Organic fetiraiza: mhando dzavo unhu. Kushandiswa Organic fetiraiza

Sei munyika iri kukura zvokurima, chete vanhu vane makemikari fetiraiza zvinoshandiswa kugadzira goho rakanaka. Types vavo unhu zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo patinenge kushandisa, sezvo mumwe nomumwe wavo ane pachake zvachiri. Vamwe vanhu vanofanira kuita ivhu iri kuwa, mumwe panguva pakudyara, uye vamwe yose Mwaka wokukura. Kukosha organics yacho kwaibatsira pamusoro ezvinhu zvinomera, muvhu kuvandudza, mukanyanyisa goho uye pasi mutengo, nokuti unogona kubika murimi ose dzake dzakavanzika papurazi.

Organic fetiraiza: chii

Vanhu vazhinji pakarepo vanoti, vanoti, ndiye mupfudze uye mufudze. Mhinduro yakarurama, asi kukwana, nokuti Organic fetiraiza muri tsvina yevanhu uye mhuka, uyewo zveupfumi uye kunyange nemaindasitiri, izvo zvinodiwa kukura chirimwa zvinhu nenzira Organic yeimwe. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

- mupfudze;

- shiri nhoko;

- mutsvina yadzo;

- yl;

- tsvina huni kubudiswa miti (sawdust, nemakwati, uye zvakafanana);

- peat;

- chirimwa mitema mupfudze;

- mufudze;

- dota;

- pfupa kudya;

- manyowa;

- kunzwisisa Organic nyaya.

makemikari anoumba

Sezvinoonekwa kubva pamusoro apa list, pane zvakasiyana-siyana Organic fetiraiza. Types uye unhu kunyanya kuvimba kunobva, uye kuwedzera, kubudikidza nedanho mupfudze kugadzirwa. Chero wavo ane:

- senitrogen;

- potassium;

- phosphorus;

- karusiyamu;

- chaiwo Organic fuma (a chinhu chinokosha chaizvo anovandudza ivhu mamiriro).

Organic fetiraiza riri shoma dzinosanganisira:

- mvura;

- magnesium;

- sulfurous asidhi;

- silicic asidhi;

- oxides pane dzimwe simbi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvine maatomu akafanana.

Ngationgororei muudzame, chii uye sei zvakawanda zviri mune rimwe nerimwe mhando makemikari fetiraiza.

mufudze

Ichi chinhu chinokosha chaizvo fetiraiza haasi mumwe kunze faeces ose zvipfuwo, kunze katsi nembwa. Zvichienderana mhando mhuka kugamuchira akasiyana sezvamunoita Organic fetiraiza. Types vavo unhu kuvimba padariro hari kwacho, izvo zvinotevera:

- fresh mupfudze (chete yakaitwa kuwa mushure ivhu vakarima zvakananga);

- polupereprevshy (mashanga mairi inova rima, nyore rakakamurwa zvidimbu);

- yaora (dzakafanana guru kwasviba);

- manyowa.

The kumusoro mupfudze yokubikira pachikuva, ndipo pariri anorasikirwa vakawanda kwayo, uye zviri nani anoora makemikari nyaya uye anovandudza.

No zvisinganyanyi kukosha, mune dzimwe nemarara uchigadzirira mupfudze ichi.

Makemikari anoumba yakachena mupfudze (%) pamusoro uswa / peat

mhuka	phosphorus	karusiyamu	potassium	senitrogen	magnesium	Org.veschestvo	mvura
nembira	0.28 / 0.25	0.21 / 0.44	0.63 / 0.53	0.58 / 0,8	0.14 / 0	24.5 / 0	71.3 / 67
mhou	0.23 / 0.22	0,4 / 2,4	0.5 / asingasviki 0.48	0.45 / 0,6	0,11 / -	20.3 / 0	77.3 / 77.5
nguruve	0.19	0,18	0,6	0,65	anenge 0,04	25	72,4
Mbudzi namakwai	0.23	0.33	0,67	0,83	0,18	31.8	46,6

Sezvinoonekwa patafura, munzvimbo yenguruve mupfudze kwazvo shoma karusiyamu saka kwesuko inowedzerwa kwazviri.

Zviri fetiraiza akanaka uye mupfudze kubva tsuro. Asi kubva Nutria zvinogona kushandiswa chete yaora mupfudze kana kuwedzera kuti mufudze.

chengetedzo Nzira

Mupfudze mhuka dzakasiyana - ndiko, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, siyana Organic fetiraiza. Types vavo unhu zvakananga pakuti sei akachengetwa. Nzira angava sezvinotevera:

1. Loose chiputiriso. Kubva yakachena mupfudze inoungana kuti kusvika 3 M pahupamhi uye 2 mamita kureba, hazvirevi kufukidza. Ane nzira yakadaro ukapisa murwi (T = +70 ° C) kugadzirira kwacho kunotora inenge 4-5 mwedzi kuti hwakaraswa kusvika chimwe muzvitatu vakawanda yepakutanga.

