Mitero pamusoro vanhu uye kunyanya kuti kuongorora kushanda kwahwo

Kuunganidza mari iri bhajeti, nokuda low mutero kurangwa uye deformations ari maitiro zvoupfumi vamiririri, kazhinji kunotungamirira kune varwadziwe: rutapudzo oga mubhizimisi neHurumende uye, naizvozvo, kushaya GDP kukura (anonzi kukudyira-kubva mugumisiro «revanhu-kubva zvazviri», yakazaruka US Nyanzvi R. Barroso). Emerging nenyaya, sezvo runozivisa kushanda ichi nokuda National upfumi ano?

Ongorora richibatanidza simba pamusoro paruzhinji uye pasiri mubhizimisi, kufungisisa nguva lags lag zvinoita private mubhizimisi kunoratidza kuti pedyo zviri kune chikwata kukosha, zvikuru pane pedyo kuwirirana. Zvisinei, sezvo isu kune kumusika ezvinhu ari kuchinja: kwave kuwedzera kuwirirana pakati macroparameters izvi.

Analysis ukama pakati simba pamusoro Vhoriyamu pachena zvekushandisa uye pamwedzi GDP kukura akaratidzawo kuti pane kubatana hurumende mari uye nyika goho munyika Russian upfumi. Inogona vaifungidzira mamiriro kupedza chinokosha zvazvinoita macrodynamics mhikuriso.

Inoongorora kana mitero iri vanhu vari upfumi hwedu sechinhu pakaunda-cyclical zvireruke uye stimulator kwezvoupfumi kukura, kana chete senzira muzadze muchivigiro?

mitero Direct, maererano Keynesian kusvika, zviri otomatiki levers pamusoro fiscal mutemo, nekuti mutengo yavo zvinenge zvakananga Proportional kuti mari zvoupfumi yomuchipatara uye kuti vauye mutero pamusoro vanhu, saka, bhuku kwakakomba mumhuri chigadzirwa.

Panyaya iyi, vanofanira kuchinja anyatsobudirira kufurira macrodynamics pane nokuchinja zvisina kunanga. Asi maererano dzidziso romugove ari achiwira, unogona sipidhi mwero vasanyanye Proportional mutero. Izvi yokungotaura pafungidziro yakanga imwe nguva mumwe zvikonzero kukura chirongwa iri Russian Federation zvishoma nezvishoma. chaishanda kukoshesa mitero pamusoro vanhu, izvo zvinoita kuti predominance zvakananga mitero. Avo nhasi vari: nyika, mari, kutenga dzimwe mari, pfuma, okushambadza uye mari: tsika, kupaka nokuti muganhu Clearance, kuchenesa nzvimbo. Vanhu kubhadhara mipiro kuti mudyandigere Fund uye vasiri IP - kunyoresa.

Zvisinei, sechivako mutero zveminda kusvikira bhajeti, kusanganisira mari mutero pamusoro vanhu, uye dzimwe pakutengeserana kwavari, tichienzanisa nedzimwe nyika siyanei - isu vakatonga mitero isina kunanga. Naizvozvo, kushanda kwemasvomhu ukama GDP emuchina pamusoro Vhoriyamu rakananga mutero akaunganidzwa kuchasanganisira otomatiki yekupindurwa parameters. Statistical kuongorora kunoratidza kuti inonyatsobudirira mhikuriso itibatsire macrodynamics ndiwo mugove zvakananga mutero kuna GDP, panzvimbo yakadaro, inova mari yomutero vanhu Nat.

Panyaya iyi, kukura fiscal nzira harisi chete kukosha kuziva kubudirira zvakananga mitero somunhu countercyclical fiscal mhikuriso, asiwo pakudyidzana kunoita mutero zveminda kubva tsika dzavo panguva yapfuura nguva zvikamu. Fani iyi inogona kurondedzerwa tichibatsirwa upfumi kuongorora nzira.

In mabhuku zvoupfumi chichiri vaidavira kuti upfumi hwenyika yacho zvikuru nehanya mutero kuchinja. Uyezve, zvinofungidzirwa kuti ukama ichi mumakore achangopfuura kwawedzera, sezvo zvichipomerwa runoratidzwa mukuru uye kuramba richikura kukosha mutero multipliers. inofungidzirwa izvi zvinofanira kubatwa nokungwarira, nokuti GDP kukura pave kukarukureta ichi inogona akapa, uye zvimwewo. Mukuwedzera, paumbwe imwe nyika-sandara pakupindurwa kugadzirwa mutero kuchinja kunoda nguva, uye mitero pamusoro vanhu - ano chaiyo. Naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti titaure pamusoro yaisanganisa mugumisiro mutero kuchinja, akaparadzirwa nguva.

Pokukurukura zvainoita upfumi, simba kwemitero ari senguva chimiro kuburikidza mashandiro paiya inonzi fiscal multiplier handizvo zvachose. Sezvo nhamba iyi haibatanidzi zvisina kunanga zvinhu. The pamwero zvakananga mitero ndeimwe inonyatsobudirira levers pakati fiscal rimire pamusoro cyclical simba. Asi kana kushandiswa zvirongwa inogona kuenderera kukura policies vanofanira kufunga huru nhatu:

• pakati Kuchinja mugove kwemitero yakananga uye National goho norudaviro lag lag aripo;
• kubata mutero nomugumisiro macrodynamics akaparadzirwa nguva;
• imwe chete-nguva Kuchinja mutero mutoro pamusoro upfumi haana chete mazhinji kuchinja simba pamusoro GDP, asiwo rinomutsa mitero zveminda mune ramangwana nguva.