Python zvirongwa mutauro: zvishwe

The Python zvirongwa mutauro (se "Python" kana "Python") Pane dzakawanda nzira loop zvimwe chiito. Huru zvishandiso kuti Implementation upi iteration muna Python - apo muzvishwe uye nokuda. The apo loop kunonyanyisa inoshanda kupfuura, saka zviri nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti zviri nani! The nokuti loop rinoshandiswa kazhinji, nokuti nawo vakaziva chinonetsa mabasa nokuda pakusika multi-chechetere uye mnogouslovnyh zvirongwa.

Python: kutenderera pamwe postcondition

Zvinogara pamwe postcondition - nayo zvishwe apo, zvinova zvikuru yezvisikwa kwesangano hurongwa ari zvirongwa zvakatipoteredza. The apo loop anoshanda panheyo "chero". Izvi zvinoreva zvinotevera: apo imwe mamiriro achadzoka kukosha kwechokwadi, zvichava kushanda! zvakagadzirwa Izvi zvinonzi "kutenderera" nokuti dzichipfekeka kurapa cyclically akadzokorora, kutanga kutanga ukoshi. Kunze kutenderera apo Python chinozoiswa panguva kukosha anova venhema. Panguva iyi, muturikiri transmits purogiramu zvinotevera dzichipfekeka-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro chidimbu, kureva mutsetse itsva, riri shure chinogumbura pamwe postcondition chiduku.

In mapurogiramu mitauro, Python zvinogara apo postcondition vane zvinotevera nemarongerwo:

1. Apo (ezvinhu): 2. mashoko

Mashoko anogona kunge ari chete mashoko kana akawanda. Mamiriro munogara kukosha chero asiri razero kwechokwadi. zvakagadzirwa ichi anoita chero bedzi yakanatsa ezvinhu ichokwadi.

Kushandisa kutenderera apo mu "Python" Somuenzaniso

Rassmotirim apo loop. Python rakanyatsojeka dzinonakidza hurongwa ayo iterations:

mumwe = 0 apo imwe <7: kupirinda ( "A") mumwe = mumwe + 1

Isu kuti unzve shanduka "munhu" uye akakumbira kwaari kuti razero. Ipapo akaisa mamiriro ezvinhu "apo munhu <7", kureva apo shanduka "munhu" idukusa nhamba "7", ipapo loop yedu kuurayiwa chero bedzi pane venhema.

A venhema (kureva, zvichaita anongoerekana kubva kutenderera) ichava nguva shanduka achava kupfuura nhamba "7". Kuti izvi zviitike, ndiyo imwe nguva incremented 1, kuti isu anoratidza mu "nzvimbo = mumwe + 1".

Kana ukamhanya pakuvaka ichi, kuti tsamba "A" kucharatidzwa ka7 iri shongwe!

A A A A A A A

Zvisingaperi loop paaiva Python

How kuita zvisingaperi loop muna Python apo? Kufembera kwete kuoma, nokuti kutenderera anomhanya kusvikira kusvikira anogamuchira chenhema kukosha, uye kana mutengo ichi hadzisi ikoko? Mhinduro yomubvunzo zvichida kare saka zvose zviri pachena. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, isingaperi loop zvinodiwa kugadzirisa dambudziko? Muenzaniso uyu rive vasinganyatsooni chirongwa akadaro, sezvo "wachi." Pano Chokwadi, unofanira kushandisa yaive loop, izvo zvichaita kuti yoku- zvechigarire uye kuratidza nguva.

Magumo loop kazhinji chikanganiso ruzivo programmers vanokanganwa kuwedzera kuchinja kutenderera ezvinhu.

Ngatitorei Kutarira zvinotevera chimedu Python yechiratidzo. Zvinonzi kana ichi iterated nokusingaperi (mushure "#" hunhu ndiyo mhinduro):

nhamba = 1 # kuzivisa shanduka nhamba uye basa nazvo kukosha 1 apo nhamba <10: # kusika postcondition, izvo kuvaverenga asingasviki 10 anodhinda 'Hello' # ezvinhu (anodhinda «Hello» mashoko)

Chirongwa akadaro haafaniri kumhanyira kuronga, nekuti richazara nokusingaperi. Takabvunza ezvinhu akadaro kuti haangatongovi venhema netsika ezvinhu «nhamba <10" iyi nyaya yechokwadi nguva dzose, saka iteration achava nguva kuunza N-fung uwandu "Makadini" mashoko. Kuti kumisa muitiro rokunyora husingaperi, unofanira achizviendesa kiyi wemishonga Ctrl + C muna goko.

Python: nemarongerwo. Nepo, uye nokuda zvishwe

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zviri mumutauro "Python" zvirongwa, pane nzira dzakawanda kuronga dzokororo boka mashoko. Totaura kununura loop nokuti, inova zvishoma chakasiyana ayo ishamwari apo, nekuti magadzirirwo ayo chinguva kuoma kukunda chete postcondition. ngatirege kutaura pamusoro yose sezvakaita ichitanga, nokuti hazviwirirani Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nokuda loop riri nokukurumidza zvikuru kudarika kwechinguva. A dzakasiyana-siyana kuti vagadzirise magadzirirwo uye mabasa ichi chiduku outperform kunoita pamwe postcondition, saka zviri zvikuru kazhinji kushandisa kuita zvenhando mabasa mazhinji.

