Painter Edvard Munch: anoshanda, Biography

The yokudhirowa, ane basa munyika West, kupfeka ndima pamwe Gauguin uye Cézanne, kwete chaizvo kuzivikanwa zviri Russia. Genius, vaiona musiki kwenguva itsva uye uyo akanyora chakasuruvara mufananidzo rufu, nedambudziko huta kuzorwara kubva iyo aiitirwa.

In hwake, akataura kuti zuva richauya apo pamberi pamatende ake huchabvisa heti zvose, sokunge muchechi, asi kuruzhinji kuzivikanwa akanga achiri kure kure. "Pasina Mifananidzo yangu I - hapana," - kamwe akareurura Edvard Munch, vane mabasa zvino vanozivikanwa zvikuru kupfuura munyori pachake.

Kuti tinzwisise yepakutanga art the artist, zvinokosha kuziva sei uye chii akararama, asika ounyanzvi, "zvakanyorwa neropa mwoyo wake."

kufirwa

Muna 1863 kuNorway nzvimbo yechizvarirwo womufananidzo, ane basa uchanzi chinhu kupenda zvachose itsva, ridzai hwakasimbiswa tsika mukudzidza. Edvard Munch, ane Biography izere zvinosuwisa kuti pwere pamabasa ake, zvakasimba midzi munhau soMusiki, ane basa rinoita mhirizhonga kurwadza pamusoro Fafitera.

Edward akayeuka ake uduku sezvo isina kujeka uye azere vaaida. Kuva akarasika mai vake uye hanzvadzi yake anodiwa uyo akafa tibhii, uye mukomana wacho zvinosuruvarisa akatora rwendo rwake muupenyu. It inozivikanwa kuyeuka kuti Danho: "To mbereko kwangu vakadirana dema ngirozi noupengo, kurwara, rufu, uye Akaperekedzwa hwose."

Mufananidzo rugare rwomumwoyo

Pashure chikoro Munch kudzidza kuva injiniya, asi pane imwe nguva vanoziva kuti zviroto chete kuti pendi. Panotova musi chaiwo - November 8, 1888, zvakanga zvino pachako dhayari achinyora kutya yokutambura akazviratidza pamberi kuyaruka upenyu akasarudza kuva emhizha.

"Ini kazhinji muka ari ziya kuchitonhora uye akatarisa mumba yake nechokwadi muhero I" - akareurura kumagumo oupenyu Edvard Munch. Mufananidzo wechiduku painter akapfuura zvakaitika: haana kufanana "akanaka" mufananidzo, kufunga kuti hazvina kuonekwa kuti rokunze goko romunhu.

Inoratidza vanhu, akaita Unobudisa munyika yavo yomukati: "More haisi imwe Artist ikoko, nepavaigona dingindira rako rokupedzisira donhwe, wakafanana neni."

Chakasuruvara vavariro nemabasa

A nhevedzano dzakaipisisa withdrawals yakaramba - Munch akarasikirwa baba vake, munin'ina, hanzvadzi, akafa kiriniki nokuda pfungwa kurwara. Izvi zvinoratidzwa basa rokupenda - vakashatirwa motifs kusurukirwa uye rufu kuwedzera yakatokura simba. Vatsoropodzi akataura kuti munyori akanga kunoshamisa nemano nemaziso kuratidza moods ako uye manzwiro.

Mushure Nokurasikirwa Munch vaiona chikuru chikonzero dzose njodzi Mwari. He renounces chitendero, kutsvaka pachavo gadziriro itsva tsika. Kufunga nyika chinhu, yokudhirowa inotaura chinangwa choupenyu hwevanhu uye anotivimbisa kuti chete kuburikidza uri anogona kuzadzisa kusafa.

Pandaidzidza panguva uri kuchikoro, Edvard Munch, ane mifananidzo zvakaoma anotaurwa chete nhungamiro, vachizvipira kupiwa muripo. Haana kuda basa rake chete vashongedze masvingo edzimba kana mamiziyamu. "Mifananidzo My - ndizvo ndaratidzwa pachangu, dhayari yangu. Vakapa upenyu hwangu "rinoreva - vaiita yapedyo zvikuru rokupenda.

