Salmonella - chii? Salmonellosis: zviratidzo, kurapwa

Salmonellosis - chirwere ane chirwere hunhu, izvo zviri kukonzerwa utachiona uye kunoratidzwa kudhaka uye kukundwa, kunyanya mudumbu uye ura.

zvikonzero

Utachiona ndiyo tsvimbo serin'i giremu negative mabhakitiriya ari genus Salmonella, kwakabva mhuri Enterobacteriaceae (Salmonella, Shigella). The microbe iri husingakwanisi dzezvakatipoteredza zvinofurira. Mumvura yokupukunyuka kusvika mwedzi mitanhatu muvhu kusvika gumi mwedzi. The nyama nomukaka kakawanda kuwana salmonella. Chii - vakakanganisa, murombo okuchengetera kana kugadzira - haukoshi. Zvirwere pakutanga kwete vakachengetedzwa, asiwo kukwanisa bereka. Ravirai uye pakuonekwa zvigadzirwa hakuna kushanduka. Kusvuta, salting, oma zvigadzirwa haitungamiriri rufu ane chirwere mavambo.

Anokonzera chirwere - zvakaipa munhu kana inotakura mabhakitiriya, uyewo yehuku uye mhuka. Chirwere zvingaitika kana uchishandisa nyama yakawanikwa kubva utachiona mhuka (makwai, nguruve, mombe, shiri, duck, huku), mukaka utachiona uye mazai. Salmonella mu mazai - vakawanda chinokonzera chirwere. Dzimwe nayo utachiona hunogona kutapukira kuburikidza zvemumba, zvokudya, mvura iri reservoirs, kana paiva nevanhu zvakaipa munhu kana mhuka. Hosha rinowanikwa munyika munyika dzakawanda. Inonyanya chakajairika inodziya mwedzi, huru mumaguta. vanhu vakwegura uye vana tichikurumidza nokuda yakaderera nemishonga kuti utachiona.

chirwere kunoita

Kamwe mudumbu pamwe ura, Salmonella utachiona anosvika ura diki, uko epithelial masero vakateyiwa uye anopinda mucosa. Pano uye hapana kubereka kwayo, izvo chinoita anogumbura kuchinja mucous uye utachiona akatambanudzira zvakare kupinda ropa uye node nodes. Sezvo rufu yawo yechinyakare Salmonella Ndinoramba kudhaka. Vavhiringidzike microcirculation ropa, kutakurwa ions, iyo inosvitsa unopinza kuparadzana remvura uye electrolytes mukati lumen kwamakamuri.

symptomatology

The incubation nguva anoda kubva maawa matanhatu mazuva masere. Panguva ino, nayo utachiona pachayo haina kuratidza. Ipapo chirwere anopinda zvizere kodzero, kufanana salmonella, zvinotevera zviratidzo ngapaonekwe; nehasha achimuka tembiricha, dzungu, utera, nomusoro, chills. Patient kutinhira dumbu uye unozvimba, kwakaratidzwa marwadzo mairi, akaderedza kudya, kusazvibata zvituru rinowanika (zvichida pamwe madzihwa uye fetid), kurutsa uye svoto.

Chiremba, ongorora murwere, izvo akagadzirisa salmonella, zviratidzo yakaratidza zvinotevera: kuderera BP, wakawedzera kwemwoyo, kupera mvura mumuviri (ganda elasticity ipfupi, ari mucous membranes vari rakachenuruka uye akaoma, kuderera uwandu weti, pane nyota, hoarseness, dzimwe tsandanyama vari convulsively unyana) , kuwedzere chirwatata uye chiropa, ganda uye sclera icteric.

Dzimwe nguva chirwere anogona kutora chakakomba sepsis, apo siyana zvomukati dzinotanga kuumbika yechipiri purulent foci (chitaka, meninges, node raiva pedyo nebundu, nduru dundira, yeropa, mapapu, endocardium, majoini, mapfupa).

Matambudziko kazhinji dzinoitika chirwere ichi - ane chirwere-chepfu kuvhunduka, hypovolemic kuvhunduka, chenjera renal kukundikana.

bacteriocarrier

Ichi chimiro chirwere kunoratidzwa ndechokuti hapana kuratidzwa kurapwa mune vanhu haina kuchengetwa, asi Salmonella (mufananidzo) dzakaonekwa ne serological uye bacteriological zvidzidzo. All Mabhakitiriya vatakuri inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvakadai: rikwanise wenhumbi, chirwere uye zvinopfuura.

Chenjera akacherechedza pakati rekonvalistsentov uye kunoratidzwa voga pakati microbe kubva muviri motokari mazuva gumi nemashanu mitatu.