Ndezvipi anosangana kutenderera nokuda? Pasina mubvunzo, zvakafanana kuti iyi - iterate chero kwendangariro. Chirongwa manotsi akaita pamusoro "Shato", iri kushandiswa loop nokuti, iyo inokwanisa pakutevedzera traversal zvakafanorongwa muzvizhinji kuti zvinhu uye kuita mumuviri wayo siyana iterating pamusoro pavo. Features yokugadzirwa ichi inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mitsara kana mazita kungofanana mamwe chinhu iterated.

Muenzaniso kushandiswa nokuda kutenderera muna Python

Toti tine zvimwe pasi nhamba, uye tinofanira nechimwe chine maatomu akafanana (kureva. E. Number) yakawedzera muzvikamu zvitatu. Kushandisa basa rakadaro zvatinogona kuburikidza loop, nokuti loop nzira.

Ngatimboonai kukurumidza muenzaniso, apo isu achaita chiito chakakodzera nokuda ichi (mushure "#" hunhu ndiyo mhinduro):

spisok_chisel = [5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, 75, 85, 95] # akataura kuko ine 10 nenhamba verenga = 0 # akasika pakaunda pamwe razero nokuti zvinhu zviri spisok_chisel: # iterate pamusoro mumitsetse uzvinyore okunze spisok_chisel [verenga] = zvinhu + # 3 nhamba kuwedzera pakuwanisa vatatu verenga = verenga + 1 # kuenda rakatevera nhamba iri indekisi

Mubayiro kuvakwa pamusoro richava:

spisok_chisel = [8, 18, 28, 38, 48, 58, 68, 78, 88, 98]

In muenzaniso wedu, pane shanduka kuverenga, izvo tinoda kuti vazopemberera kuchinja tsika dziri mumitsetse «spisok_chisel». The shanduka count chakanyorwa muindex ukoshi nechimwe chinhu siyana (neimwe nhamba iri pasi). Shanduka «zvinhu» rinobatanidza zvichiguma kukosha iri pasi. In nokuda loop, tinoona sei kuti pave kubudiswa mumwe chinhu ari nhamba pasi. Mukati loop, mumwe Numeric chinhu pamwe indekisi «count» akawedzera chitsama magetsi iterated maatomu akafanana uye zvitatu. Zvadaro indekisi yedu «kuverenga» yakawedzera mumwe, uye aibuda Implementation purogiramu anodzokera kutanga kuvakwa ma ads kuti. Saka loop vachamhanya kusvikira kusvikira yava kupatsanurwa nechimwe chine maatomu akafanana zviri mumitsetse, akapiwa ezvinhu. Kana chinhu chinoshayikwa, asi ari wakasiyiwa ezvinhu, ichitanga zvakakwana. We anokwezvera chimwe chinhu: kana mukasandizivisa kunyora nemutsara «count = verenga + 1", pasinei nokuti inofa zvinhu kupatsanurwa zvinobudirira, mugumisiro achagara ichawedzerwa wokutanga kusanganiswa nechinhu indekisi razero c.

Zvino tinogona kufunga apo loop kushanda dzemitemo uye kuziva musiyano (yeuka kuti Python kunze kutenderera pamwe postcondition rinoitwa pahwaro akanyatsorongwa nzira - wechokwadi (ichitanga mberi) kana venhema (ichitanga rinomira)).

How kurapa tambo iri Python kushandisa magadzirirwo?

In mutauro ose zvirongwa pane zvinogara, uye vanoshandira, kazhinji musi ichocho, misiyano kuoneka chete nemarongerwo. Zvisinei, nokuda loop mumutauro "Python" haasi munhuwo uye chiduku, nekuti nheyo huchishanda haringorevi pakaunda. zvakagadzirwa ichi enumerates chinhu chimwe nechimwe pacho choga. izvi zvose zvinogona nyore kutsanangurwa nomuenzaniso kushanda tambo, asi ngatitangei kukurira Kuronga kutenderera kuti:

nokuti shanduka

It kunochengetwa mune shanduka kutenderera oparesheni mugumisiro

mu peremennaya_2

Shoko guru «mu» - iri chinodiwa kana kushanda «nokuda» kutenderera. Kubva peremennoy_2 isu kudhonza kukosha kuti uchapiwa iterated. Kuti zvijeke, uye zvakajeka, ngatitarisei muenzaniso duku sei kushanda uye kugadzirisa hungiso muna Python:

kwaIsakari = 'zvirongwa' # kuzivisa shanduka uye basa tambo ukoshi nokuti haulla mu kwaIsakari: # Gadzira shanduka haulla, iyo icharamba busting Codes ose shanduka vaIsakari anodhinda (haulla, magumo = '^') # Output yacho haulla uye pashure tsamba neimwe, pinza chiratidzo - shiri.

