Christmas Tree: The Story yokushanyira Russia

Zvakaoma kufungidzira vakawanda akatangira zororo gore vadikamwa vana nevakuru, pasina yakadaro chaiwo chizenga sezvo Christmas muti. Nhoroondo tsika anorayira kuti vashongedze muti nokuda pazororo, midzi yawo emakore shure. Apo vanhu vakatanga vashongedze miti yakasvibira nemiti muRussia uye dzimwe nyika, zvichiita kuti vadaro?

Ko muti

Vagere munyika yekare zvechokwadi vakatenda mashiripiti masimba nokugarwa miti. Zvaidavirwa kuti awo vari zvakavanzika mweya, zvakanaka uye zvakaipa, izvo zvinofanira kuremekedzwa. Hazvishamisi, miti zvaiswa pasi ezvitendero akasiyana-siyana. vanhu vekare vakanamata kwavari, taura navo munamato, achikumbira tsitsi uye kudzivirirwa. Kuti midzimu havana hanya, ivo varemekedze tireyi (muchero, zvihwitsi), izvo risungirirwe pamapazi kana akatambanudza pedyo.

Sei asina yakashongedzwa vanoondoroka, Eucalyptus, pamiouki uye dzimwe mhando, kureva muti? Christmas Nyaya rine ngano zhinji dzakanaka nezvenyaya iyi. The kupfuura chokwadi Shanduro - softwood runako akasarudzwa nokuda kukwanisa kwayo kuramba girini, zvisinei nguva ipi yegore haina kuuya. Izvi vakasundira vagere munyika yekare aiona chiratidzo kusafa.

History of Christmas Tree: Europe

Tsika, sezvo achiziva vagere ano kwakasimbiswa mu Ages Europe. Pane akasiyana zvekungofungira pamusoro apo vakatanga nhoroondo Christmas muti. Pakutanga, vanhu vakanga achingopiwa duku nemapazi vanoondoroka kana zvomusiperesi, izvo risungirirwe mumba. Zvisinei, zvishoma nezvishoma, vakachinja yose nhungirwa miti.

Maererano nengano, nhoroondo Christmas muti chokuita Martin Luther, yakakurumbira muvandudzi pakati Germany. Famba ari manheru musi Christmas Eve, mufundisi vayemura runako kwenyeredzi kupenya denga. Paakasvika kumba, akawana muti duku patafura, pamwe pacho, uchishandisa makenduru. Vashongedze muti misoro Martin akasarudza nyeredzi kuti inomirira munhu kuti wakabatsira Magi akawana mwana Jesu.

Chokwadi, iyi inongova ngano. Zvisinei, pane pamutemo muchirumbidza Christmas muti, coinciding inenge nguva imwe chete. Somuenzaniso, pamusoro makanyorwa renhoroondo dzamadzimambo French nokuda 1600 fung gore. Yokutanga Miti Krisimasi vakanga vakasiyana saizi, vakanga vakaisa pamabwendefa kana akarembedza kubva masvingo uye ceilings. Zvisinei, muzana remakore rechi17 mudzimba vakanga miti makuru. Deciduous miti, yakanga kare uyewo kushandiswa vashongedze misha pamberi dzemazororo, akanga akanganwa zvachose.

Nemisipiresi muRussia: dzekare kare

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti wokutanga kuedza kuti muti uyu chiratidzo yekupindurwa gore akava Peter. Kutaura zvazviri, vekare madzinza necheSalvic pamwe kuvhunduka panguva imwe akaitira coniferous uswa, vaitova kuti "Krisimasi muti" imwe mhando. History ane kuti madzitateguru edu pakati chando, kufanorongwa nokupembera uye vakaimba nziyo akapoteredza muti. Chinangwa, nokuda iro izvi zvose zvaitika, raiva chisinga- remvura mwarikadzi mupenyu. Aidiwa kuti kugumisa ushe Santa Claus uye kubvisa cheni chando pasi.

