Meso ebetsero midziyo: marongerwo uye mashandiro

Ziso mumwe kiyi kutsinga dzinouya zvomukati. It rinoita basa rinokosha kwevanhu maonero enyika. The mabasa akawanda evanhu muviri hwatakazvarwa. Meso kubata chiedza, riri kutungamirirwa vasanonoka masero. Munhu anogona kuona ruvara uye mufananidzo-chena dema-uye, kuona zvinhu zviri vhoriyamu panguva dzakasiyana akareba. Nhengo kuona chinhu mapatya uye riri pamberi cranial fossa. It akapoteredzwa webetsero midziyo ziso.

The nemamiriro the retina

Yomukati goko ine zvikamu zviviri: hombe shure uye kuderedza mberi. Ekupedzisira rinobatanidza raduzhkovy uye ciliary dhipatimendi. The chinooneka mugove zvinosanganisira yomukati uye ruvara huta nharaunda. Mumakore ikoko vanenge 10 akaturikidzana nemasero. Vanopinda mukati menyika goko pamwe yakatesvera panyanga dzacho muchimiro pematanda uye pasikweya. Nokuda kwavari munhu anoona kuti mwaranzi echiedza chemasikati uye yorubvunzavaeni. Mamwe masero etsinga kutamba Kukunda basa. axons dzavo unobva danda, hwava kubva goko.

Webetsero midziyo ziso: anatomi

Dhipatimendi iri zvinosanganisira zvakawanda zvinhu kuti aite wandei mabasa anokosha. из: Webetsero midziyo ziso rinoumbwa:

1. Tsiye.
2. Century.
3. Lacrimal dhipatimendi.
4. Tsandanyama.
5. Conjunctiva.

mabasa

. Chokutanga, tinofanira kucherechedza kudzivirira kushanda ebetsero midziyo yacho ziso. Inopa hydration mberi pemvura muviri, yokudzidzivirira kubva kupwa kunze. Uyezve, dhipatimendi ichi chinobatsira kubvisa dzimwe inoramba. входит разрушение бактерий, которые попадают на поверхность органа. In maziso ebetsero emotokari mashandiro anosanganisira kuparadzwa mabhakitiriya izvo asvike pechiso muviri. Division kunoitawo kuti kubviswa zvinhu izvo kuumbwa panguva mupfungwa uye huta kukakavadzana. Vanoenda pamwe misodzi.

tsandanyama

Man ane yakasiyana nemamiriro ziso. – отдел, без которого нормальная работа органа была бы невозможна. The hwebetsero chikwata - dhipatimendi pasina izvo dzose kushanda muviri angadai zvisingabviri. Zvikuru kukosha ndiyo musculature. To maapuro yakasimbiswa 4 kururamiswa (medial, lateral, pasi, pamusoro), 2 oblique (yakaderera uye yokumusoro) netsandanyama. Vanenge vose vabuda kudzika ziso panosangana, kubvira mudzira mhete. Kusara ndiyo rezasi oblique tsandanyama. Aoma fibers Uchabva micheto ari ophthalmic (repamusoro) pakakoromoka. Kubva mudzira ari mhete tsandanyama anobva, ichipa inokurudzira remakore. Riri mune muchadenga pamusoro yakarurama faibha. Painoguma mu pakukora remakore. Rectus rinotungamirirwa pamwe masvingo ziso rimwe. Vari riri kumativi etsinga. Mberi neequator, pane chinhambwe 5-8 mm kubva nomukombero pamusoro cornea posterior tsandanyama vachishandisa pfupi nemarunda yakarukwa kupinda sclera. Rectus rotates mboni akapoteredza namasanhu piringisha mumwe. Inofamba kuruboshwe uye zvakarurama uye vertically uye pasi yakatambarara. Lateral tsandanyama inodzora outwards Apple, medial - medially panyaya hunyambiri akabatana. In wokutanga kutara mugove aumbwa aponeurosis. Vakawanda tufts ake yakarukwa kupinda sclera. Vamwe vavo vaende mberi uye kunze. Zvadaro, vari wakaiswa kuti lateral madziro. Rezasi uye yokumusoro ngaatarire fibers anopa kutenderera pamusoro chinjikira akabatana kuti apple. Chokutanga muzvirongwa sangano pasi uye medially, wechipiri - uye zvishoma knnaruzhi.

