Mutsindo Unhu weRussia: pasi. Mutsindo hunhu munhoroondo Russia

remakore yedu yasvika chete yapfuura, saka kutaura, uyo ane kunoshamisa unhu Russia remakore rechi21, hatigoni. Zvisinei, kuongorora kare kuchatibatsira kunzwisisa chii mukuru zvechokwadi tinogona kutarisira kubva necheSalvic ropa. Pashure pezvose, sezvamunoziva, uyo anoziva kare, anoziva remangwana.

Vadetembi, vaimbi, vezvematongerwo enyika, vanyori, masayendisiti uye Artists - zvose inofananidza Russia akakurumbira. List, kunyange kwenguva pfupi, akoromoka nokuchembera, anopiwa pazasi mabasa.

enyika

Alexander Nevsky

Naye uye vanotanga unhu hunoshamisa munhoroondo Russia, izvo adudzwa munyaya ino. Grand Muchinda Novgorod uye kwakajeka nemauto mutungamiri ndiani akakwanisa kurova yeSweden Teutons, uye nheyo kuvapo Russia zvayo zvenhau netsika tsika.

Ivan IV anotyisa

Utsinye Prince of Moscow, iyo, nokuda kwazvo kwavo simba nechido nenyota simba, kusika munhu Russian kudenga, achiva Mambo All Russia rokutanga. bloodlust ake anozivikanwa munyika yose. Zvisinei, hazvibviri kuona pakuti iye dzakachinja uye kudzorwa Russia, nokusika pauri chete uye hurumende kuti hakuveregwi nomumwe muvakidzani.

Peter I

Muvandudzi uye innovator ari kuedza kuti Russia ine European zvechokwadi mamiriro. First Emperor kweRussia rava kuwedzera kwakadaro wakakodzera kunyika pedyo reBaltic. Muvambi St. Petersburg uye Navy zvakasikwa.

Catherine II

Sezvineiwo akawedzera miganhu Russian Empire. Akaita kupfuura ropafadzo kwamachinda uye boka rinokosha. Vaichengetedza sayenzi uye unyanzvi, "Russian mudzidzisi", iro akakwanisa kubata kupfuura yakadzama uye zvinokosha kuchinja pashure Peter Mukuru.

Vladimir Lenin Ilyich

Mutungamiri October Revolution, chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha theorists ose communism. Muvambi uye inspirer wokutanga mugovanisi Hurumende - USSR. Akafa asina kuona zvibereko zvavo hondo.

vanyori

Alexander Ostrovsky

Mutsindo Unhu yeRussia pakati playwrights remakore rechi19 angangotadza nokusingaperi kuumbwa pasina zvinokonzerwa munyori uyu. "Russian Ibsen," munyori wacho kutamba "Mwenga", "mabhanan'ana", "vanhu vake - rakaverengwa." The munyori wemitambo wokutanga Russian, akatanga kushandisa iri zvakadzama mupfungwa undertones yakatofanana vatambi.

Nikolai Gogol

Munyori wemitambo uye munyori. Anozivikanwa mutambo "The Hurumende Inspector", "Marriage", uyewo prose - "Wii", "The jazi" uye vamwe tateguru yaingowanikwa pamusoro Genre "nokutya.". Musoro mukuru okugadzira zvinhu - vaduku murume uye kusaruramisira zvenyika pachinhu kwairi.

Fyodor Dostoevsky

Munyori enganonyorwa "The Nemurubaka", "Utsotsi uye Kurangwa", "The Brothers Karamazov." kwepfungwa yakadzika, nokusingaperi zvakachinja tsika kutsanangura upenyu nezvounhu yomukati. Nokuti kusuwa pamadziro St. Petersburg uye kwakakwidibira namakore nguva dzose ndakaedza kusiya muverengi tariro. Vachishingaira Akaongorora pamabasa ake, ukama hwomurume uye Mwari.