Chirwere chekufambisa chinorehwa apo muviri kupfuura mitatu iri dzinounzwa salmonella. Chii, izvozvo ndeyechokwadi fanira zvokuongorora kwemwedzi mitanhatu uye kuzodzosera kudzidza duodenal mukati, weti, mutsvina yadzo.

Zvinopfuura bacteriocarrier zvinoreva kusavapo kurapwa zviratidzo panguva yacho kuongorora uye rapfuura mitatu, uye bacteriological miedzo zvamakamupa yakanaka chete - kaviri chete penguva zuva rimwe, nezvisingafadzi kunoguma ramangwana.

Diagnostics

Tione chirwere yemhando mubvunzo, iwe unogona, kuunganidza epidemiological Data (salmonella mune mazai uye dzimwe zvokudya, boka hunhu chirwere). Murabhoritari vanogamuchira zvinosimbisa vachiita chaicho tsvakurudzo nzira.

Bacteriological ongororo. Of gastric lavage, weti, ropa, bile, vomitus, mutsvina yadzo dzinounzwa Salmonella. Chii - uye kwechokwadi pakudzidza.

Zvingaitwa kunanga hemagglutination, agglutination bvunzo, mukwanisi Kuda kutamba bvunzo - iri pakutsvaga titer pamusoro antibodies kuna nayo utachiona muropa serum.

Vasiri dzakananga nzira Murabhoritari Diagnostics kwakakwana ropa count inoshandiswa.

differential kuongorora chirwere

Kusiyanisa ichi kubva chirwere vane ehsherihioza nemanyoka, fivha uye korera, zvokudya chepfu mhuka chepfu kana miriwo mavambo, inorganic uye Organic zvinhu, appendicitis, uye myocardial infarction.

kurapa

Kamwe voga Salmonella, kurapwa kunofanira kusanganisira mudumbu yasukwa mbiri, nhatu litres mvura kana maviri muzana mhinduro kubva yavaibvisa hydrogencarbonate. The murwere itungamirirwe kudya kunosanganisira zvokudya, anorura nemudumbu, zvose mechanically uye mishonga. Kana Salmonella ari kuona, marapirwo hunosanganisira fanira kuzoita nemvura chechetere mumuviri uye uwandu electrolytes.

Ari munyoro chimiro chirwere uye kupera mvura mumuviri regidrotatsiya inoitwa nomuromo (nomuromo) zvinodhaka "Pandakatenderera", "Regidron", "Tsitroglyukosalan" uye dzimwe electrolyte mhinduro. Zvinokwanisika kushandisa shuga-munyu, iyo yakagadzirirwa nokuwedzera mumwe fő mvura iri kufashaira spoon vasere shuga uye vaviri spoon yomunyu. The zvachose Vhoriyamu mvura kuzadza vhoriyamu anofanira kuenzana Urume yarasika pachituru uye mvura.

Kana chirwere uye / kana zvakakomba kupera muviri kugamuchira, zvino kushandisa intravenous rokugadzirisa pamusoro polyionic ( "Ringerlaktat", "Chlosol", "Acesol", "Trisol", "Kvartasol"). The inotoda chinotaurwa pana imwe nokukurumidza uye mumwe vhoriyamu, izvo kuvimba mwero Urume kurasikirwa uye kupera mvura mumuviri pamwero.

Nokuti kuparadzwa nayo utachiona kunge akarwawo mumwe dzinoverengeka tupukanana "Ofloxacin", "norfloxacin", "Ciprofloxacin" "Ceftriaxone".

Kuderedza mwero kudhaka, vane mukana wokuzvidzivirira kuti enterosorbents "Polisorb", "Polyphepan", "Enterosorb", "Enterodez".

Dzosai electrolyte dzakagadzikana havachanyatsogoni chirwere, kubatsira "Bismuth subsalicylate" zvinodhaka "Sandostatin" "Imodium", "asipurini", "Indomethacin"

Uyewo, murwere unofanira kutora zvinodhaka zvinowedzera non-zvakananga nemishonga yacho Muviri anodzoreredza sevamwe intestinal microflora (kwemabhakitiriya eubioticheskie, mavhitaminzi, antioxidants). Taurira murwere sezvinobvira pashure kutanga zvizere kunotoda kupora uye bacteriological zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kushaya ari mutsvina yadzo iri causative pomutumwa.

dziviriro

Kudzivirira chirwere fanira wemhuka uye utsanana rokuzvibaya yehuku uye nezvipfuwo, pasi zvose mitemo uye ruzivo kuti kubudiswa zvitunha, zvifambiso yakarurama, kuchengetwa kumusika zvokudya. Pane mushonga, iyo yaisanganisira inactivated Salmonella. Kuti rinovatadzisa chirwere shiri nemhuka, aizivikanwa wose. Imwe ongororo yakaitwa vashandi vari nemasangano uye zvokudya Makambani uyewo anobatsira kudzivirira zvirwere.