Principles uye dzemunharaunda dzetsika, mienzaniso

"Hakuna munhu aizova akafanana chitsuwa"
(Dzhon Donn)

Society rinoumbwa nevanhu vakawanda vane zvakafanana munzira dzakawanda, asi chaizvo yakasiyana zvido zvavo uye maonero pamusoro ruzivo nyika uye pakunzwisisa chokwadi. Tsika - chinhu runotibatanidza, ndiwo mitemo iwayo anokosha wokurera ari munhu munzanga uye kutsanangura zvakafanana kuona pamusoro muchikwata zano rakadaro, sezvo zvakanaka uye zvakaipa, zvakarurama uye zvisina kururama, zvakanaka nezvakaipa.

Moral rinorondedzerwa so dzemunharaunda yokuzvibata munzanga kuti vakaumba kwemazana emakore uye anoshandiswa yakarurama kukura munhu mairi. Izwi iri rinobva rechiLatin rokuti mores, izvo zvinoreva mitemo wokurera ari muvanhu.

tsika maitiro

In zvetsika, izvo munzira dzakawanda vachishoropodza kuti mutemo evanhu upenyu, pane zvakawanda zvinokosha zvinhu. Saka, zvinokosha zvinodiwa ayo kuti nhengo dzose vanhu ndivo chete pasinei chinzvimbo. Ndivo kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu vari kunze nzvimbo basa zviri pamutemo dzemitemo uye anoshanda munzvimbo dzakadai upenyu okugadzira zvinhu, sainzi uye indasitiri.

The dzemunharaunda pamusoro paruzhinji dzetsika, mune mamwe mazwi tsika, zvinobatsira pakati nezvevamwe vanhu uye mapoka evanhu, regai "kutaura mutauro mumwe chete." Nheyo Legal zvavakatemerwa noruzhinji, uye avo kukundikana nemhosva kunosiyana nekuomarara. Zvakachena uye tsika dzemunharaunda sezvo vari yokuzvidira, ivo neimwe nhengo vanhu anogamuchira pasina kumanikidza.

Mhando dzetsika dzemunharaunda

Kwemazana emakore, tsika dzemunharaunda vakabvuma siyana. Saka, mumamiriro muvanhu zvokuti zvazvisingarambiki musimboti sezvo kunorambidzwa. Vanhu zvakaparidzwa sezvo kuparadzira kuda vamwari, iri zvachose yaidzorwa sezvo airambidzwa mabasa aigona kukanganisa yose muvanhu. Nokuti kutyora kwavo vaizongoguma akateverwa kurangwa zvakasimba: rufu kana vatapwa, izvo kazhinji kacho ndiye. Kunorambidzwa ichiri rachengetedzwa akawanda zvetsika munzanga. Pano, sezvo mienzaniso inotevera tsika: hazvibviri kugara mutemberi, kana munhu asingadi ndezvomunhu vanhu vakaderera revafundisi; Haugoni kuva vana nehama dzavo.

tsika

Tsika haasi chete kugamuchirwa somugumisiro ari kushaya vamwe pamusoro wayo, kunogona tsika. Ndiye ane iterative muitiro, riri kunyanya kukosha kuti tirambe imwe nzvimbo munyika. Munyika vaMuslim, somuenzaniso, unonyanya vairemekedza tsika pane dzimwe tsika. Customs kwakavakirwa zvitendero, muna Central Asia aigona varasikirwe upenyu. Kuti isu, vakajairana European tsika, chiri analogue mutemo. It zvimwechetezvo isu vaMuslim nezvaiitwa mitemo dzetsika. Mienzaniso iyi kana kurambidza kunwa doro, akarikiya nguo kuvakadzi. For necheSalvic-European munzanga yedu ndiyo tsika: Pancakes musi Shrovetide, vanopemberera New Year ane muti.

Pakati tsika nezvezvichaitwa tsika - maitirwo ezvinhu uye mifananidzo maitiro kuti zvikaramba kwenguva refu, zvigopiwa kumarudzi namarudzi. A mhando tsika mitemo yetsika, mienzaniso. Muchiitiko chino, izvi zvinosanganisira: kupemberera Gore Idzva pamwe Christmas muti uye nezvipo vanogona kuva pane imwe nzvimbo, kana kuenda bhati nokuda New Year.

tsika kodzero

Pane mitemo yetsika - the dzemunharaunda nzanga kuti vanhu nokungwaririra anosarudza pachake uye zvimiti kuti sarudzo, kusarudza kuti zvakanga anogamuchirwa naye. Tsika Mienzaniso yakadaro iri nyaya: kupa nzira vakadzi vane pamuviri uye vanhu vakwegura, kukwazisana nomukadzi kana iwe anongoerekana motokari, akazarura mukova kuti mukadzi.

nezvetsika basa

Mumwe mashandiro ari kuongororwa. Moral anoidza zviitiko nezviito kuti atore nzvimbo munyika, maererano zvazvinombobatsira kwavo kana ngozi nokuda pakuzadzisa uye ipapo ake mutongo. Ose chokwadi hunoyerwa maererano nezvakaipa, nokusika ezvinhu umo nomumwe rokuratidzwa wayo anogona kuongororwa zvese zvakanaka uye kunaka. With chikamu ichi, mumwe anogona kunzwisisa nzvimbo yake munyika uye tora chinzvimbo.

