Nguwo yeArkutsk: tsanangudzo, nhoroondo. Chii chikara pane jasi rezvombo zve Irkutsk

Iyo jasi rezvombo zvekugadzirisa chero kupi zvako ndeyechokwadi yechokwadi pamusoro pokuberekwa, kubudirira uye kubudirira kwevanhu vemunharaunda imwe neimwe. Kazhinji, zviratidzo zvakadaro zvairatidza upfumi hwevanhu vaigara kune imwe nzvimbo, vakataura nezvekushinga kwavo uye kushandiswa kwakasimba.

Nguwo yeIrkutsk ine nhoroondo yayo yakasiyana-siyana, nechisimba ichibatanidza mukati mawo pachavo chisingawanzoshanduki chinoshanduka uye kutendeuka kwevakuru vakuru veTsarist.

Historical aspect

Hondo yeChishanu yechina yakaratidzwa nechiitiko chinokosha kuRussia - panguva iyi nzvimbo yakakura yeSiberia yakabatanidzwa kune simba guru. Kare kare panguva iyoyo, mapepa eSiberia akaratidza nzvimbo huru yenyika iyi nenzira yezvikara zvinotakura. Nguwo yezvombo zveumambo hweSiberia yaiva mifananidzo iyo mitambo miviri yakaisvonaka inobata korona mumakumbo avo. Ndicho chikonzero ichi chakazobhadharwa kukasika chiratidzo cheIrkutsk. Zvisinei, muna 1642 guta rakadai harisati ravapo, asi chiito chekutanga chechiratidzo chakaratidzwa pane tamputi yemitambo: chifananidzo chengwe, iyo yakabata uye yakabata tsanga mumeno.

Icho chaiva chifananidzo ichi chakazowira pajasi rezvombo zveIrkutsk uye chisimbiso chayo chepamutemo. Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu ezana remakore rechi17 guta rakawana kukosha kukuru, rakava nzvimbo yepurovhinzi. Asi chikwata chemauto chakagamuchirwa chakagamuchirwa musi waFebruary 18, 1690, uye chakamirira chifananidzo chinotevera: "Babru mune munda wesirivha, unomhanya pamusana uswa hwakasvibirira, hunotungamirirwa kuruboshwe rworusvingo rwehovo, uye mumasaya ake ndeyebvu."

Chikara chinoshamisa

Zvakajeka kuti nokusika zviratidzo zveimwe nzvimbo, munyori anoedza kusimbisa pfuma yake. Uye ndeupi mhuka pane jasi rezvombo zveIrkutsk? Kwenguva yakareba pakanga pane mafungiro akasiyana-siyana: kubva kune imwe yenhema inofanirwa kuenda kune imwe chaiyo ingwe.

Zvechokwadi, mamiriro aya achajekesa kumadzinza kuenzaniswa kwejasi remaoko: "Babru mhuka isingawanzoitiki inowanikwa muSiberia uye inopesana nekukwirira kwayo kune dzimwe mhuka. Akashinga, akasimba, haana vadzivisi chaivo. Pamusoro wehove chena-tsvuku kune mavara matsvuku. Kukwirira kwake hakusi kupfuura mhuka chaiyo. Zvikara usazviyambuka. Kunyange zvazvo ingwe yakafanana neBabru, asi yakawanda yakaoma sechikara. "

Hazviiti sechinhu chipi zvacho here? Asi masayendisiti akagumisa kuti tsanangudzo iyi ndeyevatori vaigara muTransbaikalia ndokusangana munzvimbo ye Irkutsk. Zvadaro zvakajeka kuti ndiani anoratidzwa panguvo yezvombo zveIrkutsk. Hachisi chisikwa chinyorwa zvachose, asi chikara chinotyisa, chine huno chaifungidzirwa kuti hachina mari uye hachiwanzoitiki muchechi yeEurope yeRussia.

Zvikanganiso zvemuenzi

Cherechedza kuti chikoro chechihedheni chinoda kuchengetwa kwezvimwe zvinyorwa pakusikwa kwechiratidzo chekugadzirisa. VaEurope vairatidza izvo zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kwemasvondo avo vaiitawo mutambo. Mufananidzo wacho wakaiswa pahovo, yaifanira kutya muvengi, asi chikara chinofanira kuenda uye chitizire kurudyi. Kana zvisina kudaro, chiratidzo chacho chakarasikirwa nebasa raityisa. Chikara chakaita sechimhanya, chikasiya. Yaiva nguva idzi dzisina kuiswa mucherechedzo nemunyori uyo muzana remakore rechi18 akasika jasi remauto eIrkutsk. Tsanangudzo yemufananidzo uyu inopa pfungwa yemashoko asina kunaka: chisikwa chakabata sable chakanga chakaoma kudana grizzler inotyisa, yakanga yakaita seganda rakanyarara "rakamhanya" (rakatarisa kuruboshwe).