Leo NdiTolstoy

Munyori, uyo akapa nyika "Hondo uye Rugare" uye "Anna Karenina." Writer wechokwadi Russian mweya. A pacifist hwose upenyu hwake nokushingaira kuzorwa hondo, rakanga zvinoratidzwa nemabasa ake. Aidavira kuti chinonyanya kukosha mamiriro mufaro - kubatana womunhu ane hunhu.

Anton Chekhov

Anekdotist, dzakamanikidzwa kunyora kusetsa nyaya zvokudya mhuri uye kuti akabhadhara nokuti dzimwe mari duku. Mutsindo Unhu yeRussia hazvibviri pasina yepakutanga ichi "Munhu pasina chirwatata." Ros chaipo pamberi muverengi, iri zvishoma nani uye paakasika chinokosha chigadzirwa yose mabhuku nyika - ". Three Sisters" ngano "Mbavha" uye "vavengi" pamusoro kutamba "Gaviota" uye

Anton Chekhov - wokutanga munyori uyo akamboda kutaura kuti matambudziko evanhu vose mumwe - magumo evanhu upenzi.

vadetembi

Alexander Pushkin

Mukuru mudetembi Russian uye muvambi vakawanda nhetembo uye nhetembo, kusanganisira yokufungidzira "Eugene Onegin" nhetembo. Kana kunze vanoti "Mutsindo Unhu yeRussia" zvichida kamwe kunzi Pushkin. Kutaura zvazviri, musiki dzenhoroondo Russian nhetembo, iyo shasha Yechinwiwa Chizvarwa nhetembo Russian. In nhetembo ake aigona kumutsa zvemarudzi ose Inyaya - kubva kusaruramisirwa kusvikira dzisinganyatsooneki kunzwa rudo.

Mikhail Lermontov

Munyori ari nhetembo "Hero Chenguva Yedu" uye tambo hombe-siyana nhetembo. Iye akarwa kuCaucasus, raakatorwa yava kutoita dzakazara hunhu mumabasa ake. Bvunza mibvunzo vanoda hondo uye kuzvibvisa dzevanhu.

Vladimir Mayakovsky

The musiki futurism iri tsika nzvimbo weRussia. Akanyora nhetembo dzavo rinokosha echelon fomu. An kuchitsigira dzechiKomonisiti, runoonekwa mumwe mouthpieces vechimurenga. Kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu hwake kudzivirira nevatambi vechimurenga wechokwadi. Chimwe chikuru vadetembi of Silver Age.

Sergey Yesenin

Contemporary Mayakovsky uye kupedzisa ayo pakatarisana ive munyori. Kunanga uye soulful mashoko vachiri vanokwanisa kuramba zvachose munhu anonetsa uye kuyaruka. Topics akamutswa kurwisa munhu pamwe zvakatipoteredza, rudo zvakasikwa uye, chokwadi, kuti mukadzi.

Vladimir Vysotsky

Bard, munyori nziyo zhinji uye nhetembo. Mudetembi mukuru yendarira Age. izwi rake shoshoma senzwi munhu akatadza nhaka yakamusiya zvose kunoshamisa hunhu remakore rechi20 Russia. Topics akasimudza ake mukurwisana nechinzwano kwokunze murume, nzvimbo yake munzanga uye nyika yose zvayo. Mutete satirist.

Bulat Okudzhava

Uyewo nyanduri, akaita nhetembo wake muchimiro nziyo. A anobaya mwoyo uye vakatendeseka, akanyora nhetembo, vakazadzwa vamwe yepasi pose reverie. Kazhinji akashandisa madimikira, nokusika tichibatsirwa zvifananidzo izvi zvakadzama. nziyo dzake dzakasvika chimiro mufananidzo kuti aimbova kunyange (genially) parodied Vysotsky.

