ODN - chii? Obschedomovye inoda. kukarukureta

Risiti vachibhadhara nokuti furati asangana mutsetse rinonzi ARF. Chii? Zvarinomirira "vanhuwo imba-zvinodiwa." Uye ndizvo zvavari ane uye sei dzemaitirwe rinoitwa - tinodzidza kubva ino.

ODN: chii?

imba ose kuti zvakabatana simba afoot, anogamuchira simba, inocherechedzwa nhoroondo pamukova chivakwa. Rinoshandiswa rinodyiwa mukati mekamuri uye zvakafanana munzvimbo. Obschedomovoy kaunda haazobvumiri zvose zvemagetsi simba kuti anopinda furati.

Haasi munhu wose anonzwisisa tsanangudzo ARF: chii uye sei mufananidzo uyu zvinoratidzwa bhiri. The muripo akapiwa kwete chete okuvimba pamusoro napo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudyiwa magetsi muimba yepasi uye remba, basa midziyo moto, maintercom, pombi - ndiro vose magetsi, izvo zvinopa rokunyaradza pekugara kuti vomumuzinda zvose. Uyewo inorangarira kudziyisa obschedomovoy nzvimbo uye zvichingodaro.

imba imwe neimwe ine yakatarwa ayo magetsi. Uyezve, vose kwesayenzi nezvinhu zviri pomumbure mukati meimba uyewo akabhadhara obschedomovye zvinodiwa.

ODN uye OGPU

Kune dzimba dzisina inopiwa obschedomovoy metering mudziyo (OGPU). Ipapo ODN mhosva yoga. Kunyange zano mukati muridzi mupanda anofanira kuripa ODN maererano nemitemo. Naizvozvo, kana iri pakaunda mukamuri hauna kuisa, ivo utilities vanobhadharwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa pamwe kuwedzera ODN.

Kana pari tambo transformers akagadzawo Somuenzaniso, mwero mvura inopisa kuti inobhadharwa kusiyana nhamba yakagamuchirwa chivako vhoriyamu, uye mvura kupedzana flats. Musiyano wacho anoparadzirwa pakati varidzi, vakapiwa nzvimbo pfuma yavo kana uwandu vapenyu vanhu.

Chii zvivako zviri semunhu ODN?

Pahwaro nyaya 36, ndima 1, ari Housing Code of Russian Federation yacho obschedomovogo tsika dziri makamuri kuti havasi rutivi mufurati. Ivo:

• Manera;
• Pedhi therebetween;
• corridors;
• Technical rwendo uriri;
• Lofts;
• mudzimba pamwe ouinjiniya mabasa;
• zvimwe zvivako dzisina muridzi ne mumwe varidzi, asi vanofanira zvinodiwa evanhu hunhu, akadai padenga uye nadkrovelnye zvivako, midziyo kutsigirwa upenyu anopfuura rimwe furati, pedyo nenyika runofarira uye zvinhu yakaiswa paari.

How kuverenga ODN (general ruzivo)

ODN kukarukureta pakuti sei nhoroondo simba kuparadzwa, kupisa uye mvura, i.e. kuvapo kana kusavapo obschedomovyh counter. Kana imba mutinhimira wacho akagadzwa, Masvomhu dzinoitwa pahwaro Government Resolution № 354 yaMay 6, 2011, uye kana kwete - maererano Mutongo Hurumende № 258 yaMarch 28, 2012.

Kana counter izvi zvinowanikwa, vanofanira waitsanangura sezvo kuverengwa iri furati, uye ipapo deducted uwandu kubva uchapupu zvavo zvikamu.

Kana kuti asipo, ipapo mari dziri dzaona inobva munzvimbo nevakawanda nzvimbo uye varimi vanogara mukamuri pasi zano iri ndakagadza zvaiita sangano. Mari anoparadzirwa pamusoro Apartments, zvichienderana nzvimbo yavo kana kurarama mumisha vanhu maererano yakasimbiswa dzemunharaunda. Kazhinji muripo mudzimba pasina vanhuwo zvikamu kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura apo ndokwaanosimbiswa.

The kukarukureta fomura

Kana kaunda asiri mumba, zvinodiwa zviri dzaona pa obschedomovye akasuma nemitemo. At chirevo chete-dzataurwa pamusoro hunotendera nzira nemirau pachavo vari kwakaitwa dzekushumira kana masangano kugoverwa zviwanikwa zvakananga.