2. batana chiputiriso. Of kutsva mupfudze kuita zvakafanana wemagazini sezvinoitwa nzenza chiputiriso, asi mupfudze apo zvakasimba tamped akafukidza ane airtight firimu. In muzvikochikari dzakadaro tembiricha rukasafashukira pamusoro +35 ° C, kunyange muzhizha. Kuwedzera muna nzira kunotora inenge 7 months, uye pakutanga kurema akarasika kuti 1/10 chikamu. Gobvu kuisira - nzira inonyanya zvakakodzera chekuchengeta zvekudya.

3. Loose chiputiriso pamwe chisimbiso. Of kutsva mupfudze kuti pfupi anongoremberera wemagazini anosvika 3 m. Pazuva rechishanu wegondohwe, uye musoro wemagazini mutsva rukoko unzenza. Izvi inodzokororwa kusvikira nemurwi kunosvika mamita maviri, pashure pacho akafuka foil. Zvakakwana yaora mupfudze saizvozvo kuumbwa muna 5 months.

How kushandisa

Kushandiswa makemikari fetiraiza, akadai mupfudze, ane mazano ayo zvishoma. Saka, nokuti ushamwari mibhedha yakanaka bhiza mupfudze, nekuti paiva nemvura shoma. It akavigwa unokosha mugoronga kudhonza kubva mukomberedzo pakati mibhedha, uye pashure kudikanwa payo anonyangarika, kukanda musango. On chiedza nevhu unyatsoshandisa mupfudze kubva mhou, uye rinorema - kubva makwai, mbudzi uye mabhiza. Nokuti chitubu kwematsutso vakarima muvhu kana yakanaka polupereprevshy uye manyowa chinoitwa muchirimo. Kana mupfudze muduku, Zvakakunakirai kuti kwete yose site, asi chete mumatsime. Kana kudyara miti inobatsira chaizvo dzose gomba kuti kusvika 10 makirogiramu kuti manyowa.

Kunokosha! Kwete haungatori manyoro mupfudze pasi chero tsika. It allocates amoniya, inova nezvakwakaipira kuti chirimwa. Common mitemo kushanda fetiraiza hakuwaniki, sezvo ivo vakasiyana kuti tsika neimwe uye vari zvakananga novimba unhu ivhu.

Muzvitoro unogona kuwana mupfudze mushoma. Zviri rakanakisisa fetiraiza zvakare, asi chete kuti zvinomera. Kuti uvandudze ezvinhu ivhu, hakubatsiri.

Liquid Organic fetiraiza, avo mhando uye unhu

Pane zvakasiyana-siyana fetiraiza, unogona kuita pachako, pasina kushandisa mari. Avo vane mukana, vanoshandisa mupfudze. Inogona kushandiswa hwakasimba chimiro, asi unogona kumuita mvura makemikari fetiraiza - mullein uye dambwadambwa. Last vakazvigadzirirwa kudira mvura chetsoka pamusoro mhou. Kurishandisa zvachose chero kuberekesa zvinomera, kunyange maruva. Muchiitiko ichi kutora mugomo wemvura 1 fő mullein. hazvina zvakakodzera kugadzirira slurry. Zviri chikamu emura mupfudze. Nokuti mvura fetiraiza vari mishonga infusions, uye kunyange weti kwevanhu, asi zvakawanda pamusoro pazasi.

Makemikari anoumba slurry (%)

slurry	senitrogen	dota	phosphorus	potassium	organics	mvura
zvikamu 100	0,15	1,07	0.01	0.49	0,7	98,2

Sezvinoonekwa patafura, pakuti anenge asina phosphorus fertilization, saka vakawedzera slurry superphosphate (anenge 15 g pa fő).

nemarara

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti yakanakisisa makemikari fetiraiza zvinobva mupfudze wenyika twenjiva uye huku. Zvishoma kupfuura unhu tsvina zvibereko shiri uye duck.

