Nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia - Cape Chelyuskin

Mupiro nevafambi Russian munhoroondo guru nenzvimbo zvakawanwa akanga akaita kumanikidzwa, nokuti ruzhinji munyika Urals affiliate umambo zvaiva zvechokwadi "maa incognita". In rakakura kuchamhembe dzezvimwe ari utsinye kweArctic okunze vasingagoni kunge misha zvachose, uye nechokumusoro achitandadza Eurasia akanga kubudirira chete nemhaka guru ushingi uye pfungwa zvakafanira vatsvakurudzi Russian.

Kubva Indian kusvika kweArctic

Eurasia - huru, iyo anopindura zvinopfuura chetatu zvachose panyika nzvimbo uye makuru panyika. Akararama dzakawanda vanhu. Asi kana ari rwezasi kondinendi rakamiswa dzine congested, ari circumpolar kweArctic dunhu - chihombe dongo nechando renje.

Kana kupisa rwezasi achisunda zvose zvipenyu zviri inodziya Mafungu Indian Ocean, chete Bheya rakamira pachando anonzwa akasununguka muna mafungu penyanza zvomumwe - kweArctic, iyo wakabudiswa nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia - Cape Chelyuskin.

Great Northern rwendo

Pakapera 1732 nokutanga guru Russian aiongorora Vitus Bering kugadzirira kunorwa kwakatangwa, akazopiwa zita North Great. mapoka Vashanu vafambi vaifanira kuongorora Russian kumhenderekedzo kubva pamuromo Pechora River kusvika pamhenderekedzo Japan. Yakaramba isingazivikanwi Coordonatele ari nechokumusoro achitandadza Eurasia. The hurukuro pachiwi kweArctic Ocean vaiva neSvondo panguva anofungidzirwa - kukuru Arctic nharaunda akaramba zvibereko nzvimbo nokuda Russian uye nyika jogirafi.

Kubva Lena kuna Taimyr

Imwe nzvimbo yakaomesesa - kubva pamuromo Lena kuna Taimyr - mune yokuzviparadzanisa pasi murayiro Vasiliya Pronchischeva. Iye akaita munenge hwasiiwa nzvimbo, apo paiva guru zvizvarwa vanhu. Huru rwendo chikepe - chaienda uye kukwasva-chikepe dubel (kureva kaviri sezvo avo vakange vakagadzirira warships, urefu - .. 20 m) "Yakutsk" - airwadziwa chando, vakabva akafa Pronchishchev refutenendi uye wake. The rwendo akaramba mumapoka matatu, kufamba nepanyika yakaoma. mapoka maviri angabudirira dambudziko kudzidza uye Mapping hwokuchamhembe kumahombekombe munzvimbo.

Mumwe yokuzviparadzanisa wakarairwa Chariton Laptev, vamwe zvasvika nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia - the aidzidzisa dubel-chikepe "Yakutsk" Urume Ivanovich Chelyuskin. Unonzi wokutanga mukuru uye yake akagara circumpolar zita raJehovha nenyanza yeLaptev, zita Chelyuskin zvechokwadi aiva ngano.

East North Cape

Pamwe namasere remakore ari kure huru makungwa ose Tula ramangwana wengarava mukuru akazvarwa, anezita rinonzi zvikuru kuchamhembe pfungwa Eurasia, svinudzai makore makumi mana gare gare. Zvidzidzo izvi, pamwe chete Moscow chikoro wemasvomhu uye navigation, akazaruka panguva behest wendarama yeRussian rengarava - Peter I, uye basa muGungwa reBaltic pamwe pachinzvimbo chevatatu mubatsiri aidzidzisa.

By hurongwa vairwara V. V. Pronchischeva, akanga murayiro "Yakutsk" uye bvisa kubva mberi chando pamuromo kuSiberia nzizi. Kudzidza, yokumadokero Taimyr, iyo inoitwa yokuzviparadzanisa inotungamirwa Chelyuskin aiva kusvikira kumboonekwa nemazvo yakaratidzwa nemhenderekedzo, uye May 7, 1742 asvika yakaderera ibwe payakangopfuura, izvo akasimbisa yechiedza vakauya pamwe naye kubva matanda nematombo zviunganidzwe.

Beyond nzvimbo ino hapana akauya. Akaverenga nzvimbo uye Longitude -77 ° 43'00 "pamwe. W. 104 ° 18'00 "munhu. d. Cheliuskin zvinyoronyoro Akapinza dhayari yake, richitsanangura Northern Cape Eastern. Ndivo Coordonatele ari nechokumusoro achitandadza Eurasia. Asi zvakava pachena pava paya, kana migumisiro rwendo vakanga kupatsanurwa mune Russian Geographical Society.

Man uye chikepe

rwendo Next asvika voenda nechokumusoro Taimyr pashure chete zana nemakore. In kukudzwa Centenary Feat of Great Siberian rwendo of East-North Cape - nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia - zvainzi kunzi Cape Chelyuskin.

Zita kunozivikanwa aidzidzisa yakagamuchirwa muna 1932 combi steamer, inovakirwa wekushandisa mu chando ari shipyards pakati muDenmark. "Chelyuskin" kwaiva kutora kubva pamuromo Lena River kuna Vladivostok, t. To. The utungamiriri Soviet akapa ngwariro chaiyo kukura kubva Far North uye kuFar East.

Chelyuskinskaya the saga

Kushambira, kwaiva kutanga Arctic navigation, zvakatanga August 2, 1933, uye September 1 steamer Chelyuskin yakasvika Cape - nechokumusoro achitandadza Eurasia. Pakazosvika nguva rakavakwa polar chiteshi ane Observatory, izvo akatungamirirwa kunozivikanwa ID Papanin.

zviitiko Uyezve kunoshamisa vakaita zita muchikepe, uye nawo zita polar co-mutyairi, nyika yakakurumbira. MuGungwa chukchi, ngarava payakanga zvakavharwa neaizi uye vakatanga kukukurwa kuna Bering Strait. 13 February 1934 gore, "Chelyuskin" mukusanzwisisa nechando rakadzikadzika, asingakwanisi kukurira kumanikidzwa nemhomho chando. Varume midziyo vakanga waburuswa kare pamusoro ice floe, vakatanga kuvhiyiwa kuvanunura.

Cape riri polar kumugumo Taimyr. Ndicho nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia, riri pamusoro munharaunda kweRussia, saka polar yemapurisa, riri pana Cape Chelyuskin, akaita basa rinokosha mune kufambisa kutaurirana pakati mapato nokushanda. Kwemwedzi miviri, vanhu vose - 104 vanhu - vaiva ndege kubviswa chando Park. Ngavakudzwe umhare polar vatsvakurudzi uye vatyairi akanga naka, ari vezvikepe vaiva Heroes of Soviet Union chokutanga, zita Chelyuskinites aiziva yose nyika - kubva kumuduku kusvikira huru.

Arctic nhasi

Yanhasi Russia anoparidza zvinorehwa ayo zvido kweArctic mapazi. Rinotema miganhu nezvinhu zviri kweArctic, mari pakutsvakurudza uye Geological kuongorora. Nechokumusoro pfungwa Eurasia uyewo anowana parinoshanda muzvirongwa izvi. Research Station pa Cape Chelyuskin tichienzanisa Soviet nguva akava zvishoma, asi basa rake mberi, izvo zvinoreva kuti mapiyona kweArctic zvibayiro havana pasina.