Mhando dzezvematongerwe enyika uye mazano avo ekuvandudza kwavo

Tsika dzezvematongerwe enyika unhu hwehupenyu hwezvematongerwe enyika hwehupenyu hwakagara huripo. Inoumbwa nehuwandu hwekuvandudzwa kwezvinyorwa zvematongerwe enyika, mabasa ayo nemigumisiro yaro, iyo nyaya iyo inongororwa munzvimbo dzinoenderana nehukama.

Kana tikafunga nezvechirevo ichi mupfungwa shomanana, zvino ndiyo yakagadzirisa nzira dzezvematongerwo enyika uye zviito izvo zvinoita zveimwe nyika uye zvinogamuchirwa nevanhu vayo vose.

Chimiro chezvematongerwe enyika chinosanganisira imwe nhamba yezvikamu zvinopesana. Heano mamwe acho: kukosha-normative, kugona, kuongorora, kuzvibata uye kugadzirisa. Zvisinei, kunze kwezvikamu, mamwe maitiro ezvematongerwo enyika anoonekwa zvakare:

1. Maonero enyika. Uyu ndiwo pfungwa yakajeka yemitemo yezvematongerwe enyika uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.

2. Civil. Kugoverwa kwehukama hwavo hwezvematongerwe enyika, huchaenderana nemikana iripo.

3. Zvematongerwe enyika. Kugadzirisa mafungiro avo kune hurumende yezvematongerwo enyika, kune vadzivisi uye vashandi.

Kune dzimwe mhando dzezvematongerwe enyika, dzakasarudzwa pamusana pekufunga kwevatongi pamusoro payo:

1. Democratic political culture. Mamiriro ezvinhu munyaya ino anoita sechiridzwa chekuziva kuda kwevanhu. Nheyo dzorudzi urwu rwetsika ndiyo pfungwa yehuchangamire hwevanhu uye nekutenda kuti kupesana kunovapo kana kusabvumirana nemitemo yesimba rezvematongerwe enyika kuchava nemigumisiro.

2. Mutongi. Pano, hurumende, pasinei nokuti yakasikwa sei, inotaridzirwa nevevanhu semasimba ayo zvisarudzo zvinofanira kunyatsoteerera.

3. Revolutionary. Mhando dzose dzezvematongerwe enyika mune imwe nzira dzinoratidza tsika dzevagari vemo kune vane masimba, kana vasina kugutsikana nazvo. Rudzi urwu rwuri kuratidza chirevo chekupikisa, uko kunoshanduka kushanduka kwakanyanya muhurumende iripo. Uye inofungidzirwa kuti dhigiriyadhi yehutungamiri inofananidzwa zvakananga nekuenderana kwayo, i.e. Kupfuura makadhianho matanho akatorwa, zviri nani mugumisiro.

4. Mesiya. Chinokosha chazvo ndechokuti vagari venyika vanovimba nehurumende yepamusoro yehurumende, pakuti inofanira kuzadzisa imwe mission. Cherechedza kuti mhuka idzi dziripo muhupenyu hwayo hwemafupi kwenguva, asi muchimiro chayo chinogona kubatanidza mhando dzakawanda dzezvematongerwe enyika.

5. Patriarchal. Pamwoyo werudzi urwu uhu hukama hwevatongi uye hurumende, hunogona kuenzaniswa nehukama hwebaba nevana. Rusununguko rwezvematongerwo enyika munyaya iyi harupo, uye kukanganisa kwacho kwakafanana nekurambidza kwevana kunowanikwa mumhuri yemadzitateguru. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nekugadzikana, asi kusvikira "baba" vari vapenyu.

Nyanzvi dzezvematongerwe enyika dzeAmerican S. Verba naG. Almond dzakasarudza mhando dzakadaro dzezvematongerwo enyika:

1. Patriarchal. Iyo inongorori chete munharaunda iyo iyo yezvematongerwo enyika haisati yaumbwa.

2. Nyaya. Inozivikanwa nokuvapo kwezviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika zvakasiyana, izvo zvinotungamirirwa nhengo dzevanhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, vanogona kuratidza manzwiro akasiyana-siyana: kudada, kusafarira, kusagutsikana, kuona kuvepo kwavo uye mabasa sezviri pamutemo uye zvisiri pamutemo.

3. Mumiririri, kana tsika yekubatanidzwa mune zvematongerwo enyika. Nhengo dzevanhu havagoni kungoita zvido zvavo zvezvematongerwo enyika, asi vanopiwa kodzero yekutora zvakananga mazviri.

Nyanzvi dzezvematongerwo enyika dzeAmerica dzinoti hapana kana imwe yemhando idzi isingagoni kuvapo nenzira yakachena. Vanosangana pamwe chete uye vanoumba zvipenyu umo chimwe kana chimwe chikamu chinotonga.