No kukosha ndiyo pamutemo basa. The zvetsika vanoshingaira rokuchinja vanhu pfungwa, kazhinji kuita kunopfuura pamutemo muganhu. Kubva pauduku kuburikidza nedzidzo, neimwe nhengo vanhu vakaumba zvimwe maonero chii chingaitwa uye chii hadzingagoni uye ichi kunomubatsira kugadzirisa maitiro avo nenzira yakadaro kuti rinobatsirawo pacharo uye kukura zvavo. netsika akagadzirisa sezvo munyika maonero ari munhu, uye ipapo maitiro ayo uye kudyidzana pakati mapoka evanhu, vachibvumira vanga kuramba nzira isimbe uye tsika.

Kushanda dzidzo yetsika chinoratidzwa pakuti pasi nawo munhu otanga kwete chete pane zvavanoda asi zvinodiwa vanhu vakamupoteredza, nzanga yose zvayo. Achibvuma kukosha wacho achiumbwa uye zvinodiwa nevamwe munzanga, izvo zvinozoita kunotungamirira kuremekedzana. Murume anofarira rusununguko wake chero bedzi hakupesani rusununguko zvevamwe. Moral neururami, zvakafanana vanhu zvakasiyana, vachivabatsira kuti vanzwisise zviri nani nomumwe uye kushanda pamwe chete maererano, chokwadi kufurira kukura neimwe.

Tsika somugumisiro dzidziso

The inokosha tsika dzakanaka dzose nguva kuvapo vanhu zvinosanganisira kudiwa kuita mabasa akanaka uye haana kukuvara vanhu pasinei nzvimbo vanorarama, kunyika ipi ndezvevanhu, ndivo vateveri chero chitendero.

Principles uye dzemunharaunda tsika yaidiwa nokukurumidza vanhu anosangana. Ndicho chidzoke kwenzanga uye zvakasikwa. Zvipenyu, vachifunga kudzidza shanduka, vachiti kuti zvakasikwa panewo nheyo tose tibatsirwe, riri chinozoiswa kuburikidza netsika nzanga yevanhu. Nemhuka dzose kuti vanogara munharaunda, dzakamanikidzwa dzikamisa yavo zvavanoda zvoudyire kuva aenderane upenyu yemberi.

Masayendisiti akawanda hunhu kunoonekwa sezvo mugumisiro evanhu shanduka munzanga yevanhu, ari sezvo dzinongoitika kuratidzwa. Vanoti kuti vazhinji misimboti dzemunharaunda dzetsika, izvo zvikuru, kuumbwa dzinongoitika selection, kana kupona vanhu chete vaya vanogona zvakanaka kushamwaridzana nevamwe. Saka, muna muenzaniso mugumisiro rudo rwomubereki rwunoratidza kudikanwa kudzivirira vana kubva zvose zvimwewo kutyisidzira kuti inonzi inodzivirira kwemarudzi, uye kurambidza makunakuna, izvo achengetedze vanhu kubva kudzikisirana kuburikidza nokusanganisa zvakare yakafanana majini, zvinoita kuti simba vana.

Humanism sezvo kumboenda tsika musimboti

Humanism chinhu chinokosha pamusoro dzemunharaunda ose pachena tsika. Rinoreva kudavira kuti munhu wese ane kodzero mufaro uye Beschetnov mikana yakawanda kodzero iyi kutengesa, uye kuti nemhaka vanhu ose rinofanira kubva pfungwa imwe neimwe yeboka kunokosha uye akafanira kudzivirirwa uye rusununguko .

The chikuru Pfungwa Humanism kungaratidzwa mune rinozivikanwa pokutonga: ". Itirawo vamwe zvaunoda kuti vakuitire" Mumwe munhu ari musimboti uyu anoonekwa sevakasiyana chete zvinobatsira kuti chero chipi zvacho munhu.

Humanism zvinoreva kuti nzanga vanofanira pave dzinokosha dzevanhu dzakadai kodzero upenyu, inviolability pamba uye matsamba, rusununguko rwechitendero uye kusarudza dzokugara, kurambidzwa wechibharo. Society anofanira kuedza kutsigira vanhu, nokuti chero zvikonzero, zvakawanda mano avo. Kugona kugamuchira vanhu vakadaro chinosiyanisa vanhu kuti haaiti maererano nemitemo zvakasikwa rwokuzvarwa selection, mhosva kuti rufu hakuna simba zvakakwana. Humanism pave nemikana mufaro vanhu, chakaderedzwa mutengo chiri kuitika ruzivo rwake uye unyanzvi.