Mugumisiro manyorero:

P ^ peji ^ iwe ^ R ^ R ^ munhu ^ M ^ M ^ ^ uye peji ^ O ^ munhu ^ munhu ^ N ^ uye ^ E

mberi mashoko

opareta kuramba pakutevedzera yezwi Implementation inotevera kutenderera, akapiwa ezvinhu, zvisinei pakuenzanisa loop. Shandisa mberi mashoko anogona kuva zvinogara maviri - uye apo.

Funga muenzaniso uyu:

nokuti count mu 'kudzokorora tsamba neimwe, asi' kana count == 'Haiwa': mberi anodhinda (count * 2, magumo = '')

The Zvichaguma zvinotevera:

Ppvvttrriimm kkaazhzhdduuyuyu bbuukkvvuu ,, kkrrmmee

Kana Handler akawana tsamba "O" iri tambo 'kudzokorora tsamba neimwe, asi' kuurayiwa purogiramu yakanga pakarepo anotumirwa mutsetse pashure shoko '' kuramba '', apo mamiriro wakaiswa kutevedzera tsamba neimwe.

zororo statement

Keyword «kwemasikati» akaiswa panzvimbo ichitanga iri kwaizombomiswa pasina akamirira Payakapera, wavakapiwa mamiriro. zvakagadzirwa ichi rinowanzoshandiswa paainyora Mapurogiramu akawanda kufunga uye mamiriro.

Funga muenzaniso diki basa kwemasikati okuti:

nokuti count mu 'kudzokorora tsamba neimwe, asi' kana count == 'Haiwa': zororo anodhinda (count * 2, magumo = '')

The Zvichaguma zvinotevera:

nn

Kana Handler akawana tsamba "O" iri tambo 'kudzokorora tsamba ose kunze' kuurayiwa purogiramu yakanga pakarepo rakambomiswa, pasinei nokuti rinotevera mutsetse rine zvimwe zvinhu nokuda kutenderera.

The zvemashiripiti Shoko mumwe

In dzinotevedzana chero mhando anogona kushandisa opareta mumwe. Chii kuti? Iyewo macheki kuti vakumikidzwa kubva loop zvinoreva kuregawo kana senguva nzira. Block mitemo zvakafanorongwa mu Implementation zvake kutanga chete apo mamiriro kuti goho riri kutenderera akanga akatakurwa achiburitswa kunze pasina kushandisa yokuzorora mamiriro.

Funga muenzaniso diki:

nokuti count mu 'kwaziwai nyika': kana count == 'I': zororo zvimwe: anodhinda ( 'mutongo wenyu haana tsamba' I '')

The goho of manyorero:

mutongo wako haisi tsamba "I"

Mienzaniso zvinogara munzvimbo nekwekupedzesera of Python zvirongwa mutauro

Sezvo rakatangwa muna Python neizvi kutenderera? Ngatitaurei kufungidzira kuti kunyora purogiramu anofanira kuziva chimiro mutsetse uye kuadhinda nekwekupedzesera. Mashandisiro ezvidzidzo ichi?

Funga muenzaniso pazasi:

haulla = 'zvirongwa' new_slovo = [] nokuti count mu Range (Len (s), 0, -1): new_slovo.append (s [i-1]) new_slovlo [ 'P', 'peji', 'Haiwa', 'ge,' peji ',' munhu ',' M ',' M ',' u ',' peji ',' Haiwa ',' munhu ',' ane ',' n ',' u ',' e '] anodhinda (new_slovo) [ 'P', 'peji', 'Haiwa', 'ge,' peji ',' munhu ',' M ',' M ',' u ',' peji ',' Haiwa ',' munhu ',' ane ',' n ',' u ',' e '] anodhinda ( ''. kubatana (new_slovo))

Mugumisiro manyorero:

einavorimmargorp

nested zvishwe

In Python, munewo Zvinonzi mapurogiramu uye upfumi, kuti anoiswa nomuviri mumwe. In nomumwe kutenderera kungava nested loop, uye saka zvinokwanisika kuvaka manera kuti kusaverengeka. Mune iteration rokunze loop wokutanga kwaswedera nokuudza romukati loop, riri aiurayiwa asati apedza vayo, ipapo kudzora zvose redirected mumuviri rokunze loop. mutauro wese ane yayo zvechadenga nested muzvishwe, ngatitarisei sei vanoshanda mu "Python" zvirongwa mutauro.

Kana uri kushandisa nested muzvishwe, Python anopa zvinotevera nemarongerwo:

nokuti shanduka mune kutevedzana kwezviitiko variables: nokuti shanduka mune kutevedzana kwezviitiko variables chiito (s) chiito (s)

Chaiwo zviri nested zvishwe ndechokuti iri kutenderera upi mhando anogona kushandiswa chero mhando kutenderera! Izvi zvinoreva kuti ari kutenderera apo (kana kuti) inogona midzi kuti kutenderera kana zvakare apo ndiEzekieri.