Chiratidzo chitsva cheharaunda

Nhoroondo yejasi reIrkutsk harina kuzadzikiswa pamusana pekusagadzikana kwechiitiko chekuitwa. Akatova muhafu yepiri yezana remakore rechi19 munyori B.V. Ken, achifunga nezvekukanganisa kwakakura mumufananidzo, akaunza tsanangudzo itsva yechifananidzo. Tenzi uyo akasika mufananidzo mutsva, panguva iyoyo, akatungamirira Dhipatimendi reGerold. Akataurira nyaya iyi zvakanyanyisa, achinyatsoongorora mhemberero yekuonekwa kwechisimbiso chokutanga nemufananidzo wemhuka ine simba. Nguvo itsva idzva yakasiyana nenzira inotevera:

• Chimiro chegadziri chakashanduka zvachose: chikara chave chakasimba uye chakasimba, kunyange chakasayeuchidza ingwe kana tiger. Zvisikwa zvakasviba zvakange zvakafanana nekaka rakangwara rine mutsara wakasimudza uye mitsipa yakadzika.
• Sable akazova mukuru uye akawana ruvara rutsvuku.
• Babr, maererano nemitemo yehealdary, yakaendeswa kurudyi.
• Nzvimbo yacho yakasarudzwa kuti irambe isingachinji - uswa hwakasvibirira.

Ichokwadi, kunyange pano jasi remauto eIrkutsk akateverwa nekanganiso yakaipa - mukutsanangurwa kwechiratidzo Ken akaita chikanganiso: pane shoko rokuti "Babr", "beaver" rakashandiswa, iro rakashandura zvakanyanya zvarinoreva. Saka chifananidzo chetsano chemhuka isinganzwisisiki yakazvarwa. Asi munyori akatsanangura zvinoreva chifananidzo ichi nenzira inotevera: Nyika yakafuma yeSiberia inopa zvose zvayo zvinokosha. Yaiva urebhu hunobhururuka, hwakanga hwakakosha zvikuru.

Kwapera nguva pfupi, zvikamu zvinotevera zvakawedzerwa mumufananidzo: mufananidzo wemufananidzo wakanga wakagadzirwa nemashizha emuouki akakomberedzwa nebhebheni yaSt. Andrew, uye pamusoro pechiratidzo chaiva korona youmambo.

Mufananidzo wemazuva ano

Iyo jasi rezvombo mukududzirwa kwaKena yakashandiswa kwenguva refu uye yakawira murudo nevagari vese muguta uye nyika yose. Inogona kuonekwa pamakadhikadhi kubva kuRussia isati yachinja. Zvisinei, panguva yeSoviet, mufananidzo wekorona uye tambo yaSt. Andrew yakabviswa, asi mufananidzo wacho pachawo hauna kuchinja. Uye muna 1960-1980. Nguwo yezvombo yakazvikudza yakasvibisa Rwizi rweAngara (pakati pechiteshi chezvitima uye bhiriji).

Recent changes

Chazhinji munguva pfupi yapfuura, muna 1997, State Heroldia yakazobvumira jasi remauto eIrkutsk. Panguva imwecheteyo, chiratidzo chemahara yacho hachisi chakasiyana nechepurovhinzi yepurovhinzi, ribboni chete, korona uye mashizha zvinobviswa. Asi chiratidzo cheIrkutsk chave chiri chigumbuso chaiyo pakati pevanyori vehealdary uye simba reguta Duma. Nyanzvi munyaya yekuongorora zviratidzo zvekare zvakasimudzira kuchengetedza chifananidzo nenzira isina kuchinjwa (kureva kuti, babr anotarisa kurudyi), asi Duma akasimbisa "chikara chinopukunyuka" kuruboshwe. Uye saka chirevo chitsva chakaberekwa - zviratidzo zvenharaunda uye neguta zvino zvinotarisa nenzira dzakasiyana.

Afterword

Pasinei nechokwadi chokuti jasi rezvombo rakashandurwa kwemazana emakore akawanda, kuchinja chifananidzo chechikara uye kutungamirirwa kwekufamba, vanhu vanogara muguta rino uye nzvimbo vanokudza nekuremekedza chiratidzo. Tinovonga nekunyengera kwezviitiko zvekunyadzisa uye kunyange kukanganisa kwepasina, nyanzvi chaiyo yakaberekwa. Vese Irkutskians vanogona kuzvirumbidza pamusoro pechikara chenhema, chausingazooni pane imwe mifananidzo mupasi!