Kuti anopa bacteriological kuzviongorora? Nokuti chero zano rinoitwa? Chii chinorehwa neshoko njodzi iyi? Ndezvipi zvinangwa zvinokosha zviri bacteriological miedzo vari ikoko?
Vhuṱanzi
Bacteriological kuongororwa - iri nesayenzi neurongwa kwemabhakitiriya vanozivikanwa uye zvivako zvavo vakadzidza nechinangwa yokumisa microbiological nechirwere. Zvikuru pano ndiyo kutsunga mhando kana rudzi enzvimbo akatiwanira microorganism (kuzvitutumadza akachena mutsika). Izvi zvinoteverwa adzidze nemakemikari uye vasiri zvivako zviri zvipenyu uyewo propensity kuti toxin. Zvinangwa izvi, zvakaitwa kunayisa uye agglutination. Uyewo vaiita utachiona rabhoritari mhuka, zvichiteverwa kuziva miedzo Kumwe kuchinja kunotanga.
Kushanda bvunzo zvinhu
The algorithm anopa bacteriological kuongororwa kunyatsoteerera zvaidiwa mirayiridzo inokosha. Saka, muedzo zvinhu zvinofanira inounganidzwa mune chena mugaba pasi aseptic ezvinhu. Uyewo, Kutarisirwa inofanira kuendeswa wakurukura kuti murabhoritari kuitwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira. Zviri okuchengetera zvinokosha zvemarudzi ivhu muchando. Nzira bacteriological kudzidza inopa dzinoverengeka zvichibvira ezvinhu. Nokudaro, chinhu mhando, Zvivako zviri microorganism uye yezvakaita chirwere kazhinji kumanikidzwa kutanga mumwe mirayiridzo kushandiswa. Pepa anoshandisa vakawanda nzira dzakasiyana. Chimwe ndicho - iri bacterioscopy. Asi kana utachiona vari unfixed, zvino kushandisa vanonetseka kana yakarembera donhwe. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti okupedzisira maviri nzira dzine transmissibility.
bacterioscopy
Panyaya iyi nokurova kushandiswa. Kusika navo unofanira kuderera fluid iyo wakaipa zvakaparadzira pamusoro pemvura ondomoka. Notches vanofanira nokuomesa izvozvo. Izvi aiwanzoshandisa gadziriro kufamba kuburikidza murazvo apiwa gasi burner. Kunyange neimwe nzira angashandisa kutara nziyo. Kuratidza kuti ichi mushonga regadziriro zviito aiita pendi yake. Chinangwa evanhu vakadaro - zvakarurama, izvo zvinokosha zvikuru kana zvidzidzo roga uye bacteriological kuzviongorora. Pashure pezvose, kana apiwa kushandiswa kwezvinodhaka nokuda mumwe chinangwa, unowana Porridge, kushanda zvinobudirira chete richava zvakaoma chaizvo.
Sei dzakakurumbira saka bacterioscopy
Last asi kwete muduku uyu imhaka Kuwanikwa nzira iyi. Kana vakatapwa bacteriological kuongorora kutsva zvinodhaka, kusarudza nayo utachiona inogona kushandiswa microchemical siyana kana värjäys zvokusarudza akasiyana STRUCTURAL zvikamu microorganism. Ndechipi nani? A neyakarurama mugumisiro kunogona kuwanikwa kana tichishanda kugadzirira Stained. Panyaya iyi bvunzo zvinhu rinoshandisirwa mugomo wakagadzirira egirazi. Uyezve hazvo dzakaonda (uye kana zvichibvira kunyange) rukoko. Pashure paizvozvo, unofanira kumirira kusvikira mushonga ndiyo mhepo yakaoma. The tusingaoneki vari ipapo wakaiswa nomumwe kwakajairika nzira. Zvadaro, kugadzirira zviri pachena ostuzhennoy differential staining kana nyore pendi. Nokuti chinangwa ichi inogona kushandiswa yakaoma uye chizvarwa zvigadzirwa. Pashure paizvozvo anoramba panzvimbo kutungamirira kuunganidza zvipenyu ultraviolet kana pfupi yebhuruu chiedza kuti hunokonzera sokupenya ose microbe, kana munhu zvikamu muviri.