Nemisipiresi muRussia: kuMiddle Ages

Petro haana kuedza kugadzirisa tsika anoshamisa akadai Christmas muti munyika yedu. History anotiudza kuti mambo akanga pakutanga amboona wakapfeka muti mumba neshamwari German uyo Christmas akasangana. Pfungwa akaita pfungwa huru pamusoro pake: spruce, yakashongedzwa candies uye muchero panzvimbo zvavo pasikweya. Peter Mukuru akarayira kuti vanopemberera New Year netsika German. Zvisinei, vatsivi vake vakakanganwa chirevo ichi kwemakore anouya.

Panyaya iyi, mubvunzo unomuka: apo vakaita Christmas muti kuRussia? Izvi hazviitiki nguva, kana akapinza miti pamazororo hazvigoni akarayira kuti Catherine II. Zvisinei, Conifers hadzina yakashongedzwa kusvikira pezana remakore rechi19. Panguva iyoyo vokuGermany, uyo akanga asina mafaro tsika iyi Russia, makasimbiswa muSt Petersburg, wokutanga yakashongedzwa Christmas muti.

Nemisipiresi muRussia: Soviet Union

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti Bolsheviks vakauya simba anenge maviri emakore akaita tsika mhuri zvakanaka zvisiri pamutemo. Hurumende Soviet rakazivisa kushongedzwa coniferous miti "Bourgeois kwechokwadi." Mukuwedzera, panguva ino kwakanga chinoshingaira kutamburira nekereke uye yemisipiresi kwainzi mumwe Christmas zviratidzo. Zvisinei, vagari vazhinji rokuRussia nguva idzodzo havana akasiya tsika dzakanaka. Zvokuti, kuti muti paakagadzwa muchivande vapanduki.

Izvo chete zviitiko hakurevi kuva nyaya Christmas muti kuRussia! Muchidimbu, muna 1935 tsika zvava pamutemo kamwe zvakare. Izvi wakakodzera Pavlu Postyshevu, "akabvumira" yezororo. Zvisinei, vanhu categorically wakarambidzwa muti unonzi "Krisimasi" chete "New Year." Asi zuva January rokutanga adzoka Weekend mamiriro.

Wokutanga Christmas muti vana

Kwapera gore, pashure kudzoka mudondo runako mudzimba dzevanhu, zvichiratidza chikuru zororo kwegore, izvozvo akaronga pamwero mukuru kupemberera, yakaitirwa imba Unions. Kubva kuti kwaitanga nhoroondo muti weKrisimasi nevana yokuRussia, uyo mutambo uyu yakarongwa. Kubvira ipapo, pane nemasangano taurwa zvakafanana zviitiko pamwe fanira kuparadzirwa zvipo, dana Santa Claus.

Kremlin Christmas muti

Mumwe kufarira nzvimbo New Year anoramba ari nzvimbo Kremlin kuti vagari Moscow kwemakore akawanda. vamwe All vokuRussia usakanganwa batidza TV kunakidzwa mi- Christmas muti, wakapfeka mukukudza kusvika New Year. Kokutanga kugadzwa ane coniferous muti, rinomirira upenyu husingaperi, pamusoro Kremlin Square kwakaitika muna 1954.

ari tinsel akaita kupi

Wakabata pamwechete nhoroondo pakuonekwa vanonyanya kutaurwa of New Year, tinofanira kuda kuziva uye nezvishongo. Somuenzaniso, zvinoshamisa tsika yakadaro, sezvo kushandiswa tinsel vakauya kwatiri kubva kuGermany, uko wakazviratidza remakore rechi17. Panguva iyoyo, zvakaita nesirivha chaicho, iro thinly sliced, kuva sirivha "mvura", kuburikidza icho chakaramba muti weKirisimasi. Nyaya Russia vomuzuva zvibereko foil uye PVC haina kuzivikanwa chaizvo.

Zvinofadza kuti pamwe Christmas tinsel kwakabatana yakanaka nengano. Makarekare akararama mukadzi aiva nevana vakawanda. Yemhuri pfupi nemari, saka mukadzi haana kushanda zvakanaka agadzire Christmas chiratidzo muti akaramba rakapotsa unadorned. Kana mhuri akaenda kunorara, madandaude ndakasika munhu dandemutande padandemutande muti. Gods mubayiro rwaamai mutsa wake vamwe, akabvumira web kuva sirivha rinopenya.