Kutsvetera ruoko rinoenderera yokumusoro tendinous mhete. It iri nzvimbo verhnemedialnoy muchadenga. Pedyo divi makomba fibers ndokupinda raundi mutete mudzira zvemapuranga synovial nyinyo. Ndezvemhuri kuburikidza chidhina vane chimiro mhete hunomiririrwa fibrous shwashwa. Uyezve mudzira dzikatsauka zvishoma shure uye outwards. Kupfuura pasi rokumusoro yakarurama tsandanyama, izvozvo wakaiswa kuti superolateral apuro zvidimbu kure dzinenge 18 mm kubva kumucheto cornea. Skew yokumusoro fibers zvinopa kutenderera outwards uye pasi. Lower ruoko rinoenderera pamusoro penyika ophthalmic rushaya yakabatana kuvhura nasolacrimal mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka. Next zvinonzi akatuma outwards uye shure, runosvika pakati akarurama fibers uye rusvingo nezvigadziko. Yakamisirwa ruoko pamusoro lateral penyika shure neequator. Inopa apuro tenderera outwards uchikwira. работают согласованно. Ziso tsandanyama webetsero mudziyo zvivako kushanda konzati. Nenzira iyi zvinopa synchronous kwebasa rworuboshwe uye kodzero maapuro.

fascia

Ziso nezvigadziko, ndeipi Apple, mudungwe pamwe periosteum. Munzvimbo rokumusoro pakakoromoka uye optic Canal nayo merges pamwe reDhura. Apple runopoteredza nyinyo kana Tenon kuti Kamudzira. Zvinonzi chokuita sclera. The huripo pakati nepanhengo uye pemvura mutswe apuro rinonzi Tenon (episcleral) nzvimbo. On rwemberi pose wokutanga chokunze mhango merges pamwe chete optic etsinga, uye zvakakodzera kuti pamberi conjunctival coving. Kuburikidza nyinyo ndivo tsinga nemidziyo ropa, nemarunda oculomotor fibers. Front muchadenga uye ayo mukati zvishoma kufukidzwa imwe partition. Rinotanga kubva periosteum pakati okumusoro micheto uye wanamatira shwashwa remakore. Munzvimbo yomukati kukona ziso kunofambidzana kune medial shwashwa.

mafuta muviri

Pakati periosteum uye nyinyo nomuapuri, vakakomba oculomotor fibers uye optic tsinga nhema tishu kuwanda. Inonzi mafuta muviri. It akazara connective zambuko. Fat muviri anoita mashandiro depreciation. A chikamu maduku zviri kunze cône aumba womuapuro tsandanyama yakaoma. Zviri yakabatana parusvingo ziso rimwe. Most wemuviri mukati cône takapoteredzwa etsinga.

anopenya

Vari rakakamurwa okumusoro. представляют собой кожные складки, пролегающие спереди яблока. Izvi Zvivako ebetsero midziyo Meso ganda pazvirugu kuti riwedzere apuro kumberi. Anopenya kuifukidza kumusoro uye pasi. Kana kuvhara zvachose kufukidza maapuro. Kana rakavhurika-unocheka hurumende zera zvakawanda transverse slots. Pazuva lateral uye medial mativi aro pfupi musono - yakatesvera panyanga dzacho. Vari akaumba ziso makona. Munzvimbo yacho medial commissure kuuya diki chikomo. Inonzi nemisodzi caruncle. Around chiri dziva. Poura kubva wehunyambiri myastsa duku conjunctival mudanga - semilunar. It anonzi rechitatu vakasara (nekubwaira) remakore, aivapo vertebrates. On vakasununguka kumucheto rezasi uye yokumusoro fungiro, pedyo medial yorusvingo outwards kubva nyanza anogona kuonekwa kuwedzera - papilla. Pamusoro kune buri - kutanga misodzi ducts. Munzvimbo kumucheto ziso panosangana nedanga anopenya dzikava zvifukidziro pakati pedyo zvikamu kumeso. At muganhu pamwe huma makabuda transversely rinotungamirirwa chinotenderera vane pamusoro akafuka bvudzi. tsiye ichi. The convex pamberi pechiso kutsumwaira. It akafuka nhete ganda, rinobuda yakawanda ziya uye sebaceous mumasero. Rwemberi Chikamu anotarisana yeziso. It ane concave chimiro uye nokufukidzwa conjunctiva. , фактически защищается веками. All rwevharanda ebetsero midziyo weziso chaizvoizvo anodzivirirwa kwemazana emakore.