Kushanda microscopy
Rinoshandiswa rokuongorora zvinoverengeka zvirwere. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo tibhii, mwandabvu, uye relapsing fivhiri. Kuwedzera pakudzidza akareva kudzidza yose zvakaoma pamusoro nhengo kana zvibereko microflora. Asi vatsoropodzi kazhinji kutaura hama unreliability uye inaccuracy kuti nzira iyi.
Zvirimwa kwemabhakitiriya tsika uye subcultures
Dzika navo achishandisa Pasteur pipette. Bacteriological uye cytological kuongororwa nyore pave pasina zvakadyarwa uye Kudyarazve panguva nokushanda rikurumidze. Kana basa rinoitwa ane Pasteur pipette, ipapo Unokanganisa kubvisa muromo pamwe tweezers. The turusi pacharo zvino vakapinda kuburikidza murazvo uye akabva abvumirwa zvichitonhorera. Panzira, kana zvirimwa zvinogona kushandiswa zvese mvura uye zvakasimba tsika zvenhau. Inoratidza pakusarudza kuva nayo, chii zvinangwa zviri kutsvakwa bacteriological kuzviongorora. Zvakakodzera kuomerera algorithm kuita uye kuchengeteka. Saka, kana uchishanda mvura inotonhorera svikiro zvinokosha kuva nechokwadi chokuti haisi wakadurura uye wakanyorova mupendero sepombi uye sepombi. Kana Vanodzidza ane zvinhu yakasimba, kazhinji rinoshandiswa chaizvo tsono kuti kupinda tsika. Kana vakabata zvirimwa uye subcultures, zvinofanira kutakurwa gasi tochi womoto. Nokuti kuchena kuedza chubhu havafaniri kuramba rakavhurika kwenguva refu. About chishandiso pamwe netsika: vanofanira nechokwadi kuti hapana akabata. Uyewo michini bacteriological kuongororwa kunosanganisira unopfuta kumicheto ari chubhu asati nokuvhara payo. Nechekare rapera chigadzirwa chinofanira pakarepo mushure zvaAtemisi chiratidzo, kunzvenga kuvhiringidzika mune ramangwana.
Kubudirira seeding
Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nzira iyi inopa rakanyatsorurama uye yakavimbika Data panguva iri bacteriological nechirwere kupfuura kare vaiona bacterioscopy. Panyaya iyi, kutevedzana kuti zviito zviri sezvinotevera:
- Pakutanga tsika kwakachena zodzera pamusoro pemvura tsika svikiro, rinoteurirwa kuva Petri mundiro.
- Initial seeding yaifanira pasi ezvinhu zviri akanakira ichi mhando zvigare.
- Zuva rakatevera, wechipiri pamberi ane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri ezvinhu zvose zvakakodzera dzaitongwa akatamira pavakanga vachakwanisa kuva kuna kufadza. Izvi inosunungura navo, saka kubva kune dzimwe microflora.
Tuso - a homogeneous tsika utachiona kuti vangazivikanwa.
Net tsika
Uye ndizvo zvavanoita? Nokuti chinangwa ichi, utachiona uye nomuviri nzira. Muchiitiko chokutanga, basa rinokosha tsika zvenhau, apo pane mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kuti vari akanakira kukura imwe tsika. Uyewo unogona kushandiswa kusvika kana utachiona rabhoritari mhuka kuti vane hanya imwe mabhakitiriya mhando. Mechanical nzira dzinobva kushandisa imwe chena chishandiso naro netsika anoiswa mugomba tsika svikiro iri rokutanga, wechipiri newechitatu Petri ndiro. Zvino zvakafanira kuti kumirira kusvikira ichikura munhu dzaidzorwa, uye kwavari achava kumira kwakachena tsika. Uyewo, mabhakitiriya anogona dzabudapo chaiyo incubators, apo tembiricha anodzokororwa pamwero (kazhinji kumativi 37 madhigirii). Panyaya iyi, muitiro anopfuurira kwerinenge zuva. Asi, zvichienderana nemhando zvigare anogona kuiswa nemamwe mazwi. Uyewo chinokosha Kuwanikwa anodiwa yevasungwa reokisijeni. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana siyana aeration. Saka kure Takataura pamusoro ezvinhu zvarwo, uye mukuru, asi nokuda ngatiendei pfungwa dzedu pane imwe zano bacteriological tsvakurudzo.
