Mvura yeInland yeAustralia: zvinhu uye tsanangudzo

Pasinei nemvura inosvika mumvura, Australiya inopiwa hurumende yakanyanyisa pasi pose. Mamiriro okunze uye nzvimbo yekondinendi pane zvinyararire, izvo zvisingagoni kutaurwa nezvemhuka uye yemiriwo nyika. Chikamu chikuru cheAustralia chinogamuchira zvishoma zvishoma, uye nzvimbo huru yemvura iri kumabvazuva kwepakati pekondinendi. Izvi zvinotsanangura maitiro asinganzwisisiki emagetsi ekubatisa.

Mamiriro ekunze eAustralia

Chikamu chikuru chekondinendi iri paAustralia. Ruyamuro rwakaumbwa munguva yekudhonza kweArache. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, pane zvese zvisingasviki makomo. Mamiriro emamiriro ekunze akafanana neaya eAfrica. Pane imwe nguva apo chando chiri pamusoro penharaunda yeEurasia, Australia iri muchitsiko chechando chinopisa. Ivhareji yekupisa mukati mekondinendi inenge 35 ºC. Nguva yechando inotanga munaJune uye inoguma kusvika munaSeptember. Ivhareji yekutengesa kwemhepo inenge 10 ºC. Mundima, mazaya anogoneka. Munharaunda yakawanda, mukati megore, pasina 250 mm yemvura inowira.

Nyika yeAustralia inowanikwa munzvimbo nhatu dzepanyika: kutonhorera, kunzvimbo dzepasi uye nehubequatorial. Inenge 44% yenharaunda yacho inoshandiswa nemasango, ayo aripo 8. Chikamu chekumaodzanyemba kondinendi chinoratidzwa nenguva inotonhora uye yakaoma yezhizha, uye nguva yechando, pane zvinopesana, inonaya. Northern Australia iri pasi pesimba re South Trade-Trend. Muzhizha kune mvura yakawanda, uye munguva yechando inojekesa uye yakaoma.

Tectonics

Mazhinji emakondani emakomo mapurogiramu akanyangarika pamusana pokutsvaga kwemhepo kwemakore mabhiriyoni akawanda. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yeAustralia ndeyeGomo Kosciusko. Chikamu chikuru chezvikomo chinenge chakakwirira kusvika pasi pemamiriyoni 200. Makore anenge mamiriyoni makumi mana akapfuura, Great Dividing Range yakaumbwa. Ichi ndicho chakakanganisika gomo remagetsi, kunze kweiye chete pano.

Nyika ino iri kure nenzvimbo dzekubatana kweplate tectonic. Iyi mamiriro ezvinhu anotsanangura chokwadi chokuti hapana mhepo inoputika muAustralia. Kubatanidzwa kweplate tectonic iri muOceania. Munzvimbo ino basa rakaputika nemhepo.

Mvura yeInland yeAustralia: muchidimbu

Panyika ino, chiratidzo chiduku cherwizi ruchiyerera. Nhamba huru yemvura yeropa inowedzera. Nzizi, dzinotangira kumaodzanyemba kwekumabvazuva kweWathedhed Range uye dziri muTasmania, dziri gore rose. Mvura yomukati yeAustralia, iri kumavirazuva, inomira mukati mekupisa kwechando. Yenharaunda yenharaunda ine hova uye nzizi dzinoyerera kusvika mukati mekondinendi. Miganhu yemadziva anounganidza mvura haana simba.

Rivers

Mvura dzomukati dzeAustralia, mifananidzo yezviri munyaya yacho, dzinomiririrwa nerwizi rukuru - Murray. Iine matatu matatu makuru anotora unyoro kubva munharaunda inopfuura 1 000 km ² . Mhedzisiro yemitambo huru inowanika mazana maviri kubva kumabvazuva kwegungwa rekondinendi. Muchikamu chemazuva ano, vanobatanidza mumvura yakawanda yemvura inoyerera ichienda kumativi ekumhanya nenzira yegungwa. Kureba kwe Murray kune 2,575 km. Nzira iri pasi ndiyo 970 km kubva mumuromo weRwizi.

Chigumbuso chekutakura mvura huru ndiro sandbanks. Nemhaka yekuti nzvimbo yavo pedyo nemuromo wemidziyo yegungwa haigone kufamba Murray. Marrambiji ndiyo inotyisa yemvura yakawanda pane kondinendi. Iyo yakareba inenge 1690 km, rwizi runobva munzvimbo yeKuma. "Snowy Mountains" ndiyo nzvimbo inoshandiswa mvura inoshandiswa mvura inotungira kubatana kwehuni idzi.

