"Nyatsotarira Gynt" Genrika Ibsena: pfupiso. "Nyatsotarira Gynt": vatambi, rangano, musoro

Vanhu vanoti kuguma hazvigoni akanyengedza, vose vachaona zvazvaireva kuva. Chinhu chikuru - kwete kutengesa pachake, kutenda norudo. Nokuti nyaya dzakadaro yakanyorerwa akakurumbira Norwegian munyori wemitambo uye nyanduri Henrik Ibsen mubasa rake "Nyatsotarira Gynt". It akasikwa panguva vagari pamwe sezvazviri chaizvo rudo. Munyori aitya kuti nhetembo "Kuda Gynt" havazogari kunzwisiswa kunze Norway, sezvazvakafanira akafuma kwazvo zvinhu uye peculiarities kuri munyika. Asi chigadzirwa awana mukurumbira munyika dzakawanda, akavanzwira mumitauro yakawanda yokuEurope. Gare gare munyori Edvard Grieg yakanyorwa mumhanzi kukuru, achipa chigadzirwa yakawanda uye akakurumbira zvikuru. Ibsen mutambo akaita firimu kakawanda, vatungamiriri vakawanda aiitisa zvesimba ayo pachikuva.

A zvishoma pamusoro munyori

Popularity chinoita akakurumbira Norwegian munyori wemitambo Henrik Ibsen munyika dzokuEurope yawedzera achangobva. Kana isu kutaura pamusoro vatenzi mabhuku ano, zita rake rinogona kuiswa pedyo matarenda akadai Zola uye NdiTolstoy. Ibsen mbiri yose kwakabatana kuparidzirwa mumabasa ake pfungwa. basa rake - mberi kuWestern musoro mutambo anenge yaiva kwakabatsira unyanzvi nyika.

Ibsen akaita Fafitera kuva co-munyori uye funga pamwe vatambi. Munyori anoisvokosha AMD vaiona pamberi romunyori pfungwa. Iye anoratidzwa vanhu vari musazonetsanazve, kurwisana zuva nezuva, vachisiya yokupedzisira muverengi zvisingaitiki. Kakawanda, munyori wemitambo anofananidzwa vamiririri vakapfuma mhuri Norwegian, zvakange zvakakosha matambudziko mari. Uyezve, mumwe nomumwe nyaya yake inokurukurwawo mumaonero revanhu, zvokuti vaverengi anogona podiskussirovat.

The vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro Ibsen - vanhu vanonzwisisa chikwereti chako, vaongorori vanosarudza zvavo unhu, kutsvaka chokwadi angambosvika. Nokuda kwaizvozvi Henrik Ibsen akava chiratidzo musoro art. basa rake nechinangwa updating uye yomukati rusununguko womunhu. Kwokutanga Mitambo ake aiva "The kutamburira choumambo," "Comedy Rudo," "Warriors mu Hengelande". Kuyemura vaverengi nhetembo yake "Munguva Heights," mutambo "Brand." Hot misoro vakatosikwa akakurukura nomunyori iri mutambo "mweya", "Lady kubva Sea", "The Wild Duck", "A Doll HOUSE" uye vamwe. The wokupedzisira, inosuruvarisa chaizvo uye rakapinza basa Ibsen, yaiva mutambo "Kana We Dead muhope". On maonerwo iri yekudyidzana vanotungamirirwa munyori wemitambo Kukurudzirwa kwavari pauduku kunotevera. Akanga rinoputswa baba akapfuma kuenda zvikuru munzanga chinzvimbo uye faira uye kuti awane chimedu chechingwa.

Nhoroondo kutamba "Nyatsotarira Gynt"

Sezvo nechakare, uye akagamuchira mabhuku bhezari, Henrik Ibsen nemhuri yake Italy. Ikoko akapedza makore maviri achishanda nesimba kuti pave ounyanzvi maviri - anotamba "Brand" uye "Kuda Gynt". Vazhinji theatre vatsoropodzi ona zvidimbu izvi vari kunzwisisa, nekuti vane zvakafanana pfungwa - kuzvitonga uye kugadzwa munhu ani.

The gore rose (1867 ndipo), kuti munyori wemitambo akanga achishandisa mutambo. shamwari dzake, akanyora kuti akarota kusunungura nokuda Christmas. Zita nhetembo "Kuda Gynt" ndiro zita iwoyu protagonist basa. A yakawanda inobatsira zvinhu nokuda mutambo Ibsen akatora kudzidza okugadzira zvinhu Asbersona. Kubva dzechembere ake munyori akakwereta zita Kuda Gynt.

Kusika hunhu hwake, munyori wemitambo akasarudza kudare Norwegian ngano. Pamwe chevarwere unyanzvi, vakaridza zvokukurumidzira nezvinetso vaakasarudza munzanga kukosha. Munyori akaedza kuratidza satirical yokunyora nokudhirowa ari muvanhu kumiririra reactionary yeChina muNorway. Vaverengi vakawanda vakakwanisa kuona magamba enyika nhetembo caricatures vezvematongerwo.