tsika
Complex nzira anowanzoshandiswa kuziva utachiona mumuviri murwere kana zvinogona mutakuri. Zvinhu uye nzira kuvimba zvinangwa izvo pachisara uyewo mamiriro kwezvakatipoteredza umo basa rinoitwa. In tsika, vakawanda utachiona aonekwa kuburikidza kuitisa tsika ropa wakatorwa kubva munhu kana mhuka. Kana zvakanaka segwapa omunharaunda maronda, utachiona inogona kuwanikwa dambudziko munzvimbo. Zviri kwese pazvinetso zvakadai nemanyoka, mwandabvu, diphtheria, uye vamwe kufanana. In Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, izvi rwakoromoka kupinda munhu tsoka bacteriological miedzo (ndiro maitire sefivha). Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoshandisa pachake nzira yayo, izvo nechinangwa kuwana zvinokonzera utachiona. Ngatitorei vanyatsoona mamiriro ezvinhu kubva sefivha. Muvhiki rekutanga chirwere chakavimbika kupfuura nzira rokuongorora hosha iri tsika ropa. On rechipiri rinofanira kuitwa serology. On vhiki kusora pachituru rechitatu. Nzira wokupedzisira runoonekwa kuva achiongorora convalescents.
kuziva zvigare
Unenge nedanho raro coloring. Zvadaro tarisa sezvo mabhakitiriya anogona kuputsa makabhohaidhiretsi, amino acids uye zvichingodaro. Uyezve, iyi inogona vaisanganisa nokudzidza zvimwe zvivako zvine mumwe vakaparadzana genus kana mhando microorganism. Somuenzaniso, tinofanira kuguma zvinobvira Kuparadzwa erythrocytes zvemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana, sei yeplasma pakugwamba uye pokufa fibrin clot, uye zvichingodaro. Zvose izvi ndizvo zvinoita zviri nomumwe vamiririri Microcosm. Uyewo, serological kuzivikanwa anogona kushandiswa chokupedzisira kuzivikanwa (asi kazhinji unouya pathogenic bacteria kuti muri mhuri intestinal).
mhedziso
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhamba zvigare hazvigoni vanozivikanwa nzira zvinorondedzerwa munyaya. Muchiitiko chino, zvikuru kushandiswa kuita hweHIV mumarabhoritari mhuka. Nokutarira ndechokuti pachena unhu toxigenicity kana pathogenicity, iyo isina kuchengetwa ezvokunambira kunze kwomuviri waamai. Chirwere rinogona kushandiswa nzira kuunganidza pathogenic tupukanana. Uye kana tichienzanisa zvechadenga nokudzidza nemagariro, rakawanikwa munguva mukudzidza zvipenyu, morphological, serological uye nokukanganisika zvivako, tinogona kutaura zvatinoziva chii mhando kwoutachiona, tiri kubata. By nezvezviratidzo zvinoreva kuti chinoratidza mhando uye mhando utachiona mhando. Kana bvunzo muviri parinorambwa mune zvimwe zvivako kubva ayo nezvekumwe maitiro, chinofanira kuva nechokwadi kuti tsanangurai. A zvinoverengeka nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti zviitiko zvakadaro zvinobatsira kuva zvitupa itsva inoitwa mamwe makopi ose nzira uye unyanzvi. Zvidzidzo Dzimwe nguva zvingada hwakatamisirwa pamwero itsva, zvinoreva nzira chakakura (uye anodhura). Kana nemigumisiro yakaipa vari vakawana, zvinonzi pakugadzirira Micro-zvinenge zvakanga vasipo kana havana musoro. Asi nokuda zvakarurama kuferefeta kuti vanofungidzirwa Kuwanda keriya bacilli (nemanyoka, diphtheria, sefivha) Muzviitiko zvakadaro vanoonekwa inodzokororwa macheki. Izvi kuitira kuti nyanzvi vane pfungwa yakarurama zvatinofanira kugadzirisa.