Kuvhara of pashoo

Travel nyika yakava vakajairana shasha dzakasiyana nhungamiro uye zvitaera mu art. Iye akaratidza mabasa ake namaberere, asi vakaita zvakawanda pachena kuchema, uye kuratidza yakavharwa. Masters of chikoro chekare kuti kupenda kwainzi vatorwa mifananidzo yokudadira kuti Fafitera, uye Munch pachake anonzi anarchist. Pashure kuziviswa pashoo "yakanyangara" nokuvhara mabasa ngakuzivikanwe uye mberi vechidiki vanotanga kuyemura scandalous mifananidzo.

upenyu kugadzikana pachako

Wajaira kusurukirwa jaya kutiza ukama nevakadzi, anovapa chinouraya muchinangwa zvichaitirwa varume vose. The akanaka pabonde pakunyanya kuda ane chido unyanzvi wokumwe jaya uchipfuta maziso, asi Munch aidavira kuti manzwiro akasimba kunetesa vaise yayo pakusika.

Anozivikanwa Artist vaneshungu aidanana mwanasikana anokudzwa dzomutengesi, hwakaguma zvinosuruvarisa kuti vose: musikana nyanyisa akazova mutoro nokuda jaya vakaedza muchetura ndikamununura, ndaziva kubva Edward pamusoro kuparadzana, uye pashure sezvariri kudzosa kuvakafa, iye akapfura ari ruoko kusvika rokupenda.

Huta breakdowns uye nokurapa chirwere

Akatsungirira akavhiyiwa anoverengeka uye yakarasikirwa munwe, Munch akanga kunetseka kwake ramangwana hwokudhirowa. In nyararisa Artist zvino anotanga nyaya chaiyo yokutambudzwa zvokudarikidza. tsinga ake akapfuura kazhinji, uye yokudhirowa akaputsa pamusoro anongoitika vanhu. Aigona kunyange vakarova vaya, vari zvaanofunga, unflattering mashoko pamusoro pake. Kakawanda Kurwisa vakanga vaine hasha zviito mutobvu Munch muchipatara chepfungwa, paakange kubatwa electroshock.

The Artist aiziva kuti akanga asiri oga vakurire udhakwa uye kuora mwoyo, uye akadana nyanzvi rubatsiro. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti hosha haina kumusiya uye pashure kurapwa kwenguva refu. Asi Edward vakarikunda, achifunga kuti basa rake riri zvakabatana chaizvo hwepfungwa breakdowns.

The chisingatarisirwi kukurumbira

Pashure ndichibvunza kurapa Munch kubudiswa. "Hakuna zvakadaro nyore kubuda. All mibvunzo haigoni akapindura sezvo uchida. Unofanira zvokufungidzira zvaunotarisira kubva vanachiremba, kana kugara ikoko nokusingaperi, "- vabatanidzwa ndangariro Edvard Munch. Mabasa kupenya Artist nguva yaaipedza ari muchipatara, ava dzakakurumbira.

Masters, uyo akava nomukurumbira kurara, vachiwana inopa namaberere zvenyika, uye oga vateresi. Asi "rima Norwegian" sezvazvakanyorwa dzimwe nguva inonzi vomunguva, akanga asina kukurumidza kuparadzana nemwana wavo. Aisagona kuita pasina kuona mifananidzo yake.

Portraits sezvo kutapurirana mweya womunhu

Artist Edvard Munch akavhomora pfungwa zvose mukati make, achiedza kubatsira okugadzira zvinhu ake vamwe kunzwisisa kuoma kwakaita upenyu uye kutsanangura chinangwa chawo. Pashure 1900, anosika dzakaunganidzwa Portraits, kuva huru Genre pabasa rake. Ndivo risingakanganwiki mabasa umo akatunhidzwa hungiso kwomweya womunhu vakanga kuongororwa. The Artist haana kunyora arayire Portraits avo vaiziva zvishoma, uye kushandisa chete kwokunze zvakafanana hazvina kugutsikana.

Okugadzira zvinhu okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Asi pave paya nguva vatsoropodzi vakawanda yatenzi vakaona zvikuru kubudirira. Edvard Munch, vane mabasa vakazadzwa pfungwa yakadzika kwouzivi asi akawana simba mashoko ounyanzvi, akashanda zvakaoma mumisangano yake. ndeake zvachinja zvakaipisisa, uye mifananidzo kupendwa mafungu sitiroko, mwoyo Fans dzavo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti munyori airwara nechirwere ziso, nokuda raakanga vakazorega zvachose kushanda.

Munch akafa kumavambo 1944, pedyo Oslo, panguva neGermany. Haana kusiya pashure pokufa vadzidzi, nokuda kwebasa rake rinomusiyanisa nevamwe wo oga uye kuzviitira.

