiswa ndeye 5 ml, saka ichabatana zvakasimba uye hazvizoitiki panguva iyi.

Muumbi wacho anotaura kuti maitiro ake anoita kuti nzira yacho isarwa uye yakachengeteka zvachose, kureva kuti, nenyuchi ichawira chaizvo pane chinangwa uye hapana chichakuvadza.

Sringe Dart

Marudzi eesirinhe, ayo anowanzoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvemhuka. Nekubatsira kwavo mhuka dzinorwara dzinorohwa ne anesthetics kana chero mishonga.

Uyewo iyi siringi inoshandiswa panguva yekuvhima mhuka dzomusango, kana kana mhuka huru ichifanira kurara kwekanguva.

Ikoko kune zvipfeko zvezvokurapa zvepanyama, panzvimbo yemakadhiriji vanopfura mitsetse yakadaro nemishonga yekurara.

Sunga: marudzi, kureba kwemasinga emishonga

Sezvaunenge watoziva, nyaya ino haisi yezviratidzo chete. Mhando yeesirinhe uye nheyo dzadzo dzakabatana zvikuru. Kune marudzi maviri emishonga yezvokurapa - injectable uye chirwere. Isu tine hanya chete mukutanga, yakagadzirirwa kuiswa kana kusunurwa kwemvura ipi neipi / kubva mumuviri (a). Izvo zviri mukati, uye iyo inonyanya kukosha iyo inenge yakakwana.

Hora nheyo dzinorongerwa maererano nemhando yechipfu uye caliber. Kune 5 mhando mikuru yechinhu chacho: AS, 2, 3, 4, 5. Hatingafungi mumwe nomumwe zvakasiyana, tichajekesa kuti mune mishonga, rudzi rwe 4 nheyo dzinowanzoshandiswa, dzine dhigirii 10-12 degrees. Maererano nekunzwisisa, pane 23 mapeji emasese, kubva pa33 kusvika kunegumi. Mukurapa, chero munhu anogona kushandiswa.

Pasi pane tafura shoma. Seringe (mavara nehuwandu) zvinoratidzwa munharaunda yeboshwe, uye nendira dzinobatana kwavari dziri kurudyi.

Bhuku remushonga wakashandiswa	Nhengo yakakodzera inete
Insulini, 1 ml	10 x 0.45 kana 0.40 mm
2 ml	30 x 0.6 mm
3 ml	30 x 06 mm
5 ml	40 x 0.7 mm
10 ml	40 x 0.8 mm
20 ml	40 x 0.8 mm
50 ml	40 x 1.2 mm
Shinge Janet, 150 ml	400 x 1.2 mm

Takabvunzurudza sirinesi uye nheyo dzinoshandiswa nadzo. Pasina mubvunzo, nyaya yose inogonawo kupiwa kune dzimwe mhando dzezviridzwa, asi mune izvi hatisi kuzoisa pfungwa pazviri.