Humanism seinokonzera tsika dzevanhu

Humanism munguva yedu anoswedera paruzhinji ngwariro matambudziko evanhu akadai kuwanda zvenyukireya, kwezvakatipoteredza kutyisidzira, kudiwa kukura asiri tsvina michina uye kuderedza nenhanho kugadzirwa. Anoti kuti containment zvido uye kubatanidzwa vose kugadzirisa matambudziko ose muvanhu, anogona kuitika chete kuburikidza nokumutsa ruzivo, kukura mumudzimu. Anoumba netsika zvakasikwa.

Mercy sezvo huru nenheyo dzetsika

Under rudo kunzwisisa munhu kuda kubatsira vaya vaishayiwa vanhu tsitsi, muchinzwisisa kwavari yavo nokutambura uye achida kuderedza kutambura kwavo. Zvitendero zvakawanda zviri Kunyatsoteerera ichi tsika musimboti, kunyanya chiBhudha uye chiKristu. To murume akanga tsitsi, zvakafanira kuti kwakanga kusina weboka vanhu mu "isu" uye "kwavari" kuti akaona mumwe nomumwe "yavo".

Pari kusimbisa zvikuru nezvokuti munhu anofanira kushingaira kubatsira vaya vanoda tsitsi, uye zvakakosha kuti kwete chete inopa kubatsira, asi akanga agadzirira kutsigira tsika.

Kuenzana sezvo inokosha musimboti tsika

Kubva pfungwa etsika, kuenzana kunoda zviito kuti munhu akanga dzinoongororwa pasinei munzanga uye upfumi, asi kubva vakawanda nemaonero, kuti kutaura maitiro evanhu akanga nokudenga. mhando iyi ezvinhu anogona kuva chete mune zvakanaka dzakabudirira munzanga kwasvika pamwero zveupfumi uye netsika kukura.

Nehanya nevamwe sezvo kumboenda tsika musimboti

Pfungwa iyi tsika kungaratidzwa mu wokuti "Ida muvakidzani wako sezvaunozviita." Nehanya nevamwe zvinoratidza kuti munhu anogona kuita chimwe chinhu chakanaka mumwe munhu pachena, hachizovi kuva basa kuti anofanira akapindura, uye udyire zvatinganzwa. Ichi musimboti tsika kwakakosha munyika yanhasi, apo upenyu mumaguta makuru kunoparadzanisa vanhu kubva mumwe, zvinoita kuti pave kunzwa kuti hanya muvakidzani wako pasina chinangwa hazvibviri.

Tsika uye Law

Right uye netsika zviri pedyo vachionana, nekuti pamwe dzinoumba mutemo munyika, asi vane zvinoverengeka zvinokosha kusiyana. Nhamba kwemitemo netsika anobudisa kusawirirana kwavo.

The kwemitemo vari rakanyorwawo uye vari vakava neHurumende sezvo fanira mitemo vasiri kutevedzera raizoita vanongoerekana mhosva. Sezvo anoona anoshandisa Mapato yokupira uye zvisiri pamutemo, uye ichi ndicho chimwe kupima yakavakwa pamusoro vedare magwaro akadai Constitution uye siyana Codes.

Moral dzemunharaunda uye nenheyo zvikuru kusanduka, uye vanhu vakasiyana kunogona kuonekwa nenzira dzakasiyana, vanogona kuvimba ezvinhu. Ivo kuripo muvanhu muchimiro mitemo, izvo chinopfuudzwa kubva kune mumwe munhu uye haana rakanyorwawo. netsika zvikuru kuzviitira Kukoshesa dzinoratidzwa pfungwa "kodzero" uye "zvisina kunaka," asiri uchiwirirana mune zvimwe zviitiko kungaita kuti uwane migumisiro pane ruzhinji pakutsiurwa kana chete kusazvitendera. Nokuti zvaipesana evanhu netsika dzakanaka kungakonzera marwadzo nehana.

Ukama mutemo netsika dzinogona kurondwa muzviitiko zvakawanda. Saka, kuti tsika dzakanaka, "Usauraya," "Usaba" dzinoenderana mitemo zvaitaurwa muna Criminal Code, kuti kurwiswa upenyu hwevanhu uye pfuma kunotungamirira mhosva kusunga uye kusungwa. Uye zvinoita kunetsana nheyo, kana kutyorwa mutemo - dzakadai kurambidzwa munyika yedu euthanasia, riri aionekwa kupondwa munhu - inogona takarurama mutsika yezvavaidavira - munhu pachake asingadi kurarama, hapana tariro kupora, chirwere chinoita iye sabvumika marwadzo.

Saka, musiyano pakati mutemo netsika kunoratidzirwa chete mutemo.

mhedziso

netsika vakaberekerwa muvanhu vari nedanho shanduka, chitarisiko chavo hachisi netsaona. Vakanga yaidiwa kare, kuchengetedza vanhu uye kudzivirira kubva zvinorwisana maari, uye vachiri kuita mabasa iwayo uye vamwe, kukura uye kufambira mberi pamwe vanhu. netsika anga uye vacharamba chinokosha imwe wenzanga yakabudirira.