"Girl Sick": vachimuoneka hanzvadzi yake mudiwa

"Zvose zvandakaita nemabasa, anosungirwa kuberekwa firimu iri" - kamwe akabvuma Munch. "Girl Sick" - makare mabasa ake, yokudhirowa akaita mukurumbira. Maronda yakadzika afa hama iri uduku akasiya zvisingafi mucherechedzo pamusoro mweya kuororwa mukomana. Iye anoratidzwa kufa tibhii hanzvadzi, uye vavariro kurwara uye rufu kazhinji vakayambuka basa rake.

Kwemakore makumi mana, Munch haana kurega kufirwa hanzvadzi yake anodiwa, uye zvaakasika shanduro mashanu uyu mufananidzo, pasi zvikuru kutsoropodzwa kubva kuruzhinji. Unoratidza musikana ari basa rake kutandadza, uye anoona chinokosha kuchinja womufananidzo wacho basa, akatungamirira scandalous maitiro voruzhinji zvakadaro nehasha nzira kunyora uye kuratidzwa manzwiro kupfuura wakarambidzwa - kutambura, marwadzo uye mwoyo yevanhu.

Kutambudzwa vatsoropodzi uye voruzhinji kusanzwisisa

Kuramba kuteerera nokupomera mwoyo uye formlessness akapa vateereri mabasa nyararisa Edvard Munch. Pictures nemazita kuti tara yakadzika nenhamo uye kuramba kwokurwadziwa munyori, havana kugamuchirwa veruzhinji, kwete kuda rakapedzwa rejira, muri kure chaizvoizvo unyanzvi. Vatsoropodzi akaita chakagumbura yokudhirowa kurwiswa uye akamutumidza zvisikwa akakundikana zvakajeka.

A matarenda painter akamanikidzwa kurwira rusununguko muna okugadzira zvinhu, zuva kungori nemaune kushora uye kusekwa kuburikidza nokutambura vana, kuparadzira evanhu, pane ayo chitarisiko. Munch akasika zvakananga kwete ndokudzora tichienzanisa canons ounyanzvi vanodhirowa, chaizvoizvo neromuromo vakararama upenyu kwechokwadi.

Asinganzwisisiki kupenda "The mhere"

The kupfuura kucherechedzwa inogadzirwa shasha ari tenzi - achitumira chaiko kwevanhu chinokatyamadza kupenda "The mhere". Munch, uyo akatambura kutya yakazaruka dzezvimwe, anoratidzwa chikuru hunhu, uyo anonzwa chinhu hasha. Uye incredible kutya yakabata iye chete, uye vaviri nenhamba shure runyararo yaiti, pasina kunzwa munhu anotyisa kuchema.

Vanotsvakurudza of Norwegian painter kurerekera kufunga kuti padandemutande zvakanyorwa pasi pokudzora akasimbisa pfungwa chirwere Munch. Sexless chisikwa, akazarura muromo wake musoro mumaoko ake, kwete kunzwa anotyisa kuchema angadai rakafuridzirwa nenzira iyo Amai, izvo akaona Norwegian kuratidza.

Naked tsinga Munch

Kuti chinomiririra wokumwe uye kwakakwidibira basa "mhere"? Munch vaidavira kuti munhu ari kutamburira pamwe zvisikwa chichatadza kubudirira. The mufananidzo kuitwa kunyimwa unodzivirira mumuhara, uye mumwe zvimwewo mauto anomuita anzwe incredible kushushikana. Mutambi mukuru - ndiye musiki, uye vasina kupfeka tsinga yake anopindura ose ikabatwa. Munch kudzivirirwa kubva dzinongoitika kuchema, uye nhamba vakaratidza gamba iri kwomuzvarirwo akatya murume, achitiza kubva chaiye kana akaziva njodzi.

va nembiri yakaipa

Pakutanga richiswedera rinonzi "Kuchema zvakasikwa." Ndizvozvo, achidedera nomufaro, akanzwa munyori muna 1892 muna Nice. Zvichida hazvishamisi kuti yakadaro kwakakwidibira mufananidzo chokuita usingaonekwi kutuka munhu anouya kwaari kuzotaura. Vashandi uchatamisa mufananidzo, pachavo kuuraya nokuda kwazvo nomusoro, uye nehope tsaona yakaipisisa. Neminwe kanivhasi kuziva muenzi akapisa rufu mumba make.