Store huku mupfudze zvakakodzera mune namahwindo mugaba kana punching pamwe peat, uswa, sawdust, sezvo nokukurumidza kwazvo anorasikirwa ayo chikamu senitrogen. Bird rinoshandiswa kuti kuberekesa miriwo, miti, miti yemichero uye zvishongo nemiti nemaruva. In yakaisvonaka chimiro hazvina kupa, sezvo zadza nemvura (1 chikamu oragniki mugomo wemvura) uye kusimbirira kuti 3 days. Ipapo zvakare rakasanganiswa nemvura, achitora 1 chikamu volumetric aizomupa uye 10 - mvura.

dzevanhu mutsvina yadzo

Vamwe vachengeti havambozivi chii zvekumwe zvipenyu zviri Organic fetiraiza. Mumwe wavo - nemi mutsvina yadzo edu. Kare, izvi vasiri tsvina nourume zvose, kunyange vakaenda pasero. Zvino ichi mhando fetiraiza hakusi nevakawanda, kunyange zviri anenge yakanakisisa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti fecal nyaya inonzi kwete chete macalorie asiwo weti, riri akakodzera ave fetiraiza. The chete nuance - kubva runopwa anenge pakarepo senitrogen, saka biomaterial hwobva pedyo pashure kuita ivhu.

Makemikari anoumba mutsvina yadzo (%)

chikamu	senitrogen	dota	phosphorus	potassium	Org. fuma	mvura
mutsvina yadzo	1.6	3.4	1.23	0.55	19.4	77,2
weti	1	1	0,15	0,18	4.2	94,8
masanganiswa	1.1	kwete kupfuura 1,3	0.23	0.22	5.7	93

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva patafura, chitsiko akakwana anatsiridze ivhu unhu.

Chokwadi, varimi vazhinji vari averse kuti kunyange kufunga kushandisa mutsvina yevanhu zvipararire sezvo fetiraiza. Avo vari ichi zvikuru akavimbika, zvakakosha kuziva chii vari nzira yokugadzirira organics dzakadaro. Kubvisa risingafadzi kunhuwa, "mbishi zvinhu" vanofanira kuchinja pamwe peat kana, muzviitiko, pasi papepa. Zvinogonekawo kuti kuronga kubva mashizha uye chirimwa residues mufudze murwi ari akaturikidzana kuisa mutsvina yadzo mavari. Pereprevat vane zvinenge 3 years.

Weti waishandiswa senzira mupfudze zvakananga. For miti hakugoni rakasanganiswa. Nokuti mamwe zvirimwa zviri chinodiwa kuti sanganisa nemvura ari nhamba dzinenge 1: 4. Zvinobatsirawo kudira weti mufudze pemirwi.

peat

On wokuti: "Zvakadini fetiraiza mhando - Organic" Vazhinji vachati, "Peat". Vakawanda kuzoona kuti kushingaira kutengesa zvose ruva zvitoro, izvozvo muitiro kushandisa Chikwata zhinji uye horticulturists. Zvisinei, peat hakusi chaizvo zvinokosha kuti miti isa fotereza vose zvachero. Uyezve, tinofanira kuona kuti pane mhando akasiyana peat kuti rakasiyana yekudyidzana zvinooneka.

Chemical sezvamunoita (%)

peat mhando	potassium	karusiyamu	dota	senitrogen	phosphorus
neyamapani	0.1 Kuti 0.25	vanopfuura 6	8 kusvika 15	1.8 kuti 3.3	0.1 kuti 0,6
pakufamba	0.1	asingasviki 0.5	asingasviki 5	0.2 do1,6	0,12
kuchinja	0.1	0.5 kuti 2.5	0.5 w0, 8	1.2 kuti 1.8	0.1

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva patafura, peat, kunyanya neyamapani, zvinokurudzirwa kuzoshandisa acidic nevhu. Shandisa mhando dzose peat chete vanofanira kuvandudza nevhu, mutemo mwando, uyewo nokusika yepamusoro mufudze uye pevhu chero chirimwa, asi kwete nokuda fetiraiza.

sapropel

Dzimwe mhando Organic fetiraiza vakajaira kwatiri Spa nzira mu spas. makungwa kwakadaro yl, madziva, reservoirs chero vakamira mvura, inonzi sapropel. Kunyanya yakawanda rinoshandiswa muna Rostov nharaunda nokuda yakakura reserves muna Lake Nero. Sapropel ndiro romuriwo uye mhuka zvasara, inochengetwa reservoirs kwemakumi emakore. Panguva iyi zvinonzi zvishoma nezvishoma yaora, achiva chinokosha makemikari fetiraiza, umo vakawanda phosphorus, potassium, calcium, uye senitrogen muna 4-peta dzakakwirira kupfuura mupfudze. Use sapropel inogona kuchinja kana akawedzera kuti mufudze. Vasati kupinda imwe pasi zvakakodzera fefetedza, nefoshoro promorozit kuti rabuda maari ose zvisingakoshi miriwo zvinhu.