Vakatora firimu

Lev Kuleshov

Pamusana kwaari, Russian kunoshamisa unhu Vakatanga kuonekwa ari firimu. Akawana "Kuleshov Kunoita" - "mbiri yakazvimirira puranga nezvahunonyatsoreva, glued pamwe, kuumba matswa." Kutaura zvazviri, muvambi nokuwedzera nyaya.

Sergey Eyzenshteyn

Munyori dzeboka "yehondo Potemkin", iro richiri anotarira chete mweya. Film theorist uye musiki ane simba installation.

Wokutanga Russia uyo akashandisa ruvara mu firimu - ". Yehondo Potemkin" angwarire vose zvakafanana

Mikhail Romm

Documentary filmmaker ( "Zvavo Fascism") uye uchitamba mutambo wacho ( "Mapfumbamwe Mazuva One Year") mafirimu. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha firimu theorists pezana XX remakore. VGIK mudzidzisi uye muvambi mapepa vakawanda yesayenzi.

Andrei Tarkovsky

Murume Rinotarisira kupfura muna USSR wechokwadi muri imba. matepi ake akazara pachako zvinoreva, azere achireva anokunyengedzera zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika. Akabvisa "Solaris" uye "Stalker", kazhinji zvichiita basa rake inenge ndeyokufananidzira mifananidzo.

Artists

Andrei Rublev

Modern Russian unhu hunoshamisa pakati vemifananidzo vangadai zvisingabviri pasina murume akateya nheyo Russian kupenda.

Munyori dzakawanda mifananidzo, Andrei Rublev akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna kunzwisisa ichi unyanzvi. Zvino mabasa ake havasi chete mumachechi asiwo namaberere siyana, kuti ivhu uye nevatambi kuti iconography.

Ilya Repin

munyori dzakawanda mifananidzo uye mhedziso agare achingoshanda. Kubva pasi rwake zvinhu zvakafanana "The Asingatarisirwi", "chikepe" uye "Ivan Grozny anouraya mwanakomana wake." Tenzi ezvinhu, "Mamiriro" mifananidzo.

Mumwe nomumwe kupenda ake - sezvinoita mufananidzo wakatorwa panguva mugumo chiitiko, yaakanga akaedza kunombata. Mifananidzo yake inopfuura vapenyu uye vanogona havawanzotauri zvarinoreva zvechokwadi pakutanga kuaona. Zvinokosha Repin - ndiwo manzwiro evanhu uye mashoko.

Kazimir Malevich

The modernist huru, anozivikanwa sezvo munyori atova zita mhuri "Black Square". Ndakanga ndakabatikana kutsvaka zvitsva siyana uye nzira dzokunyora ruvara paguva. Mifananidzo ake azere abstraction uye geometric zvitarisiko, kuedza kugadzira chimwe chinhu chitsva unyanzvi hwake. Ndiri kuedza kuwana mifananidzo "mhedziso zororo."

vanyori

Pyotr Tchaikovsky

Mumwe wokutanga Russian nyanzvi Vanyori, Tchaikovsky akaita kurira dzamaoko wechokwadi (mupfungwa yakanaka). Aiva murume anongoti vasingagoni kunyora nziyo.

Zvikuru dzakasiyana misoro vakarerwa zvose zvinobvira Genres zvakaitwa munyori Petra Ilicha, akakwanisa kusvika pamwoyo vose. Inonyanya nomukurumbira mabasa ake - the ballets "The Nutcracker" uye "Swan Lake".

Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov

The inozivikanwa zvikuru munyori operas pakati Vanyori Russian. Huru misoro vakashanda pamwe Nikolai Andreyevich - nyaya uye rengano ( "Three chishamiso", "The Snow Maiden").

Ndinotenda kuti chinangwa chikuru music - ndiko kubatana muteereri pamwe neizvo kwenyika, izvo chete kungaratidzwa nenzira, melodic chimiro chakafanana.