The vakawanda payakavakirwa zvinotevera: V = ODN reshiyo * S ODN. Apo V - Vhoriyamu ODN uye S - Improvement nharaunda zvinosanganisira nevakariri pfuma.

ODN mitemo ndiwo mabasa anotevera:

1. Unit mwero gasi anogara razero, kana pakaunda mumba kwete. Kana chipo obschedomovye zvinodiwa kunogona kana asina kukosha.
2. mureza kudziyisa chikwata rinowanikwa muna Gcal / m² uye akaenzana ndozvakajairwa mumwe sandarara.

Electricity ODN rinowanikwa muna kWh / m².

Unit mutemo mvura rinowanikwa mune cubes por mativi mita uye ine zvikamu zviviri:

1. Chimwe chazvo yakaenzana 0,0903 kuutio pamunhu pamwedzi chete mativi mita rimwe ODN.
2. Chimwe chikamu rinowanikwa maererano kwesayenzi nezvinhu maringe zvachose kuparadzwa, iyo ine mwero kudyiwa cubes pamunhu vaigara mufurati. Nokurasikirwa vari dzaona zvichienderana nokuwanda mapuriro mumba. The yemaitiro ndiyo zvinotevera: (0,2 + 0,07 * L) / 4,3.

Somuenzaniso, mune imwe imba gumi Nokurasikirwa vanenge makumi maviri-rimwe muzana. Chokwadi, zvakadaro zvinoenderana guru sokuti zvakajeka kunyanyisa. A anogona, zviri kuziviswa kuti akurudzire yokuvira counter. Kana kaunda yakaiswa kumba, ivo ODN kukarukureta chinosanganisira zvinotevera vhoriyamu negasi, kupisa, magetsi uye gasi.

1. Vhoriyamu Real inoda kunze Apartments (semuenzaniso, kudziyisa uye chiedza they).
2. Huwandu akapedza tsaona.
3. Nokurasikirwa mu ouinjiniya network.
4. The vachamhanyira kana vanodzishayiwa mu Apartments, uko kusina nomumwe mamita.
5. The yemaitiro iri sezvinotevera: V ODN (1) = V imba (2) - V nhoroondo (3) - V mitemo (4) - V vakasara (5). Apo: 1 - bhuku ODN; 2 - kunwa ari pakaunda kumba; 3 - Verengai counter zvose Apartments; 4 - huwandu yemirau mu Apartments, uko kusina mamita; 5 - mumwe yaanobhadhara nevamwe mabasa.

Zvinoguma bhuku ODN, izvo zvinosanganisira kuongorora zvataurwa pamusoro apa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo havazotakurwizve dzaona yoga. Asi yaipedzerwa iri.

Mienzaniso kukarukureta ODN

Ngatikurukurei mashoma chaizvo zviitiko.

Kana inotevera mumba ari chitoro, iyo zvakabatana mumba-network, izvozvo chokwadi mari vanobviswa nezvarwo. Kana ukapedza mabasa vanobhadharwa kuti nomumwe akagadzwa metres, kana pakuverenga mashoko ayo vanobatanidzwa mune yaanobhadhara uye havachafaniri kubva ODN.

Kana nokuzviparadzanisa unosimudza akumbirwa rimwe flats (somuenzaniso, kana kutsiva bhatiri), uwandu Fusion mvura inofanira kusanganisirwa somunhu akabhadhara basa pachake nhoroondo yacho mufurati. Akanga zvakare adzingwa ODN.

Kana nechepakati mvura haripi mvura inopisa, uwandu mvura inotonhorera kuti kudziyisa iri subtracted kubva ODN. mvura inotonhorera iyi inofanira kubhadharwa semvura inopisa.

Obschedomovoy kaunda kuti vakuchidzire ingashandiswa basa "kudziyisa", pakuverenga bhuku iyo kupedzerwa wemvura inopisa.

Kana pasina munhu metres, asi obschedomovoy kushandiswa, ipapo mutoo rinoshandisirwa: V ODN (1) = (V imba (2) - V vakasara (3)) * S ODN (4) / S imba (5). Apo: 1 - bhuku ODN; 2 - metered kudyiwa mumba; 3 - yaanobhadhara nevamwe mabasa; 4 - nzvimbo nevakariri pfuma; 5 - uwandu nyaya uye zvachose nzvimbo yacho.