Sawdust, kuhukura, mapfupa kudya

Kune zvakachipa uye anobatsira chaizvo kuti kunatsiridza ivhu makemikari fetiraiza. mhando dzavo uye unhu ndeinotevera:

1. Sawdust. Vari zvakanaka usunungure ivhu, kuvandudza ayo mvura-wakabata kugona uye mhepo permeability, asi tibatsirwe senitrogen nawo. sawdust zvakakwana yakakwirira acidity (ph pamusoro 3-4), saka vasati achivaita kuti hwakakanyiwa slaked madota uye chicherwa yakaoma kana senitrogen chete fetiraiza. Unogonawo inyorovese mhuka weti kana zvokunwa fetiraiza. Zviri nani kushandisa yaora sawdust kana kuwedzera kuti mufudze romupfudze.

2. Drevessnaya kuhukura. Izvi tsvina matanda indasitiri akashandisa kusika mufudze. Nokuti kuhukura itsva iri pasi, akaisa mugomba, wedzera kunzwisisa chicherwa fetiraiza, moisturize. Fetiraiza akagadzirira pashure inenge hafu gore, umo gomba anofanira kuva nenguva kuhukura nefoshoro kuti moisturize uye zviri mariri.

3. Bone Kwemanheru. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa akazoita acidity ivhu uye rakanakira wetlands. Pfupa kudya ane ose okunze zvakakodzera kuti kukura uye fruiting zvinomera. The chete caveat - kurishandisa chete vanoda yakaderera-mafuta (vaporized uye akaoma).

Green mufudze

Kushandiswa makemikari fetiraiza dzingasiyana yekudyidzana kubva panzira pamusoro apa. Tiri kutaura zvakasvibirira mupfudze - Plants yakawira munda usati yekudyara huru chirimwa kana pashure pakukohwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira sunflower, netsanga, lupine, apila, bhinzi, oats, vetch, radish nezvimwe malichnaya ichiibvira tsika iyo kupa yakawanda munyoro guru. Kushandiswa zvakasvibirira mupfudze zvirimwa sezvo zvakanyanya sezvo zvichiita pamusoro jecha uye murombo ari manyowa nevhu, asi unogona kuitwa chero ivhu. On zviri anobatsira zvinhu mitema mupfudze anenge kufanana kune mupfudze. Somuenzaniso, ari lupine yokudengenyeka 1 mamita ² rinopa munyoro kurema vanenge 4 makirogiramu. Inosanganisira avhareji 18 g senitrogen, 4.8 g phosphorus, 6.8 g potassium, 19 g calcium, 4.8 magiramu ose magnesium. mutema-mupfudze zano fetiraiza zvemichina iri sezvinotevera: pashure kucheka huru chirimwa iri musango yakadyarwa mbeu nembesa vakasarudzwa (vamwe munogona chete kusasa musango, mumwe kunodiwa kunyika iri grooves), akamwisa sezvo zvakafanira, uye kumirira nhungirwa, cheka. Green guru rinogona vakarima muvhu, kuiswa mufudze mumakomba, achipa zvokudya. Vamwe mutema mupfudze (yemasitadha, mafuta radish) kunze fetiraiza, batsira kuparadza utachiona mairi, akadai mudzi kuora, nematodes, uye nezvimwe kukanganiswawo.

yorukato

Kana uchida isa fotereza chiduku ruva mubhedha, unogona kuita kwazvo mupfudze yorukato. cheka Its, kuiswa mudziyo ugodira mvura. Kugadzirira yorukato fetiraiza mazuva 3-5, umo zviri mudziyo anofanira yakavhenganiswa. To akanyangarika kusingafadzi kwakanaka, kunogona kuwedzera rhizome pamusoro valerian, uye kuti basa racho rikurumidze, wedzera chingwa, mbiriso, mona. The rakapedzwa fetiraiza kunodiwa kugozha uye kushandiswa nokuwedzera 1 chikamu chacho volumetric ndeiya yakaita zvikamu 10 mvura.

Complex Organic fetiraiza

Uyu ndomumwe chakanakisisa, kupfuura mwero mhando fetiraiza, zvakakodzera kupa zvinomera, uye kuvandudza ivhu unhu. Nokuti avo kushandiswa maindasitiri kugadzirwa nzira biofermentation kuitika kuti oxidation kuti makemikari zvinhu pamwe mabhomba okisijeni. Izvi anosunungura chimiro ichi kwemakemikari simba, iyo zvikuru kubatsira nokuti akakodzera zvinomera, tupukanana tusingaoneki. Kubereka kunzwisisa Organic fetiraiza kubva mupfudze, sawdust, mupfudze, peat uye zviwanikwa zvigadzirwa zvakafanana. dzakakurumbira chaizvo zvinodhaka "ZHTSKKU" "svisvidza", "KOUD", "Gumi-Chikuhoku" "Biohumus". Zvikurukuru, vose kuramba uye nyore chaizvo kushandisa.