connective ndiro

Zvinonzi munzvimbo pakukora okumusoro kutsumwaira. By ayo arambe achirema connective ndiro akafanana shwashwa. It kusiyanisa kumberi uye musana hukawanika uyewo pamusoro micheto 2 - vakasununguka uye orbital. Rwemberi pose ndiro zvakasimba fused pamwe conjunctiva. Izvi zvinotungamirira kumeso rokupedzisira mumunda. Pamberi shwashwa remakore chokuita dzeraundi tsandanyama fibers vachishandisa connective tishu. Kubva okumusoro hukawanika kune medial parusvingo posterior uye Anterior akatevedzana kunosvika kunopindirana masumbu. It anofukidza lacrimal zai. Kurutivi lateral rusvingo chete zita inofanira boka.

vakasununguka kumucheto

It ndeyevanyori kumberi uye neshure hukawanika remakore. Orbital kumucheto mugove pa nhengo yakatarwa muchadenga Via tsandanyama fibers repasi uye yokumusoro shwashwa. The fibers wekupedzisira vasiyana yomukati pamusoro. Vari vasiyana tsandanyama, iyo anonyaradza nokusimudza yokumusoro fungiro. Rezasi ruoko zvakabatana kune runoenzanirana rectus apple. It wanamatira kumucheto eponymous shwashwa. Zvayaiva panguva vakasununguka kumucheto bvudzi - cilia.

mumasero

Pedyo mumakomba akazarurwa veshure akasununguka mucheto. Ndivo pfungwa mbudo pamusoro sebaceous mumasero. kutanga nhengo dzavo dziri mukati shwashwa ndiro. In rokumusoro fungiro sebaceous mumasero kupfuura pasi (30-40 vs. 20-30). , следует также отметить, что на свободном крае между ресницами присутствуют отверстия, открывающие протоки потовых желез. Tichitarisa mamiriro weziso, webetsero midziyo ziso, inofanira kuonawo kuti vakasununguka unopinza pakati lashes pane makomba kuti usvinudze ducts kuti ziya mumasero.

conjunctiva

Kubatsira mano dzinokosha grooves. Vari akaumba panguva yezwi iri conjunctiva pamwe okumusoro anopenya panguva apple. It, uyewo, anofukidza mugove pamberi kunosvika akananga corneal limbus. Pamharadzano mhete yakaumbwa muna sclera. nzvimbo yose rinoenderera mberi apuro vakakuvadza conjunctiva inonzi bhegi. Akapfiga nemeso yakavharwa, uye apo rakavhurika - shoko kubva kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza. Ari mukati nhema chete conjunctival shwanu.

pathologies

. Kune zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana pamusoro ebetsero midziyo yacho ziso. Vose vanoda kwazvo kuziva dambudziko racho uye kurapwa. отдел органа, нарушение его работы скажется на состоянии зрения. Nokuti kuti midziyo weziso - a chikamu muviri wedhipatimendi, kutyorwa basa rake sei mamiriro maonero. Kana zviratidzo zvokutanga hwobva kuona nyanzvi.

blepharitis

), как выше было сказано, включены веки. The midziyo ziso (webetsero) sezvo ataurwa pamusoro apa nevanopinda kutsumwaira. Kana kuzvimba kumicheto chirwere blepharitis. The etiology Chirwere siyana chaizvo. Blepharitis, zvikurukuru, aigona kuva nokuda hypovitaminosis, kupererwa neropa, helminthic infestations, gastrointestinal zvirwere uye nezvimwewo. Sezvo chinodiwa kuti chirwere zvokurwara protrude lacrimal ezvinhu, chisingaperi conjunctivitis, utsi dzokupisa, guruva. Blepharitis zvinogona maronda, scaly, nyore uye zvichingodaro. Treatment ari ushandiswe nachiremba. Zviri fanira kuramba ari utsanana ezvinhu oupenyu uye basa. Iri nyore blepharitis raitongwa 1% mhinduro kubva penya zvakasvibirira kana 1% nemekiyuri yeyero mafuta. In maronda chirwere ziso kare akashandisa wrap kubva mafuta hove kana mafuta. In kunzwisisa zvokurwara panguva rinoshanda autohaemotherapy, physiotherapy.