Nokuti nyaya uchishandisa mutoo: V Ind. (1) = (V imba (2) -. V calc (3)) * S Ind. (4) / S imba (5). Pano 1 zvinoreva chitsama yacho, uye 5 - Verenga munzvimbo dzose nyaya, pamwe chete nzvimbo vakawanda chivakwa ukoshi.

By nyaya obschedomovoy vhoriyamu zvakaparadzira zvinodiwa zvichienderana akanaka kana akaipa ukoshi.

Kana zvakanaka Zvakawanikwa inzwi vakaparadzira pakati vatengi zvose, izvo zvinosanganisira Apartments, uyewo mumahofisi uye zvitoro. Payment ODN zvakaenzanirana nzvimbo nyaya.

Aine bhuku kuparadzirwa kunaka kunoitika chete pamusoro chokugara mutengi nyaya. Muchiitiko chino, mabasa ose dzaona kuenderana nhamba yevanhu kubatanidzwa nomumwe pachake nhoroondo, uye kudziyisa basa - kuenderana tsoka.

Nei yaipedzerwa kuchikosha?

The zvinoitika Huwandu abhadhare ODN zvakaenzana gumi muzana zvachose muripo ukoshi kuti risiti. Kana yakawanda muchikwata ichi kukasapfuura matatu muzana, pane chikonzero chokunetseka. Chokutanga, unofanira kuongorora Vhuṱanzi, nokupwanya muripo rose Yakabudiswa: sei mari yakawanda iri kupedzerwa basa elevators, chiedza, pombi uye zvichingodaro. Pachishandiswa zvawanikwa izvi zvakakodzera kufunga simba Kushanda, uye zvimwe zvinoverengeka zviyero zvainanga simba kuchengetedza. Panyaya iyi, basa akakwezva vanachiremba yakakodzera wezwi, uye avo, akavapindurawo, reverero uye kushandisa anodiwa rwokugadzira uye michina.

Zvikurukuru kana Magetsi zvinowanzoitwa zvikamu ODN vakawana guru kwazvo, varimi vanofanira kugoverana kuziva chikonzero.

Rinokosha rakawandisa pamusoro obschedomovye zvinodiwa kazhinji kutaura kuti yemagetsi waya havasi yakanakisisa ezvinhu. Saka, pakaunda unocherekedza zhinji kilowatt-kwemaawa. Nomutoro kuuya zvemagetsi simba ane sangano kuti caters akakodzera network. Kana sangano haaiti, ipapo basa ichi anovata varimi eimba.

Uyezve, nokuda zvisiri pamutemo kushandisa nechiidzo inonzi "magetsi ODN" anogona kunowedzerawo. Somuenzaniso, kana vanogara imwe furati rakanga akochonorwa kubva magetsi nekuda nonpayment, asi vari zvisiri pamutemo chokuita pomumbure, unofanira pakarepo kutaura kwako basa Provider kwavo kuwana chivako iri shoma sezvo kudyiwa simba anoenda kuburikidza obschedomovyh zvinodiwa. Kare tema ODN uyewo chouviri pamberi vomumuzinda counter. Kana kuti asipo, vangadai vasina kubhadhara magetsi maererano nemitemo ano, uyewo chikamu simba kubva kumagumo zvinodiwa yose imba. Sezvingatarisirwa, mirayiro akaratidza chete anofungidzirwa ukoshi. Pari, sezvakatenderanwa Federal Law №261 «On Energy Saving», dzose dzokugara wacho mamita iiswe. Nokudaro, dambudziko racho ragadziriswa.

Neuchapupu ODN kunogonawo kukanganisa nenguva kuchinjwa counter musangano, kuti muvashumire.

How yokuderedza uwandu mhosva pamusoro ARF?

Kana mari iri obschedomovye kumboitika zvakare guru, anotevera matanho anofanira kutorwa kakawanda.

Electricity:

• kuzoongorora kuti kunze komutemo kubatana kwakaita magetsi varimi;
• kutsiva zvemagetsi wiring - anogona zvakanyanyisa kumbopfeka mudzimba okuberekwa, uyewo kuva nokuparara uye yakawanda dzinokanganisa, uye izvi zvinoita kuti kurwisa wegadziriro uye kuguma kurasikirwa zvemagetsi simba (kwaizvozvi, varidzi eimba anekodzero kushandisa kuti Criminal Code, sangano yaiitisa ane simba odhita nokuti aifanira kutsiviwa wiring);
• gadza LEDs panzvimbo incandescent Mabumba.