A mufananidzo munokosha kupfuura $ mamiriyoni 70 Aigara akapambwa, asi iye aigara akadzoka Munch Museum muOslo. Eerie chadenga anosikwa pamusoro kanivhasi, kunokanganisa psyche pamusoro Fafitera, uye chokwadi izvi nesayenzi yasimbiswa.

Hapana anoziva kana netsaona yakaipisisa, bvisai mweya yevanhu, kana zvirokwazvo usingaonekwi kupenda ane kutongwa. Chero zvakanga, asi vashanyi kuti miziyamu vari kuedza circumvent nayo.

"Nyaradzo". The Graphics nhema uye chena

Kujairika matema uye chena mufananidzo vanhu vaviri vagere akashama border kumashure kusikwa 1894 ichiri zvishoma-anozivikanwa Munch. "Nyaradzo" - saka akadana basa rake hwakajeka, chaizvoizvo achitumira mwoyo uye kusuwa mukadzi, akaisa maoko ake chiso chake misodzi-yakasvibiswa. Its zvinyoronyoro kumbundirwa womunhu fudzi, asi yake chinozorodza wevaFiripi anogona kuderedza chaisatarisirwa sitiroko wematambudziko akaparadza akanyorova upenyu shamwari yake.

Graphics Munch - ari oga nyika, umo akabva uchida mifananidzo kuti kungotaurawo. "Nyaradzo" mumwe wokutanga zvakajeka mabasa nokuda yakakurumbira Norwegian.

Mufananidzo-kutsamwa "Madonna"

"Madonna" All hwake kutambura Munch izvo unenge usisina kutombofanana kuti yaizivikanwa chaiwo mufananidzo, mudzidziso muchivande manzwiro ake pamusoro kanivhasi. Akaona mukadzi ane chakavanzika kuvanhu vose: "Mutsvene uye utsinye, zvinodhaka uye kutambura. Munhu ari kupenga. "

Zvinosuruvarisa ukama naye mwanasikana anenge Akamboramba waini achitengesa mucherechedzo pamusoro mweya womunhu, uyo aidavira kuti runako mukadzi zvinorwadza uye ngozi. "Madonna" Artist isingambokwanisi utsvene uye kutsvinda. Iri kufadzwa mukadzi kufukidza maziso kubva kuneta akasvetukira kupinda nezvekufadza. Her yebhuruu nemvere refluent ichiputswa uye zvaiita hwakazara guva ngozi. Kwakakwidibira kumashure kanivhasi unovhiringidza uye anoratidza vamwe worudzii kutyisidzira vanhu vose.

Munch kusika munhu basa umo rudo hwakada chokuita mugumo upenyu panyika, ndaida kupfuura zvose muzvikamu, inova mukadzi - kubva pamuviri uye kuberekwa rufu. Uye vateereri vainzwa zvikuru anonyadzisira mufananidzo, izvo chete anopa denderedzwa rechiedza yakafanana dzakafuridzirwa mufananidzo Madonna.

"Kuonekana": marwadzo kurambana

In neKwayedza, Ndakatsvaka matatu Edvard Munch kupenda maitiro. "Kuonekana" zvakanyorwa pashure chiitiko akaipa murudo ukama the artist, unonyatsoruramisa mufananidzo muenzaniso kare uye chipo. Anoongorora dzomunyika uye kwokunze nyika kutambura, vanoratidzwa vaine kwakakwidibira chiso uye akabata ruoko rwake ropa pamusoro mwoyo. Right Munch kupendwa mune rakajeka rokwe faceless musikana. Munyori inosimbisa kuti wakati akasiya gamba anoedza kukanganwa uya akaita kutambura, uye chiso chake vakadzima zvachose kubva mundangariro yake.

Zvakananga pamberi murume chiri chinhu chakafanana chinoshamisa chirimwa kana chisikwa chine misoro miviri. Red fuma kuti anotarisa rakasimba pakutanga zvisingadzoreki zvakundikana. Takashandisa surrealism, Chirevo uye uri Nouveau yokuudza dambudziko kuparadzana.

Kusafa mu Mifananidzo

Lonely uye zvakaoma wekuita nevanhu Edvard Munch, vane mabasa zvinopupurira undoubted tarenda rake, muupenyu hwake hwakonzera nezvekuva basa rake, iro akaratidza dzinopikisana unhu nemunyori. Ndiani hamuna kuda kuparadzana pamwe mifananidzo vakatambura uye zviroto batanidza navo pamwe chete, Munch anopfuurira kurarama mifananidzo yake, ndamuita usingafi.