dacryocystitis

особенно уязвим у новорожденных. Ebetsero midziyo ziso riri vanonyanyova ari mucheche. Kazhinji vacheche chirwere dacryocystitis. It is kuzvimba ari lacrimal zai. Dacryocystitis anogona kuonekwa nedzevakuru. Muchiitiko chino, kazhinji chisingaperi. Prerequisites vari kuzvimba ari nasal mhango, paranasal sinuses, mapfupa kuti vakombe bhegi. azvaiitwa kuti kunonoka uye kukura anokuvadza tupukanana. Neonates dacryocystitis chokuita pakuchengetedza utachiona firimu kufukidza rezasi chikamu nasolacrimal mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka. Zvipatara zviri zvomusejari nzira. In chenjera pathologies panguva yakatarwa antiinflammatories. mashandiro rinoitwa mushure kudzvinyirira kuti anogumbura kwendangariro.

conjunctivitis

Eye kudzivirirwa - huru basa kuti anoita midziyo ziso. отдел постоянно подвергается внешнему воздействию. Ebetsero dhipatimendi kunoramba pachena kuti zvekunze ukapisa murwi. Conjunctivitis - chimwe chezvinhu zvakafanana pathologies ari kutarisana nenyere. Inguva kuzvimba connective mumuhara. Adenoviral conjunctivitis rinopararira nokuda droplet hweHIV. Zvokurwara hwapedyo pano neapo muchimiro chekorera panomuka. Kakawanda richiwanika mumapoka nevana. Tanga kuti ano rikwanise zvokurwara. Asati ziso maronda kazhinji kuitika Airways chirwere, fivha, vakawedzera prootic node nodes. Conjunctivitis ari achiperekedzwa photophobia, lacrimation, akatsvuka uye mumatenhere anopenya, hyperemia. Kazhinji kune follicles kana firimu. Last padzakacherechedza, kazhinji vana.

The chenjera danho

Causative vaishandira chirwere vari staphylo-, streptococci, gono-, pneumococci, bacillus pamusoro Koch-Weeks, uye zvichingodaro. Kazhinji, vatanga exogenous kukuvara yacho conjunctiva. Chance uyewo kuzvidzora hweHIV. Sezvo preconditions protrude overcooling kana overheating kwemuviri, microtraumas conjunctiva. The chirwere anokonzerwa tubercle bacillus, tambo dzaisveta, vakapararira kuburikidza maoko tsvina uye utachiona zvinhu. Muchirimo, kazhinji nokuputsa kubva denda munyika inopisa mumamirire ekunze.

chisingaperi kosi

It kunokonzerwa kwenguva refu kutsamwa ari conjunctiva. Zvirwere anova chisingaperi, kana muviri nguva dzose pachena kuona, zvemakemikari tsvina, utsi, huruva nezvakadaro. The preconditions ingava vhitamini kushaikwa, metabolic zvirwere, refractive zvikanganiso, kuramba maronda lacrimal mhino. Chirwere conjunctivitis kunoratidzwa nokutsva, kunzwa jecha mumaziso, akatsvuka, munyoro kuzvimba. Panewo zvishoma mucopurulent buditsa. In pakurapa anonyanya zvakanaka Utsanana ezvinhu. Yakapedza zvose zvisina zvinhu zvingakonzera zvokurwara. Kazhinji, akagadza vamiririri vomuungano dziri samadonhwe. Izvi zvingava, semuenzaniso, 025-033% mhinduro kubva zingi sulphate, epinephrine uye vaisanganisa dikainom. Kana paine kusemburwa, basa 30% mhinduro kubva yavaibvisa sulfatsil, 10% mhinduro sulfapiridazina yavaibvisa uye 0.3% S.-p sintomitsina.