Kunyange pakati rokupedzisira remakore yakanga chete sirivha tinsel. Pari, unogona kutenga kushongedzwa ino chero ruvara. Kunyanya zvinhu inoshandiswa kugadzira, zvichiita kuti chigadzirwa zvikuru yakasimba.

A mashoko mashoma pamusoro chiedza

Sezvambotaurwa, coniferous miti, kuiswa mumba on New Year Evha, kwakasarudzwa kwete chete kuti vashongedze asiwo kufukidza. Kwenguva refu nguva zvinangwa izvi aishanda chete makenduru kuti vari yakavimbika pazvinhu pamatavi. Nokukakavara pamusoro ndiani chaizvo vakwira pamwe kushandisa nezvishongo, haisati yapera. Chii inotiudza, vakaita Christmas muti pamwe chiedza ano sei?

The inonyanya dzidziso ndechokuti kokutanga pfungwa kubatidza miti yakasvibira runako pamwe magetsi akaratidza American Johnson. chipo iyi zvinobudirira kuunzwa upenyu nokuda compatriot hwake Maurice, makanika kubudikidza basa. Ndiye wokutanga akasikwa korona, kuunganidza yakakunakira akaitwa vakawanda Mabumba duku. Vanhu vokutanga akaona mutambo muti yakavhenekerwa nenzira iyi, muna Washington.

Evolution of Christmas matoyi

Pasina mwenje tinsel Zvakaoma kufungidzira ano Christmas muti. Zvisinei, kunyange zvakaoma kurega matoyi anodhura, kusika vaitamba mutambo mhepo nyore. Zvinofadza kuti wokutanga Christmas matoyi muRussia vaiva dzinodyiwa. Kuti ashongedze New Year chiratidzo akasika Zvidhori mukanyiwa, akaputirwa foil. The foil angava goridhe, sirivha, dzakapendwa namavara dzinopenya. Uyewo akarembera mapazi muchero, nzungu. Zvishoma nezvishoma, vamwe zvinowanika dzave akashandisa kusika yakarongedzwa.

Papera nguva, nyika yakatanga kupinza girazi zvigadzirwa, kunyanya unobereka muGermany. Asi glassmakers dzemo vakakurumidza pakugona kugadzirwa michina, zvichiguma rakajeka matoyi vakasikwa Russia. Kuwedzera girazi, achishingaira kushandiswa zvinhu zvakadai shinda, makadhibhokisi. Wokutanga girazi balls zvinosiyana zvikuru kurema kuti pakutanga rechi20 vatenzi remakore vakatanga kubudisa dzakaonda girazi.

Around sezvo vanhu vekare 70 aifanira kukanganwa pamusoro zvishongo akasiyana kugadzira. "Balls", "icicles", "mabhero" conveyors ndokutsika mafekitari vashandise unyanzvi. Interesting zviitiko mhiri zvakawanda kashoma, mudzimba dzakasiyana akaturika matoyi chete. Sezvineiwo, mazuva ano vanowana zvechokwadi yepakutanga Christmas muti kushongedzwa hakuchisiri nyore.

A mashoko mashoma pamusoro nyeredzi

Shongedza muti nokuda zororo unakirwe nomwana wako, uyo vachanakidzwa nyaya vakaita ndipo Christmas muti. Nyaya vana Russia dzichava kunyange kunakidza kana iwe musakanganwa kuvaudza nyeredzi. Mune USSR, kwakasarudzwa kusiya chaiwo Star kuBheterehema, kutaridzwa nzira kuti mwana Jesu. Her nzira yakanga dzvuku nesadhio chigadzirwa chakatodzana avo kuti zvaiiswa pamusoro Kremlin shongwe. Dzimwe nyeredzi yakapiwa pamwe Mabumba.

Zvinofadza ishamwari chenyeredzi Soviet hapana pose. Chokwadi, mazuva ano zvinhu nokuda kushongedzwa muti weKrisimasi misoro tarisa zvikuru anoyevedza uye dzinonakidza.

Saka zvishoma anotarira nzira woupenyu Christmas muti, nhoroondo parinowanika muRussia sezvo chaiwo unhu rezororo.