Panyaya mvura:

• gadza nomumwe mamita mari rinodyiwa, kwete maererano nemitemo;
• zvinopa nenguva mita kuverengwa.

Panyaya kudziyisa - kuvapo nevakariri zvikamu vanofanira kuchengeta kwemajoini chisimbiso Inter-panel, kutsiva mahwindo akwegura uye kuputira kuti abate pombi mudzimba.

With mudziye kupisa kurasikirwa zvakanaka uchava usingashandi. mahwindo zhinji svinudzai munguva yechando uye kusunungura nekupisa. Asi zvinokurudzirwa hwokugadza kudzora vharafu pamusoro radiators iri nemafurati. Izvi kunowanzoitwa pamberi ratanga kutonhora mwaka, saka hapana chikonzero ubvise mvura kubva unosimudza.

Kuwedzera pamusoro apa parameters, vachibhadharisa pakuchinja ODN anogona kuvimba:

• rakavimbika mashoko nzvimbo vakawanda chivakwa pfuma;
• nhamba chaiyo vanhu vapenyu.

Saka, kana munhu vakanyorwa nemagetsi uye mvura mitemo siya shoma zvikuru pane kana vomumuzinda shanu. Naizvozvo, kana mekamuri inogarwa nevanhu kuti akatevedzana mazuva anopfuura mashanu, mirayiro vanofanira kubhadharwa maererano chaiko nhamba yevanhu yokurarama. vanogara muridzi vanosungirwa kuzivisa Criminal Code.

Kana mari mashoko kana IPU kanganisika

Kana kukundikana nomumwe dzakabatana kana zvakafanana munzvimbo, uyewo kukundikana kupa uchapupu nomuridzi, vachibhadharisa pakuchinja chichange kuverenga kubva pamusi apo huchashandiswa vakava vainyeperwa, kana kubvira pakutanga Billing nguva, kana musi hazvibviri kuverenga.

Dzemaitirwe avhareji kudyiwa ane ruzivo, iro rinowanikwa kubva okupedzisira gumi mwedzi, uye kuti kudziyisa - kubva kudziyisa nguva. In mashandiro, mari chitaurwa, kana IMPs isingasviki gore, inocherechedzwa nhoroondo nguva chaiko vakashanda, asi kwete mwedzi mitatu.

Kana hazvibviri kuverengwa pamwe ICS kwemwedzi mitatu, uye mubereko kana kurasikirwa - maviri, nokuchengeta vachava mashoko pamusoro achangobuda dzemunharaunda.

vachiongorora mano

GTC uye IMPs zvinofanira kuongororwa kanenge kamwe pagore, uye kana vari rokushandisa kwakavakirwa, ipapo hapana kupfuura kamwe ose mitatu.

Muchiitiko chino, homeowners zvose zvinofanira nezvokudzokera chawakaronga rokuongorora kubudikidza kunyorwa cherechedzai, yavanofanira wemasaini uye kutumira shoko pamwe musi chaiwo. Mushure chiziviso muridzi wayo anofanira, mukati mazuva manomwe kushuma bvunzo misi kuti vari yakamunakira.

Vachiri mimwe mibvunzo pamusoro ARF

Kubva pakati 2012. The nevakawanda nzvimbo (mos) haina kutorwa paunoronga pakuverenga risiti.

Pasinei munhu rinonyoreswa zviri mufurati kana kwete, kuti ARF achaparadzwa dzaona uye kuparadzirwa maererano kukura mufurati. Saka, chero nhamba mushonga kana chaiko nhamba yevanhu yokurarama vasakanganise chakarurama ichi.

Pasina muridzi womutambo mari obschedomovye inoda richiri kuripira zvavo muitiro.

mhedziso

Kubva nyaya takadzidza pamusoro ODN: chii, chii pfungwa dziri kucherechedzwa iri Masvomhu uye sei vari rakatangwa. Under ano mitemo zvinooneka urema uye pakakoromorwa, zvakadai sezviya zvine chokuita nevakawanda zvikamu (yakazvimirira kusarudza pamusoro kugadzwa kana muripo maererano nemitemo). Mune dzimwe dzimba, apo kudzorwa rinoitwa zvakarongeka, hapana matambudziko, asi pano, somuenzaniso, muna Nham kuonekwe ave siyana kushungurudzwa uye kungoti hunoshamisa nenyaya, zvokuti zvakananga inobata varimi.