Pakutanga, mutambo kwaisanganisira mabasa shanu uye havana kuudza mumufananidzo. The chiito akabva nenzvimbo. Kuratidzwa kwe kutamba pachikuva, nguva ino nenziyo zvakanyorwa nokuti kubudikidza Grieg, yakaitwa 1876. In wokutanga mwaka paiva 36 submissions.

The vanonyanya kutaurwa pamusoro nhetembo

Genrika Ibsena detembo akazara akasiyana-siyana-siyana vatambi. Heano chikuru uye yechipiri vanotaurwa "Kuda Gynt":

• chirikadzi murimi Oz (mai refill vake);
• Nditarisise Gynt - the protagonist;
• Mhizha Aslak;
• mutambo mukuru muchato, vaeni ake uye vaimbi;
• misha mhuri;
• Mwanasikana misha - Helga Solveig (yechipiri anoda refill);
• Mr. farmstead pamusoro - Hegstad;
• mwanasikana wake Ingrid;
• mufudzikadzi;
• Dovrsky somuzivi;
• Pamwero trolls, vana vavo;
• muroyi;
• remidzanga dwarves, nezvikwambo, kobolds;
• shata pakusika (anonzi mwanakomana refill);
• kuchema shiri;
• Company vafambi;
• mbavha;
• mwanasikana Anitra Bedouin jinda raMwari;
• boka vachitamba, varanda, Arab;
• Musoro madhouse muna Cairo;
• Minister Hussein;
• Varwere uye varindi madhouse, uye vamwe.

Pfupiso ye "Kuda Gynt"

Where kwete chete ndiyo chiito mutambo! Chokutanga, ndiwo makomo Norwegian, ipapo bako Dovrskogo mukuru. Pashure paizvozvo, huru hunhu Zvinovhiringidza muEgipita sand. Akatevera nzvimbo yaaigara - a madhouse. Pakupedzisira chinozadzwa nechikepe uye anosarudzwa kubva nemafungu pagungwa.

Pfupiso ye "Kuda Gynt" kutiudza kuti Norwegian kumaruwa. The protagonist Père - the Guy kubva kugarwa. baba vake, Johann Gynt, aimbova kwose kuremekedzwa murume, asi gare gare akatora kunwa uye akarasikirwa zvose zvake. Peru chaizvoizvo kuda kudzokera zvose anenge akapambadza baba vake. Youth zvinoodza zvokufungidzira, kushamisira, kufungidzira pachake vakashinga gamba.

Mother Per Oz anoda mwanakomana wake uye anonetseka kuti akanga yakakurumbira pamwe nevasikana. Rinopa jaya kutora mwanasikana mukadzi wemurimi, Ingrid. Asi unowira kungoda mwanasikana murimi mudiki-ezvitendero - Solveig. Wedding achiri kutora nzvimbo, asi nokukurumidza akapa Per Ingrid, sezvo kungokangaidzwa kujairika Solveig. Mukomana akanga kuvanza.

Next nyaya "Kuda Gynt" iri Kutamiswa kusango. On munzira gamba asangana mukadzi ari Green nejasi, aiva nababa Dovrskim mambo. Peru aida kumuroora uye kuva Prince. Dovrsky mukuru vakomana kunoisawo munhu hazviiti mugariro - kuva troll. Vagari sango kurova nomukomana, asi kubatsira Aase uye Solveig, ndiani chaizvo kwazvo kwaari.

Zvaizoratidza sokuti zvose zviri kuenda mufaro, asi pakarepo mwanasikana mukuru Dovrskogo Peru kunounza shoma chikara uye anoti yakanga mwanakomana wake, uyo anoda kuuraya baba vake demo. Zvinoda refill kukanda Solveig. Anobata pamusoro run. Asati abva, Anokwanisa kushanyira mai vake vairwara.

Saka akatora makore 50. Nyatsotarira Gynt akava murume anobudirira, uye maoko munyengeri. Kamwe achipinda boka tsoko, iro akakwanisa kuchinja zvakare. Zvadaro mugumo anowana nayo muna Sahara mugwenga, iye akasangana navaArabhu.

Pashure paizvozvo, vaverengi pfupiso "Kuda Gynt" anotamisa kuIjipiti, uko gamba achifungidzira pachake wenhoroondo uye akiyorojisiti. Sezvo chose kuchena, akasarudza kudzokera kumisha yavo. Mushure dzinokanganisa zhinji uye majana pamukova mufaro wake asangana Solveig akwegura. Iye akabatsira makore ose aya akamirira wake waaida nezvaakaona maari pachake. Ichi pfupiso "Kuda Gynt" - mutambo apo chimiro - muoni, murume haakwanisi kuita, kwete muupenyu panzvimbo yavo.

Matambudziko makuru uye dzinotaura zviri kutamba

mabhuku vatsoropodzi vakawanda vanodavira kuti mufananidzo Nyatsotarira Gynt, munyori akaratidza hwokufananidzira hunhu XIX remakore. Per - trimmer ratyama, kuvimbika vanhu. Huru dambudziko anganzi impersonality vomunguva Ibsen kuti zvagara zvinowanika muchimiro Bourgeois vanhu. Vechiduku vakawanda panguva iyoyo haana zvakawanda kwokuzvidira nomuzariro. Ibsen anomutsa zvakajeka nyaya kuvapo pfumbu pakati. Per akamuka mai rengano, uye saka yava yakadaro arambwa nhamba. Dreams uye chokwadi Vaisanganisa mupfungwa dzake. The Musoro "Kuda Gynt" kwakafanira kuhupenyu nhasi.

Ukoshi mufananidzo Pakuda Gynt

Mutambi mukuru ane mukurumbira munyori wemitambo detembo - vane Norwegian vanhu dzidziso. Takatodzidza kutaurwa kuti aiva kumumvuri nhau. Ibsen wakafukidza ngano zvayo uye ingano, akamupa hwokufananidzira zviri mumiririri ano munyika yake. Pakutanga Per nyasha vakashinga uye mashiripiti vatambi vasina nezvinangwa, uyewo dzimwe Air vatambi. Jaya achiri, apo kuenda, anoenda nyore pamusoro zvisingazivikanwi nzira. kutya kwake chikuru ndechokudzibatsira kukwanisa munguva dzakaoma vadzoka. Per anosarudza ezvinhu - nayo anokurukura pamwe trolls, Vaiita zvekutenga nekutengesa, tsoko ... The chikuru chinhu kuti zvakanga reversible.

All-anokunda simba rudo

Kuda Gynt haana akazadzisa magumo ayo munhu iye akavigwa tarenda rake somunhu nyanduri, kunyange chivi haana vanonyatsoziva sei. zvisikwa zvake aiva akashata vhundutsa-troll. The gamba anoona sei zvikuru rudo rwake Solveig, zvakanzi nematambudziko marwadzo nehana. Ko Unoda kubudirira Gynt? Aida batanidza okugadzira zvinhu uye upenyu ... Solveig hwose upenyu kumirira mudiwa wake. At pakuguma nhetembo gamba chinonzvenga chirango ndararama upenyu hwake, nekuti chikuru zvaakasika aiva norudo.

Kugadzirwa kutamba pachikuva

gore rimwe nerimwe muzhizha muNorway (pamusoro Vinstra) romutambo, riri kuna nhetembo. Rinongova incredible chiito pachena mhepo, iyo inonyatsobudisa pfungwa yeshoko chakavanzika uye ngano dzose Norwegian vanhu.

Muna 1993, rimwe Russian mutambi Antonina Kuznetsova akaita mumwe murume akaratidza kuti "Kuda Gynt". Muna 2011, Anton Shahin airidza basa guru iri kutamba "Kuda Gynt", iro vakarayirwa Mark Zakharov. MuRussia, mabasa mumwechete zita vachiri kuisa muSt Petersburg uye Novosibirsk.

Music kuti nhetembo

The akakurumbira Munyori Edvard Grieg, munhu akararama Ibsen, akanyora nziyo dzakanaka kuti mutambo "Nyatsotarira Gynt". Atova XX remakore wenziyo WERNER EGK rakabudisa dhanzi. Muna 1986, kutamba akanga kufanorongwa mu mabasa matatu ane epilogue Alfreda Shnitke.

A chinovhara kwadzakabva of nhetembo

Kutanga 1915 basa Ibsen ka12 akanga filmed. Izvi zvakaitwa muUnited States, Germany, Britain, France, Hungary, Norway. Muna 2006, mutungamiriri Uwe Janson akaita Akasunungura Newest shanduro firimu "Nyatsotarira Gynt".

Kukosha chigadzirwa iri tsika munyika

rudo chete chinoita munhu wose uye anopa nechinangwa muupenyu - pfungwa iyi zvakasimba Ibsen kwakaitika mutsika munyika. The Norwegian guta Oslo inotangwa Sculpture Park Kuda Gynt. Mukurumbira Artist Nikolai Roerich yakabereka nzvimbo dzokuona dzakanaka kuti kutamba kufanorongwa panguva Moscow Art Theater. Nyanzvi dzezvomuchadenga vachikudza mumwe heroines ari nhetembo ainzi asteroid Aas. Mufananidzo Nyatsotarira Gynt vari mutsika nyika ndiyo chete nokusingaperi, kufanana zvifananidzo Don Quixote, Faustus, Prince Myshkin, kuti Odyssey ... It runokukura vanhu vazhinji rokusika, saka Ibsen akawana mukurumbira pasi pose.