Dmitri Shostakovich

Munyori ane kunzwisisa wematambudziko, pakutanga aishanda modernist manyorerwo, uye kushingaira vaedza mune Genres zvose. Zvisinei, "Lady Macbeth pamusoro Mtsensk" haana kufanana Stalin pachake, uye ipapo kwaiteverwa utsinye udzvanyiriri.

Kuti azviponese nemhuri yake, Shostakovich aifanira kuitei kiyi setsikawo "pachena". Zvisinei, mimhanzi yake uye chaizvoizvo zvinoratidza kuti kunyange nyore muteereri anonzwa undertones paakapiwa munyori. Vazhinji moods kunanga uye nezvaanoreva, yaakanga paakapiwa ari nezvimwe №5 uye №7, ipapo vanhu vose kunzwisisa.

masayendisiti

Mikhail Lomonosov

Russian weduramanzwi rokutanga, "vanhu vose sayenzi." Russia akatungamirira tsvakurudzo panguva European chechetere. I zvinhu zvakawanda pazvinhu zvinenge zvose ano wesayenzi naye.

Somunhu academician uye chimwe chezvinhu vanoshingaira hunhu nguva yake, ndiye mufananidzo nokuda Russian Kujekerwa.

Dmitri Mendeleev

It atova kunozivikanwa Russian kemisiti, uyo akakwanisa kusika periodic hurongwa zvine maatomu akafanana, nokudaro kusundwa zvikuru mberi nyika nesayenzi. Kuvapo tafura yakadaro zvakajeka chinoratidza kuwirirana zvakasikwa uye yaro yakajeka hurongwa.

Mumwe mukuru Zvakawanikwa zviri munhoroondo yevanhu, izvo, chokwadi, unochengeta yose ano rwokuzvarwa sayenzi, nderake. Ndaishanda dzimwe sayenzi, kwaakanga akaitawo zvakawanwa siyana.

Ivan Pavlov

Wokutanga akahwina mubayiro weNobel kubva Russia. Pavlov akaita Zvakawanikwa kukosha zvipenyu uye physiology - kuti awana kuvapo hunenge mumuviri zvipenyu. Uye musayendisiti ichi Russian akavakamura kupinda zvimiso zvodini.

Zvakawanikwa izvi Pavlov akatsaurira upenyu hwake hwose uye kunyange kufa, akaramba kuti zvitungamirire vadzidzi manzwiro avo - kuti sayenzi akagona kuziva mamiriro rufu.

vatambi

Ivan Poddubny

The kunozivikanwa Russian wrestler, "gamba iri XX remakore". Mumakore gumi, handina kurasa imwe nguva. Kashanu vanotsigira vari mutsimba.

Garry Kasparov

Chess mutambi ane vanoverengeka mibayiro, ari "Chess Oscar" uye musoro nyika shasha. Akava nomukurumbira aibudirira wemishonga akasiyana nzira uye zvirongwa, uye kukwanisa kubuda raiita bungled chose bato mukundi.

"Debuts Kasparov" - saka zvino kunzi isingatarisirwi uye unconventional inofamba ichienda pakutanga mutambo.

Lev Yashin

The Soviet goalie, inozivikanwa kwayo "neprobivaemostyu" Mhedziso. Zvinonzi vaiona yakanakisisa Vatambi yacho XX remakore. Ataurazve kuzivikanwa sezvo yakanakisisa Vatambi of USSR. WeNobel of "Golden Ball".

mhedziso

Sezvo tinogona kuona, hunonyanya unhu munhoroondo Russia zvava zvikuru kuti zvose zvavanhu. Chekhov anogona zvakachengeteka kunzi yakanakisisa munyori wemitambo yenyika, uye Mendeleyev - mukuru kemisiti. All izvi vanhu zvinokosha kwete chete muRussia asiwo mumwe nharaunda umo vari yakakurumbira.

Tinovimba kuti chinoshamisa inofananidza remakore rechi21 Russia achava, sezvinongoita dzavo vamutangira, kureva chinhu nyika, kwete chete nokuda kwavo.