Darling ndiye wechipiri mukuru wehurumende ye Murray, kuunganidza mvura kubva kumadokero nemitambo ye Watershed Range. Kureba kwerwizi urwu makiromita 2740. Munharaunda yaro uye pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa pane madzimai anotonga kutenderera nguva dzose, kunze kwekuoma kwemvura.

Mvura yehurumende

Izvi zvinowanikwa mumvura yeAustralia iri mukati megungwa haigoni. Chikamu chikuru chekondinendi ine mvura yakanyungudutswa kana yezvakadzika mukati. Muenzaniso wenzvimbo yakadaro ndiyo Western Plateau. Mune nzira dzakawanda, mvura inowanika kazhinji uye kwenguva pfupi. Zvironho zvinotungamirira pakuomesa dziva kana matongo.

Nharaunda huru, iyo ine mairi 1143.77 km ² , ndeyegungwa remvura. Eyre, chimwe chegumi zvikuru pane Pasi. Dziva racho rinosanganisira mvura ye Cooper Cooper, Dayamantina naGeorgina. Nzira yekuwa kwavo yakanyanya kuduku, mitsara iri kumhanya, dzimwe nguva inopindirana.

Kudzidza mvura iri mukati meAustralia 7th grade ye general school school. Kubva pakudzidza inozivikanwa kuti nzizi dzehova dzeEyre Basin dzinenge dzichioma nguva dzose, uye mvura inoyerera inowanikwa kunze kwemvura inonaya. Panguva ino, rutivi rwemvura inoyerera runosvika makiromita akawanda. Zvisinei, vanowanzosvibisa nguva dzose vasati vachisvika pakadziva gungwa. Mvura iyi yakaonekwa mairi kwekutanga kokutanga muna 1950 nguva yose yekucherechedza nevaEurope vakasvika kumhenderekedzo.

Mamiriro ekunze eAustralia uye mukati memvura yakabatana. Migumisiro yehuwandu hwemvura yakanyanyisa yaiva kusagadzikana kwezvizhinji zvehova dzenyika. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, havakwanise kushandiswa kubatsira kwevanhu. Nzvimbo shoma dzakakosha pakuvakwa kwemadzimai, kunyanya mukati memucheto wekontinende, uko dambudziko rekugovera mvura rakanyanya kwazvo. Kuti rigadzirise, dzimba dzakawanda dzakadzika dzemvura dzinodiwa.

Munzvimbo dzakaoma zvikuru, mvura yakawanda yemvura inongoputika. Chete muTagmania, mvura yeAustralia iri mukati megungwa ine gore rakachengetedza-rakapoteredza.

Lakes

Kuzorodzwa, mamiriro okunze eAustralia uye mvura iri mukati memvura yakakonzera mahombekombe akawanda akaoma. Pasi pemabhasi aya akafukidzwa nevhu, akafuma mumarata. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, pane dzimba dzakazara nemvura. Zvisinei, iyo yakazara nesarti uye silt pakadzika zvakadzika. Vakawanda vavo vari kumadokero kwekondinendi, uye chikuru chiri kumaodzanyemba (Eyre, Frome, Torrens, nezvimwewo).

Munharaunda yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumhenderekedzo kune mahombekombe akawanda ane mvura yakawanda yemunyu, ayo akaparadzaniswa kubva pagungwa nemiganhu yejecha. Tasmania inharaunda umo iwe unogona kuwana dzimba dzakakura dzekondinendi nemvura yakachena, vamwe vakavaka magetsi emagetsi emvura.

Pasi pemvura

Mvura pasi pepasi mukati memvura yeAustralia inobatsira zvikuru. Zvizhinji zvekugara kumaruwa zvinowanikwa kubva kune ino. Nzvimbo dzinoshandiswa mabhesheni epasi pemvura dzakawanda (kupfuura 3240 000 sq. Km). Zhinji dzazvo dzine zvigunwe zvakanyungudutswa, zvisingakodzeri kudiridza. Zvisinei, mvura iyi inogona kushandiswa kumapurazi emombe.

Pasi penyika yenyika iyo ndiyo yakakura pane imwe nyika yeGreat Artesian basin. Nharaunda yaro iri 1751.5 zviuru km ² . Mvura iri pasi pevhu ine nhamba yakawanda yemarata. Zvisinei, kunze kweiyo nzvimbo yekunyorovesa , makwai ekuberekesa pamhenderekedzo yegungwa achangotyisidzirwa. Masesi eAesesian emakona maduku aripo kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekondinendi.